Additional file 1: Table S1. of Identification and characterization of a maize-associated mastrevirus in China by deep sequencing small RNA populations

Primers used for PCR amplification. Table S2. Contigs found to have identity to Maize streak Reunion virus in a BLASTn search of the NCBI data base. Table S3. Sequences of selected members belonging to the Geminiviridae used in the phylogenetic analysis. (DOC 75 kb

Additional file 1 of The value of deep neural networks in the pathological classification of thyroid tumors

Additional file 1

ES-MION-Based Dual-Modality PET/MRI Probes for Acidic Tumor Microenvironment Imaging

Among all characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which are caused by abnormal proliferation of solid tumors, extracellular acidity is an important indicator for malignancy grading. pH-low insertion peptides (pHLIPs) are adopted to discern the acidic TME. To date, different imaging agents including fluorescent, positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agents with pHLIPs to target the acidic TME have been used to image various tumor models successfully. In this article, a PET/MRI dual-modality probe, based on extremely small magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (ES-MIONs) with pHLIPs as a targeting unit, was proposed for the first time. In the phantom study, the probe showed relatively high r1 relaxivity (r1 = 1.03 mM–1 s–1), indicating that it could be used as a T1-weighted MR contrast agent. The 68Ga-radiolabeled probe was further studied in vitro and in vivo to evaluate pHLIP targeting efficacy and feasibility for PET/MRI. PET with intratumoral injection and T1-weighted MRI with intravenous injection both showed pHLIP-specific delivery of the probe. Therefore, we successfully designed and developed a radiolabeled ES-MION-based dual-modality PET/MRI agent to target the acidic tumor microenvironment. Although the accumulation of the probe in tumors with intravenous injection was not high enough to exhibit signals in the PET imaging study, our study still provides further insights into the ES-MION-based PET/MRI strategy

Rational Design of Vanadium-Modulated Ni₃Se₂ Nanorod@Nanosheet Arrays as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting

Developing highly efficient and cost-effective non-noble metal electrocatalysts with prominent operational stability toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is indispensable for large-scale water electrolysis but remains challenging. Here, an innovative superhydrophilic vanadium-modulated Ni3Se2 nanorod@nanosheet array in situ grown on nickel foam (V-Ni3Se2/NF) is synthesized via a solvothermal strategy employing a NiV-LDH nanosheet as a precursor. Experimental investigations disclose that the hierarchical nanostructure endows V-Ni3Se2/NF with abundant electrochemically surface active sites that render the easy accessibility of the electrolyte to the electrode, thereby enhancing the electron transfer efficiency and electrocatalytic activity toward HER and OER. Furthermore, the modulated electronic configuration in V-Ni3Se2/NF not only favors the water dissociation and formation of adsorbed hydrogen but also optimizes the binding energy of key reaction intermediates, thus expediting the water electrolysis kinetics. Consequently, the V-Ni3Se2/NF electrode requires ultralow overpotentials of 275 and 370 mV at a large current density of 500 mA cm–2 in 1.0 M KOH solution toward HER and OER, respectively. The assembled V-Ni3Se2/NF||V-Ni3Se2/NF electrolyzer yields a low cell voltage equaling to 1.56 V to deliver 10 mA cm–2 together with an extraordinary long-term durability for 80 h, far outperforming the benchmark Pt/C/NF||IrO2/NF counterpart (1.76 V, 10 mA cm–2), demonstrating its glorious potentials in large-scale industrial water electrolysis applications. This work puts forward novel synergistic tactics to construct bifunctional electrocatalysts with prominent water splitting performance in a harsh alkaline electrolyte

Rational Design of Vanadium-Modulated Ni₃Se₂ Nanorod@Nanosheet Arrays as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting

