38 research outputs found
Image_1_Landscape and predictions of inflammatory bowel disease in China: China will enter the Compounding Prevalence stage around 2030.pdf
BackgroundThis study aims to explore the epidemiological trends of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) over the past three decades in China and further predict the trends of IBD in the next 25 years.MethodsThe prevalence, incidence, mortality, years of life lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and annual percentage changes of the above metrics of IBD in China from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The corresponding trends in the next 25 years were predicted.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the cases of IBD in China raised to 484 thousand [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 411–571] and 427 thousand (366–498) among males and females, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate of IBD increased from 1.72 per 100,000 population (1.44–2.05) to 3.35 per 100,000 population (2.88–3.88) among males and from 1.20 per 100,000 population (1.02–1.42) to 2.65 per 100,000 population (2.29–3.08) among females. The highest incidence rate occurred in people aged 35–39 years. The total YLDs attributed to IBD significantly increased, but the YLLs showed a decreasing trend, resulting in minor alterations of the DALYs. In the next 25 years, the incidence of IBD would continue to increase until a plateau by 2030, and IBD-related deaths would also increase to about 7.57 thousand by 2044 despite the decreasing age-standardized mortality rate. Similar trends were observed for both sexes, with a slight male predominance.ConclusionsAlthough China is still a low-endemic area of IBD, the prevalence and incidence of IBD dramatically increased in the past three decades. The burden of IBD in China is expected to grow continuously in the next 25 years due to the large population base and severe aging problem. China is estimated to enter the Compounding Prevalence stage around 2030.</p
Table_3_Landscape and predictions of inflammatory bowel disease in China: China will enter the Compounding Prevalence stage around 2030.pdf
BackgroundThis study aims to explore the epidemiological trends of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) over the past three decades in China and further predict the trends of IBD in the next 25 years.MethodsThe prevalence, incidence, mortality, years of life lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and annual percentage changes of the above metrics of IBD in China from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The corresponding trends in the next 25 years were predicted.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the cases of IBD in China raised to 484 thousand [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 411–571] and 427 thousand (366–498) among males and females, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate of IBD increased from 1.72 per 100,000 population (1.44–2.05) to 3.35 per 100,000 population (2.88–3.88) among males and from 1.20 per 100,000 population (1.02–1.42) to 2.65 per 100,000 population (2.29–3.08) among females. The highest incidence rate occurred in people aged 35–39 years. The total YLDs attributed to IBD significantly increased, but the YLLs showed a decreasing trend, resulting in minor alterations of the DALYs. In the next 25 years, the incidence of IBD would continue to increase until a plateau by 2030, and IBD-related deaths would also increase to about 7.57 thousand by 2044 despite the decreasing age-standardized mortality rate. Similar trends were observed for both sexes, with a slight male predominance.ConclusionsAlthough China is still a low-endemic area of IBD, the prevalence and incidence of IBD dramatically increased in the past three decades. The burden of IBD in China is expected to grow continuously in the next 25 years due to the large population base and severe aging problem. China is estimated to enter the Compounding Prevalence stage around 2030.</p
Table_1_Landscape and predictions of inflammatory bowel disease in China: China will enter the Compounding Prevalence stage around 2030.pdf
BackgroundThis study aims to explore the epidemiological trends of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) over the past three decades in China and further predict the trends of IBD in the next 25 years.MethodsThe prevalence, incidence, mortality, years of life lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and annual percentage changes of the above metrics of IBD in China from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The corresponding trends in the next 25 years were predicted.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the cases of IBD in China raised to 484 thousand [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 411–571] and 427 thousand (366–498) among males and females, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate of IBD increased from 1.72 per 100,000 population (1.44–2.05) to 3.35 per 100,000 population (2.88–3.88) among males and from 1.20 per 100,000 population (1.02–1.42) to 2.65 per 100,000 population (2.29–3.08) among females. The highest incidence rate occurred in people aged 35–39 years. The total YLDs attributed to IBD significantly increased, but the YLLs showed a decreasing trend, resulting in minor alterations of the DALYs. In the next 25 years, the incidence of IBD would continue to increase until a plateau by 2030, and IBD-related deaths would also increase to about 7.57 thousand by 2044 despite the decreasing age-standardized mortality rate. Similar trends were observed for both sexes, with a slight male predominance.ConclusionsAlthough China is still a low-endemic area of IBD, the prevalence and incidence of IBD dramatically increased in the past three decades. The burden of IBD in China is expected to grow continuously in the next 25 years due to the large population base and severe aging problem. China is estimated to enter the Compounding Prevalence stage around 2030.</p
Table_2_Landscape and predictions of inflammatory bowel disease in China: China will enter the Compounding Prevalence stage around 2030.pdf
