Data_Sheet_1_Molecular markers associated with drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum parasites in central Africa between 2016 and 2021.DOCX

ObjectivesThe widespread occurrence of anti-malarial drug resistance threatens the current efforts to control malaria in African regions. Molecular marker surveillance helps to track the emergence and spread of drug-resistant malaria cases.MethodsA total of 237 Plasmodium falciparum infections imported from central Africa to Zhejiang Province, China, between 2016 and 2021, were investigated. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples of each patient and nested PCRs was used to detect molecular markers in k13, Pfcrt, and Pfmdr1 genes. The spatial and temporal distributions of the molecular markers were analyzed.ResultsA limited polymorphism of k13 was observed, including two nonsynonymous (D464E and K503E) and five synonymous mutations. Wild-type CVMNK of Pfcrt predominated (78.5%), whereas 19.5% of the samples harbored the mutant haplotype, CVIET. The point mutation Y184F and the single mutant haplotype NF of Pfmdr1 were the most frequently observed. The geographical distributions of the Pfcrt and Pfmdr1 haplotypes displayed distinct patterns, with the mutant haplotype of Pfcrt more common in Gabon (53.9%) and Congo (50.0%), and wild haplotypes of Pfmdr1 more frequently found in Cameroon, Angola, and Congo. The prevalence of wild-type CVMNK of Pfcrt increased from 68.5–74.6% in 2016–2017 to 81.8–87.5% in 2018–2021. The proportion of wild-type Pfmdr1 also increased from 27.1% in 2016 to 38.5% in 2019.ConclusionThe geographical and temporal distribution of k13, Pfcrt, and Pfmdr1 polymorphisms in P. falciparum parasites imported from central Africa between 2016 and 2021 are demonstrated. Our data provide updated evidence that can be used to adjust anti-malarial drug policies in central Africa and China.</p

Additional file 1 of Molecular surveillance of Pfcrt and k13 propeller polymorphisms of imported Plasmodium falciparum cases to Zhejiang Province, China between 2016 and 2018

Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers for Pfcrt and K13 propeller genotyping assay. Table S2. Distribution of imported P. falciparum cases of Zhejiang province between 2016 and 2018

Additional file 4 of Soil-transmitted helminths, intestinal protozoa and Clonorchis sinensis infections in southeast China

Additional file 4: Knowledge and Behavior of Clonorchis sinensis Questionnaire

Additional file 1 of Soil-transmitted helminths, intestinal protozoa and Clonorchis sinensis infections in southeast China

Additional file 1: Study sites in rural area

High-Resolution and Dynamic Visualization of Intracellular Redox Potential Using a Metal–Organic Framework-Functionalized Nanopotentiometer

Redox potential plays a key role in regulating intracellular signaling pathways, with its quantitative analysis in individual cells benefiting our understanding of the underlying mechanism in the pathophysiological events. Here, a metal organic framework (MOF)-functionalized SERS nanopotentiometer has been developed for the dynamic monitoring of intracellular redox potential. The approach is based on the encapsulation of zirconium-based MOF (Uio-66-F4) on a surface of gold–silver nanorods (Au–Ag NRs) that is modified with the newly synthesized redox-sensitive probe ortho-mercaptohydroquinone (HQ). Thanks to size exclusion of MOF as the chemical protector, the nanopotentiometer can be adapted to long-term use and possess high anti-interference ability toward nonredox species. Combining the superior fingerprint identification of SERS with the electrochemical activity of the quinone/hydroquinone, the nanopotentiometer shows a reversible redox responsivity and can quantify redox potential with a relatively wide range of −250–100 mV. Furthermore, the nanopotentiometer allows for dynamic visualization of intracellular redox potential changes induced by drugs’ stimulation in a high-resolution manner. The developed approach would be promising for offering new insights into the correlation between redox potential and tumor proliferation-involved processes such as oxidative stress and hypoxia

Additional file 2 of Soil-transmitted helminths, intestinal protozoa and Clonorchis sinensis infections in southeast China

Additional file 2: Study sites in urban area

Additional file 3 of Soil-transmitted helminths, intestinal protozoa and Clonorchis sinensis infections in southeast China

Additional file 3: Knowledge and Behavior of Soil-transmitted helminth and Clonorchis sinensis Questionnaire