The basic demographics of habitually unshod and shod runners.

<p>Note: Mean±Standard Deviation; BMI-body mass index.</p><p>The basic demographics of habitually unshod and shod runners.</p

A. The peak pressure of bound and normal feet in different anatomical parts (* indicates that significance exists between bound and normal feet, p<0.05.).

<p><b>B. The contact area of bound and normal feet in different anatomical parts</b> (* indicates significance exists between bound and normal feet, p<0.05.). <b>C. The force time integral (impulse) of bound feet and normal feet in different anatomical parts</b> (* indicates significance between bound and normal feet, p<0.05.).</p

The CoP progression velocity in anterior-posterior direction and stance time.

<p>Note: * indicates that there is a significant difference.</p><p>The CoP progression velocity in anterior-posterior direction and stance time.</p

The morphology of bound feet (left: bottom view; right: medial view, the two red lines are the loading parts of bound feet during locomotion.)

<p>The morphology of bound feet (left: bottom view; right: medial view, the two red lines are the loading parts of bound feet during locomotion.)</p

The center of pressure (CoP) trajectory of bound feet (left) and normal feet (right) (ICP represents Initial Contact Phase, FFCP represents Forefoot Contact Phase, FFP represents Flat Foot Phase and FFPOP represents Forefoot Push Off Phase; the circle indicates the location of CoP while stance phase.)

<p>The center of pressure (CoP) trajectory of bound feet (left) and normal feet (right) (ICP represents Initial Contact Phase, FFCP represents Forefoot Contact Phase, FFP represents Flat Foot Phase and FFPOP represents Forefoot Push Off Phase; the circle indicates the location of CoP while stance phase.)</p

A-The mean value of Hallux Angle (HA = 10.3±5.4 & HA’ = 3.42±3.5) (Fig 3-A), B-minimal Distance (D = 5.98±5.8 & D’ = 21.71±12.1) (Fig 3-B) and C-the correlation between the hallux angle value and the minimal distance with habitually shod feet (R2 = 0.057) and unshod feet (R2 = 0.182) (Fig 3-C).

<p>A-The mean value of Hallux Angle (HA = 10.3±5.4 & HA’ = 3.42±3.5) (Fig 3-A), B-minimal Distance (D = 5.98±5.8 & D’ = 21.71±12.1) (Fig 3-B) and C-the correlation between the hallux angle value and the minimal distance with habitually shod feet (R2 = 0.057) and unshod feet (R2 = 0.182) (Fig 3-C).</p

The dorsal view of foot surface data, length (length’), width (width’), minimal distance (distance’) and HA (hallux angle, HA’).

<p>Three landmarks were drawn to connect line A-B (A’-B’) and line B-C (B’-C’), with A (A’) in medial calcaneous, B (B’) in the head of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and C (C’) in the hallux.</p