Additional file 2: Figure S2. of Long branch-chains of amylopectin with B-type crystallinity in rice seed with inhibition of starch branching enzyme I and IIb resist in situ degradation and inhibit plant growth during seedling development

Seed and starch weights and their relationships with seedling weight on the weight basis of pre-germinated seeds during seedling growth. (A), dry weight of seed without embryo; (B, C), the relationships between the decreased seed weight and the root (a), shoot (b), and seedling (root + shoot) weight (c) in TQ (B) and TRS (c); (d), dry weight of starch in endosperm; (e, f), the relationships between the decreased starch weight and the root (a), shoot (b), and seedling (soot + shoot) weight (c) in TQ (E) and TRS (F). For (a and d), values are means ± SD from three replicates, and asterisks (*) highlight significant differences between TQ and TRS by Student’s t test (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001). For (b, c, e, and f), values are the means of three replicates, and R indicates the regression coefficient. (TIFF 8768 kb

Additional file 4: Figure S1. of Development of high-lysine rice via endosperm-specific expression of a foreign LYSINE RICH PROTEIN gene

Amino acid content in T14 generation of PA110 and PA64S. (JPG 1752 kb

Nuphar japonicum DC.

原著和名: カハホネ科名: スイレン科 = Nymphaeaceae採集地: 茨城県 牛久沼 (茨城県 牛久沼)採集日:採集者: 櫻井 宏整理番号: JH045478国立科学博物館整理番号: TNS-VS-99547

Inhibitory effect of commercial rhIGFBP-3 on human MCF-7 breast cancer cells and HT-29 colon cancer cells.

<p>Different concentrations of commercial rhIGFBP-3 ranged from 9.375 ng/ml to 300 ng/ml were used to treat MCF-7 and HT-29 cells. Data are shown as means ± SD.</p

Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Ability of Rf5 and Rf6 to Restore Fertility of Chinsurah Boro II-type Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Oryza Sativa (ssp. Japonica) Lines

Temperatures during August in 2011 (a) and 2013 (b). (DOCX 132 kb

Inhibitory effect of different concentration of rice-produced rhIGFBP-3 on HT-29 human colon cancer cells.

<p>Different concentration of seed proteins (ranged from 1.042 to 15.625 mg) from WT and transgenic SBK-66 and SB-57 lines were used to treat HT-29 cells. Data are shown as means ± SD. *<i>p</i> < 0.05 and ** <i>p</i> < 0.01 denote statistically significant and very significant differences, respectively, between transgenic lines and WT.</p

Transgenic integration of modified hIGFBP-3 in rice.

<p>Genomic DNA extracted from rice leaves of independent transformants was digested with BamHI and separated on 0.8% agarose gel, blotted on nylon membrane and hybridized with DIG-labeled hIGFBP-3 probe. Lanes 1-3: three independent pSB130/Gt1/hIGFBP-3 transformants (B1 to B3); lane 4: wild type (WT) rice plant; lanes 5-6: two independent pSB130/Gt1/SP/hIGFBP-3 transformants (SB1 to SB2); lanes 7-9: three independent pSB130/Gt1/SP/hIGFBP-3::KDEL transformants (SBK1 to SBK3).</p

Inhibitory effect of rice-produced rhIGFBP-3 on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

<p>(A) Equal amount (3.125 mg seed) of WT, SB and SBK total seed protein extracts were added to the MCF-7 cells separately. Data are shown as means ± SD. *<i>p</i> < 0.05 and ** <i>p</i> < 0.01 denote statistically significant and very significant differences, respectively, between transgenic lines and WT.</p

Molecular Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Starches from Rice with Different Amylose Contents Resulting from Modification of OsGBSSI Activity

OsGBSSI, encoded by the <i>Waxy</i> (<i>Wx</i>) gene, is the key enzyme in the synthesis of amylose chains. Transgenic rice lines with various GBSSI activities were previously developed via site-directed mutagenesis of the <i>Wx</i> gene in the glutinous cultivar Guanglingxiangnuo (GLXN). In this study, grain morphology, molecular structure, and physicochemical properties were investigated in four transgenic lines with modified OsGBSSI activity and differences in amylose content. A milky opaque appearance was observed in low- and non-amylose rice grains due to air spaces in the starch granules. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) analyses showed that although OsGBSSI can synthesize intermediate and extra-long amylopectin chains, it is mainly responsible for the longer amylose chains. Amylose content was positively correlated with trough viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, pasting time, pasting temperature, and gelatinization temperature and negatively with gel consistency, breakdown viscosity, gelatinization enthalpy, and crystallinity. Overall, the findings suggest that OsGBSSI may be also involved in amylopectin biosynthesis, in turn affecting grain appearance, thermal and pasting properties, and the crystalline structure of starches in the rice endosperm