Association between the Polymorphisms in Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 and the Risk of Coronary Atherosclerosis: A Case-Controlled Study

<div><p>Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), an important immune adhesion molecule, is related to the atherosclerosis. We explored the association between the polymorphisms of the ICAM-1 gene and coronary atherosclerotic stenosis to determine whether any risk factors correlate with genetic polymorphisms in Chinese patients with coronary atherosclerosis. Using the SNaPshot assay, we examined six SNPs of rs5491, rs281428, rs281432, rs5496, rs5498 and rs281437 in 604 patients diagnosed with coronary atherosclerotic stenosis by angiography and in 468 controls. We found that AG genotype of rs5498 had higher frequency in the coronary atherosclerotic stenosis patients (41.56% to 34.19%, P = 0.017, OR = 1.368,95%CI 1.057–1.770) and that the haplotype A_rs5491C_rs281428G_rs281432 had higher frequency in patients (13.8% to 12.1%, P = 0.048). When analyzing the clinical risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis, we found that the rs5498 locus was associated with the levels of apolipoprotein A (APOA) (P = 0.0002) and triglycerides (TG) (P = 0.002). Furthermore, the levels of triglycerides (TG) were also associated with rs281432 (P = 0.040). Additionally, the TT genotype of rs281437 was associated with a higher level of apolipoprotein A (APOA) (P = 0.039) and apolipoprotein B (APOB) (P = 0.003). Finally, among those with coronary atherosclerosis, we found no differences in the haplotype analysis of polymorphisms of the ICAM-1 gene from individuals with hypertension or those who smoked. According to our results, the ICAM-1 polymorphisms were associated with risk of coronary atherosclerotic stenosis in Chinese individuals.</p></div

Blocks of the haplotypes in ICAM-1 gene between coronary atherosclerosis cases and controls.

<p>Blocks of the haplotypes in ICAM-1 gene between coronary atherosclerosis cases and controls.</p

Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Patients (n = 604) and controls (n = 468).

<p>HDL  =  high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL  =  low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; CHO =  cholesterol; TG  =  Triglyceride; BMI  =  body mass index; APO = apolipoprotein; GLU = fasting blood-glucose; UA = uric acid.</p><p>Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Patients (n = 604) and controls (n = 468).</p

SNP genotyping of ICAM-1 gene (S1.rs281428, S2.rs281432, S3.rs5496, S4.rs5491, S5.rs5498, S6.rs281437).

<p>SNP genotyping of ICAM-1 gene (S1.rs281428, S2.rs281432, S3.rs5496, S4.rs5491, S5.rs5498, S6.rs281437).</p

Relationship between ICAM-1 polymorphisms and risk factor of coronary atherosclerosis in coronary stenosis patients.

<p>rs5491 A/T, rs281428 C/T, rs281432 C/G, rs5498 A/G, rs281437 C/T.</p><p>CHO =  cholesterol; TG  =  Triglyceride; HDL  =  high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL  =  low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; APO = apolipoprotein; UA = uric acid; GLU = fasting blood-glucose.</p><p>The data were analyzed by ANOVA and shown as mean value.</p><p>Relationship between ICAM-1 polymorphisms and risk factor of coronary atherosclerosis in coronary stenosis patients.</p

Haplotypes of ICAM-1 gene and risk of coronary atherosclerosis.

<p>Haplotypes of ICAM-1 gene and risk of coronary atherosclerosis.</p

The association between polymorphisms of ICAM-1 gene and coronary atherosclerosis.

<p>* Fisher Exact test. Significant values (p<0.05) are in bold.</p><p>cases: n = 604; missing, n = 0; controls, n = 468; missing, n = 0.</p><p>The association between polymorphisms of ICAM-1 gene and coronary atherosclerosis.</p

Hypertention or smoking and ICAM-1 gene polymorphisms (n = 604).

<p>*Fisher Exact Test.</p><p>Hypertention or smoking and ICAM-1 gene polymorphisms (n = 604).</p

Additional file 1: of Construction of a high-density genetic map using specific-locus amplified fragments in sorghum

Details of assigned marker sequences. (TXT 1116 kb

Additional file 2: of Construction of a high-density genetic map using specific-locus amplified fragments in sorghum

Details of F2 individual genotypes. (GENOTYPE 896 kb