Developing highly efficient and cost-effective non-noble metal electrocatalysts with prominent operational stability toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is indispensable for large-scale water electrolysis but remains challenging. Here, an innovative superhydrophilic vanadium-modulated Ni3Se2 nanorod@nanosheet array in situ grown on nickel foam (V-Ni3Se2/NF) is synthesized via a solvothermal strategy employing a NiV-LDH nanosheet as a precursor. Experimental investigations disclose that the hierarchical nanostructure endows V-Ni3Se2/NF with abundant electrochemically surface active sites that render the easy accessibility of the electrolyte to the electrode, thereby enhancing the electron transfer efficiency and electrocatalytic activity toward HER and OER. Furthermore, the modulated electronic configuration in V-Ni3Se2/NF not only favors the water dissociation and formation of adsorbed hydrogen but also optimizes the binding energy of key reaction intermediates, thus expediting the water electrolysis kinetics. Consequently, the V-Ni3Se2/NF electrode requires ultralow overpotentials of 275 and 370 mV at a large current density of 500 mA cm–2 in 1.0 M KOH solution toward HER and OER, respectively. The assembled V-Ni3Se2/NF||V-Ni3Se2/NF electrolyzer yields a low cell voltage equaling to 1.56 V to deliver 10 mA cm–2 together with an extraordinary long-term durability for 80 h, far outperforming the benchmark Pt/C/NF||IrO2/NF counterpart (1.76 V, 10 mA cm–2), demonstrating its glorious potentials in large-scale industrial water electrolysis applications. This work puts forward novel synergistic tactics to construct bifunctional electrocatalysts with prominent water splitting performance in a harsh alkaline electrolyte

Searching for New Cures for Tuberculosis: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 2-Methylbenzothiazoles

The actual development and clinical use of new therapeutics for tuberculosis (TB) have remained stagnant for years because of the complexity of the disease process, the treatment of which at present requires the administration of drug combinations over a 6 month period. There is thus an urgent need for the discovery and development of novel, more active, and less toxic anti-TB agents. In this study, we report on the chemistry and biology of a series of potent 5-(2-methylbenzothiazol-5-yloxymethyl)isoxazole-3-carboxamide derivatives, which proved to be active against replicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) H37Rv. The most potent compounds 7j and 7s were found to inhibit Mtb growth at micromolar concentrations, with MIC values of 1.4 and 1.9 μM, respectively. Impressively, all active compounds were nontoxic toward Vero cells (IC50 > 128 μM). Moreover, the best of these compounds were also tested against protozoan parasites, and some of these compounds were found to show activity, especially against Plasmodium falciparum. These studies thus suggest that certain 2-methylbenzothiazole based compounds may serve as promising lead scaffolds for further elaboration as anti-TB drugs and as possible antimalaria drugs

DataSheet1_Preclinical evidence of probiotics in ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.docx

The imbalance of gastrointestinal microbial composition has been identified as the main factor of chronic inflammatory diseases. At present, probiotics have a beneficial effect on the microbial composition of the human gastrointestinal tract, but it is still controversial and the specific mechanism is unknown. The purpose of this network meta-analysis is to compare the mechanism of different probiotics on ulcerative colitis. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched till 16 November 2022. The SYRCLE risk bias assessment tool was used to assess the quality of the research studies. A total of 42 studies, 839 ulcerative colitis models, and 24 kinds of probiotics were finally included. The results showed that L. rhamnosus has the best effect in relieving weight loss and improving the Shannon index in the ulcerative colitis model. E. faecium has the best effect in reducing colon injury; L. reuteri has the best effect in reducing the DAI; L. acidophilus has the best effect in reducing the HIS index and increasing the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1; and L. coryniformis has the best effect in reducing the content of serum pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α. It indicated that probiotics can improve ulcerative colitis by improving histopathological manifestations, reducing inflammatory reaction, and repairing the mucosal barrier, and different probiotics showed different effects. However, considering the limitations of this study, preclinical studies that require more large samples and high-quality and more reliable and rigorous experimental designs and reports need to be conducted in the future.Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#record details, identifier CRD42022383383.</p

Rational Design of Vanadium-Modulated Ni₃Se₂ Nanorod@Nanosheet Arrays as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting

Developing highly efficient and cost-effective non-noble metal electrocatalysts with prominent operational stability toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is indispensable for large-scale water electrolysis but remains challenging. Here, an innovative superhydrophilic vanadium-modulated Ni3Se2 nanorod@nanosheet array in situ grown on nickel foam (V-Ni3Se2/NF) is synthesized via a solvothermal strategy employing a NiV-LDH nanosheet as a precursor. Experimental investigations disclose that the hierarchical nanostructure endows V-Ni3Se2/NF with abundant electrochemically surface active sites that render the easy accessibility of the electrolyte to the electrode, thereby enhancing the electron transfer efficiency and electrocatalytic activity toward HER and OER. Furthermore, the modulated electronic configuration in V-Ni3Se2/NF not only favors the water dissociation and formation of adsorbed hydrogen but also optimizes the binding energy of key reaction intermediates, thus expediting the water electrolysis kinetics. Consequently, the V-Ni3Se2/NF electrode requires ultralow overpotentials of 275 and 370 mV at a large current density of 500 mA cm–2 in 1.0 M KOH solution toward HER and OER, respectively. The assembled V-Ni3Se2/NF||V-Ni3Se2/NF electrolyzer yields a low cell voltage equaling to 1.56 V to deliver 10 mA cm–2 together with an extraordinary long-term durability for 80 h, far outperforming the benchmark Pt/C/NF||IrO2/NF counterpart (1.76 V, 10 mA cm–2), demonstrating its glorious potentials in large-scale industrial water electrolysis applications. This work puts forward novel synergistic tactics to construct bifunctional electrocatalysts with prominent water splitting performance in a harsh alkaline electrolyte

Rational Design of Vanadium-Modulated Ni₃Se₂ Nanorod@Nanosheet Arrays as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting

Developing highly efficient and cost-effective non-noble metal electrocatalysts with prominent operational stability toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is indispensable for large-scale water electrolysis but remains challenging. Here, an innovative superhydrophilic vanadium-modulated Ni3Se2 nanorod@nanosheet array in situ grown on nickel foam (V-Ni3Se2/NF) is synthesized via a solvothermal strategy employing a NiV-LDH nanosheet as a precursor. Experimental investigations disclose that the hierarchical nanostructure endows V-Ni3Se2/NF with abundant electrochemically surface active sites that render the easy accessibility of the electrolyte to the electrode, thereby enhancing the electron transfer efficiency and electrocatalytic activity toward HER and OER. Furthermore, the modulated electronic configuration in V-Ni3Se2/NF not only favors the water dissociation and formation of adsorbed hydrogen but also optimizes the binding energy of key reaction intermediates, thus expediting the water electrolysis kinetics. Consequently, the V-Ni3Se2/NF electrode requires ultralow overpotentials of 275 and 370 mV at a large current density of 500 mA cm–2 in 1.0 M KOH solution toward HER and OER, respectively. The assembled V-Ni3Se2/NF||V-Ni3Se2/NF electrolyzer yields a low cell voltage equaling to 1.56 V to deliver 10 mA cm–2 together with an extraordinary long-term durability for 80 h, far outperforming the benchmark Pt/C/NF||IrO2/NF counterpart (1.76 V, 10 mA cm–2), demonstrating its glorious potentials in large-scale industrial water electrolysis applications. This work puts forward novel synergistic tactics to construct bifunctional electrocatalysts with prominent water splitting performance in a harsh alkaline electrolyte

Key Genes Identified in Nonsyndromic Microtia by the Analysis of Transcriptomics and Proteomics

As one of the common birth defects worldwide, nonsyndromic microtia is a complex disease that results from interactions between environmental and genetic factors. However, the underlying causes of nonsyndromic microtia are currently not well understood. The present study determined transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of auricular cartilage tissues in 10 patients with third-degree nonsyndromic microtia and five control subjects by RNA microarray and tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics technology. Relative mRNA and protein abundances were compared and evaluated for their function and putative involvement in nonsyndromic microtia. A total of 3971 differentially expressed genes and 256 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that some of these genes and proteins showed potential associations with nonsyndromic microtia. Thirteen proteins with the same trend at the mRNA level obtained by the integrated analysis were validated by parallel reaction monitoring analysis. Several key genes, namely, LAMB2, COMP, APOA2, APOC2, APOC3, and A2M, were found to be dysregulated, which could contribute to nonsyndromic microtia. The present study is the first report on the transcriptomic and proteomic integrated analysis of nonsyndromic microtia using the same auricular cartilage sample. Additional studies are required to clarify the roles of potential key genes in nonsyndromic microtia