Mg₂Nb₃₄O₈₇ Porous Microspheres for Use in High-Energy, Safe, Fast-Charging, and Stable Lithium-Ion Batteries

M–Nb–O compounds are advanced anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high specific capacities, safe operating potentials, and high cycling stability. Nevertheless, the found M–Nb–O anode materials are very limited. Here, Mg₂Nb₃₄O₈₇ is developed as a new M–Nb–O material. Mg₂Nb₃₄O₈₇ porous microspheres (Mg₂Nb₃₄O₈₇-P) with primary-particle sizes of 30–100 nm are fabricated based on a solvothermal method. Mg₂Nb₃₄O₈₇ has an open 3 × 4 × ∞ Wadsley–Roth shear structure and a large unit-cell volume, leading to its largest Li⁺ diffusion coefficients among all the developed M–Nb–O anode materials. In situ X-ray diffraction analyses reveal its high structural stability and intercalating characteristic. These architectural, conductivity, and structural advantages in Mg₂Nb₃₄O₈₇-P lead to its most significant intercalation pseudocapacitive contribution (87.7% at 1.1 mV s^–1) among the existing M–Nb–O anode materials and prominent rate capability (high reversible capacities of 338 mAh g^–1 at 0.1C and 230 mAh g^–1 at 10C). Additionally, this new material exhibits a safe operating potential (∼1.68 V), an ultrahigh initial Coulombic efficiency (94.8%), and an outstanding cycling stability (only 6.9% capacity loss at 10C over 500 cycles). All of these evidences indicate that Mg₂Nb₃₄O₈₇-P is an ideal anode material for high-energy, safe, fast-charging, and stable LIBs

Table_3_A novel risk stratification model based on tumor size and multifocality to predict recurrence in pediatric PTC: comparison with adult PTC.docx

BackgroundPediatric papillary thyroid cancer presents with a more advanced stage of disease than adult PTC; and it is more likely to be aggresive and distant metastases, although the survival rate is high.MethodsA retrospective observational study was performed in children and adults with PTC. Fisher’s exact, chi-square, and rank-sum tests were used to examine the differences. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to determine the possible risk factors for prognosis. A Kaplan-Meier curve analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the clinicopathological characteristics and recurrence rate.ResultsThe study involved 156 children and 1,244 adults with PTC. Compared to the group without recurrence, proportions of tumors measuring > 1 cm (48.3% vs. 90.9%) and multifocality (30.3% vs. 63.6%) were higher, N1b stage occurred more frequently (33.8% vs. 100%). However, among adult PTC patients, those with recurrence were older (76.1% vs. 59.4%) than those without recurrence. Risk factors for pediatric PTC recurrence included tumor size and multifocality. However, in adult PTC, the risk factor was LLNM. The newly constructed Stratification.N showed better performance, as illustrated by the fact that patients who were classified into Stratification.N 3 showed an obviously poorer prognosis (P=0.01 and P=0.00062), especially in those aged >14 years (P=0.0052).ConclusionCompared with adult PTC, pediatric PTC showed unique characteristics in terms of clinical pathology and recurrence. Tumor size and multifocality were strong risk factors for pediatric PTC. Accordingly, the novel proposed risk stratification method could effectively predict the recurrence of pediatric PTC.</p

Table_1_A novel risk stratification model based on tumor size and multifocality to predict recurrence in pediatric PTC: comparison with adult PTC.docx

BackgroundPediatric papillary thyroid cancer presents with a more advanced stage of disease than adult PTC; and it is more likely to be aggresive and distant metastases, although the survival rate is high.MethodsA retrospective observational study was performed in children and adults with PTC. Fisher’s exact, chi-square, and rank-sum tests were used to examine the differences. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to determine the possible risk factors for prognosis. A Kaplan-Meier curve analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the clinicopathological characteristics and recurrence rate.ResultsThe study involved 156 children and 1,244 adults with PTC. Compared to the group without recurrence, proportions of tumors measuring > 1 cm (48.3% vs. 90.9%) and multifocality (30.3% vs. 63.6%) were higher, N1b stage occurred more frequently (33.8% vs. 100%). However, among adult PTC patients, those with recurrence were older (76.1% vs. 59.4%) than those without recurrence. Risk factors for pediatric PTC recurrence included tumor size and multifocality. However, in adult PTC, the risk factor was LLNM. The newly constructed Stratification.N showed better performance, as illustrated by the fact that patients who were classified into Stratification.N 3 showed an obviously poorer prognosis (P=0.01 and P=0.00062), especially in those aged >14 years (P=0.0052).ConclusionCompared with adult PTC, pediatric PTC showed unique characteristics in terms of clinical pathology and recurrence. Tumor size and multifocality were strong risk factors for pediatric PTC. Accordingly, the novel proposed risk stratification method could effectively predict the recurrence of pediatric PTC.</p

Table_4_A novel risk stratification model based on tumor size and multifocality to predict recurrence in pediatric PTC: comparison with adult PTC.docx

BackgroundPediatric papillary thyroid cancer presents with a more advanced stage of disease than adult PTC; and it is more likely to be aggresive and distant metastases, although the survival rate is high.MethodsA retrospective observational study was performed in children and adults with PTC. Fisher’s exact, chi-square, and rank-sum tests were used to examine the differences. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to determine the possible risk factors for prognosis. A Kaplan-Meier curve analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the clinicopathological characteristics and recurrence rate.ResultsThe study involved 156 children and 1,244 adults with PTC. Compared to the group without recurrence, proportions of tumors measuring > 1 cm (48.3% vs. 90.9%) and multifocality (30.3% vs. 63.6%) were higher, N1b stage occurred more frequently (33.8% vs. 100%). However, among adult PTC patients, those with recurrence were older (76.1% vs. 59.4%) than those without recurrence. Risk factors for pediatric PTC recurrence included tumor size and multifocality. However, in adult PTC, the risk factor was LLNM. The newly constructed Stratification.N showed better performance, as illustrated by the fact that patients who were classified into Stratification.N 3 showed an obviously poorer prognosis (P=0.01 and P=0.00062), especially in those aged >14 years (P=0.0052).ConclusionCompared with adult PTC, pediatric PTC showed unique characteristics in terms of clinical pathology and recurrence. Tumor size and multifocality were strong risk factors for pediatric PTC. Accordingly, the novel proposed risk stratification method could effectively predict the recurrence of pediatric PTC.</p

Image_1_A novel risk stratification model based on tumor size and multifocality to predict recurrence in pediatric PTC: comparison with adult PTC.tif

BackgroundPediatric papillary thyroid cancer presents with a more advanced stage of disease than adult PTC; and it is more likely to be aggresive and distant metastases, although the survival rate is high.MethodsA retrospective observational study was performed in children and adults with PTC. Fisher’s exact, chi-square, and rank-sum tests were used to examine the differences. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to determine the possible risk factors for prognosis. A Kaplan-Meier curve analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the clinicopathological characteristics and recurrence rate.ResultsThe study involved 156 children and 1,244 adults with PTC. Compared to the group without recurrence, proportions of tumors measuring > 1 cm (48.3% vs. 90.9%) and multifocality (30.3% vs. 63.6%) were higher, N1b stage occurred more frequently (33.8% vs. 100%). However, among adult PTC patients, those with recurrence were older (76.1% vs. 59.4%) than those without recurrence. Risk factors for pediatric PTC recurrence included tumor size and multifocality. However, in adult PTC, the risk factor was LLNM. The newly constructed Stratification.N showed better performance, as illustrated by the fact that patients who were classified into Stratification.N 3 showed an obviously poorer prognosis (P=0.01 and P=0.00062), especially in those aged >14 years (P=0.0052).ConclusionCompared with adult PTC, pediatric PTC showed unique characteristics in terms of clinical pathology and recurrence. Tumor size and multifocality were strong risk factors for pediatric PTC. Accordingly, the novel proposed risk stratification method could effectively predict the recurrence of pediatric PTC.</p

GaNb₁₁O₂₉ Nanowebs as High-Performance Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

M–Nb–O compounds have been considered as promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of their high capacities, safety, and cyclic stability. However, very limited M–Nb–O anode materials have been developed thus far. Herein, GaNb₁₁O₂₉ with a shear ReO₃ crystal structure and a high theoretical capacity of 379 mAh g^–1 is intensively explored as a new member in the M–Nb–O family. GaNb₁₁O₂₉ nanowebs (GaNb₁₁O₂₉-N) are synthesized based on a facile single-spinneret electrospinning technique for the first time and are constructed by interconnected GaNb₁₁O₂₉ nanowires with an average diameter of ∼250 nm and a large specific surface area of 10.26 m² g^–1. This intriguing architecture affords good structural stability, restricted self-aggregation, a large electrochemical reaction area, and fast electron/Li⁺-ion transport, leading to a significant pseudocapacitive behavior and outstanding electrochemical properties of GaNb₁₁O₂₉–N. At 0.1 C, it shows a high specific capacity (264 mAh g^–1) with a safe working potential (1.69 V vs Li/Li⁺) and the highest first-cycle Coulombic efficiency in all of the known M–Nb–O anode materials (96.5%). At 10 C, it exhibits a superior rate capability (a high capacity of 175 mAh g^–1) and a durable cyclic stability (a high capacity retention of 87.4% after 1000 cycles). These impressive results indicate that GaNb₁₁O₂₉-N is a high-performance anode material for LIBs

Table_2_A novel risk stratification model based on tumor size and multifocality to predict recurrence in pediatric PTC: comparison with adult PTC.docx

BackgroundPediatric papillary thyroid cancer presents with a more advanced stage of disease than adult PTC; and it is more likely to be aggresive and distant metastases, although the survival rate is high.MethodsA retrospective observational study was performed in children and adults with PTC. Fisher’s exact, chi-square, and rank-sum tests were used to examine the differences. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to determine the possible risk factors for prognosis. A Kaplan-Meier curve analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the clinicopathological characteristics and recurrence rate.ResultsThe study involved 156 children and 1,244 adults with PTC. Compared to the group without recurrence, proportions of tumors measuring > 1 cm (48.3% vs. 90.9%) and multifocality (30.3% vs. 63.6%) were higher, N1b stage occurred more frequently (33.8% vs. 100%). However, among adult PTC patients, those with recurrence were older (76.1% vs. 59.4%) than those without recurrence. Risk factors for pediatric PTC recurrence included tumor size and multifocality. However, in adult PTC, the risk factor was LLNM. The newly constructed Stratification.N showed better performance, as illustrated by the fact that patients who were classified into Stratification.N 3 showed an obviously poorer prognosis (P=0.01 and P=0.00062), especially in those aged >14 years (P=0.0052).ConclusionCompared with adult PTC, pediatric PTC showed unique characteristics in terms of clinical pathology and recurrence. Tumor size and multifocality were strong risk factors for pediatric PTC. Accordingly, the novel proposed risk stratification method could effectively predict the recurrence of pediatric PTC.</p