BackgroundThis study aims to explore the epidemiological trends of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) over the past three decades in China and further predict the trends of IBD in the next 25 years.MethodsThe prevalence, incidence, mortality, years of life lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and annual percentage changes of the above metrics of IBD in China from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The corresponding trends in the next 25 years were predicted.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the cases of IBD in China raised to 484 thousand [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 411–571] and 427 thousand (366–498) among males and females, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate of IBD increased from 1.72 per 100,000 population (1.44–2.05) to 3.35 per 100,000 population (2.88–3.88) among males and from 1.20 per 100,000 population (1.02–1.42) to 2.65 per 100,000 population (2.29–3.08) among females. The highest incidence rate occurred in people aged 35–39 years. The total YLDs attributed to IBD significantly increased, but the YLLs showed a decreasing trend, resulting in minor alterations of the DALYs. In the next 25 years, the incidence of IBD would continue to increase until a plateau by 2030, and IBD-related deaths would also increase to about 7.57 thousand by 2044 despite the decreasing age-standardized mortality rate. Similar trends were observed for both sexes, with a slight male predominance.ConclusionsAlthough China is still a low-endemic area of IBD, the prevalence and incidence of IBD dramatically increased in the past three decades. The burden of IBD in China is expected to grow continuously in the next 25 years due to the large population base and severe aging problem. China is estimated to enter the Compounding Prevalence stage around 2030.</p
Image_2_Landscape and predictions of inflammatory bowel disease in China: China will enter the Compounding Prevalence stage around 2030.pdf
BackgroundThis study aims to explore the epidemiological trends of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) over the past three decades in China and further predict the trends of IBD in the next 25 years.MethodsThe prevalence, incidence, mortality, years of life lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and annual percentage changes of the above metrics of IBD in China from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The corresponding trends in the next 25 years were predicted.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the cases of IBD in China raised to 484 thousand [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 411–571] and 427 thousand (366–498) among males and females, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate of IBD increased from 1.72 per 100,000 population (1.44–2.05) to 3.35 per 100,000 population (2.88–3.88) among males and from 1.20 per 100,000 population (1.02–1.42) to 2.65 per 100,000 population (2.29–3.08) among females. The highest incidence rate occurred in people aged 35–39 years. The total YLDs attributed to IBD significantly increased, but the YLLs showed a decreasing trend, resulting in minor alterations of the DALYs. In the next 25 years, the incidence of IBD would continue to increase until a plateau by 2030, and IBD-related deaths would also increase to about 7.57 thousand by 2044 despite the decreasing age-standardized mortality rate. Similar trends were observed for both sexes, with a slight male predominance.ConclusionsAlthough China is still a low-endemic area of IBD, the prevalence and incidence of IBD dramatically increased in the past three decades. The burden of IBD in China is expected to grow continuously in the next 25 years due to the large population base and severe aging problem. China is estimated to enter the Compounding Prevalence stage around 2030.</p
Spatiotemporal Hologram
Spatiotemporal structured light has opened up new avenues for optics and photonics. Current spatiotemporal manipulation of light mostly relies on phase-only devices such as liquid crystal spatial light modulator to generate spatiotemporal optical fields with unique photonic properties. However, simultaneous manipulation of both amplitude and phase of the complex field for the spatiotemporal light is still lacking, limiting the diversity and richness of achievable photonic properties. In this work, a simple and versatile spatiotemporal holographic method that can arbitrarily sculpture the spatiotemporal light is presented. The capabilities of this simple yet powerful method are demonstrated through the generation of fundamental and higher-order spatiotemporal Bessel wavepacket, spatiotemporal crystal-like and quasi-crystal-like structures, and spatiotemporal flat-top wavepackets. Fully customizable spatiotemporal wavepackets will find broader application in investigating the dynamics of spatiotemporal fields and interactions between ultrafast spatiotemporal pulses and matters, unveiling previously hidden light-matter interactions and unlocking breakthroughs in photonics and beyond
Self-Assembly of Fluorescent Organic Nanoparticles for Iron(III) Sensing and Cellular Imaging
Fluorescent organic nanoparticles
have attracted increasing attentions for chemical or biological sensing
and imaging due to their low-toxicity, facile fabrication and surface
functionalization. In this work, we report novel fluorescent organic
nanoparticles via facile self-assembly method in aqueous solution.
First, the designed water-soluble fluorophore shows a weak and negligible
intrinsic fluorescence in water. Upon binding with adenosine-5′-triphosphate
(ATP), fluorescent nanoparticles were formed immediately with strongly
enhanced fluorescence. These fluorescent nanoparticles exhibit high
sensitivity and selectivity toward Fe<sup>3+</sup> sensing with detection
limit of 0.1 nM. In addition, after incubation with HeLa cells, the
fluorophore shows excellent imaging performance by interaction with
entogenous ATP in cells. Finally, this fluorescent system is also
demonstrated to be capable of Fe<sup>3+</sup> sensing via fluorescence
quenching in cellular environment
Spectroscopic and Computational Characterization of the HCO···H<sub>2</sub>O Complex
The complexes of HCO with water are
prepared in a Kr matrix and
characterized by IR spectroscopy with the aid of ab initio calculations.
The calculations at the UCCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory predict
three structures of the HCO<sup>...</sup>H<sub>2</sub>O complex. In
the “linear” structure <b>I</b>, a hydrogen atom
of water interacts with the oxygen atom of HCO. In structure <b>II</b>, the hydrogen atom of HCO interacts with the oxygen atom
of water. The “cyclic” structure <b>III</b> has
the C–H···O and O–H···O
hydrogen bonds simultaneously. In the experiment, the HCO···H<sub>2</sub>O complex is produced by photolysis of HCOOH/HY/Kr (Y = Br
and Cl) matrices followed by thermal annealing at about 30 K, which
promotes the H + CO···H<sub>2</sub>O → HCO···H<sub>2</sub>O reaction. The analysis of the spectroscopic data shows that
the main product has structure <b>III</b> whereas the formation
of structure <b>II</b> is less efficient. The experiments show
no evidence of the weakest structure <b>I</b>. The experiments
with deuterated formic acid (DCOOH) provide additional support of
the proposed assignment
Spatiotemporal optical vortices with controllable radial and azimuthal quantum numbers
Optical spatiotemporal vortices with transverse photon orbital angular momentum (OAM) have recently become a focal point of research. In this work we theoretically and experimentally investigate optical spatiotemporal vortices with radial and azimuthal quantum numbers, known as spatiotemporal Laguerre-Gaussian (STLG) wavepackets. These 3D wavepackets exhibit phase singularities and cylinder-shaped edge dislocations, resulting in a multi-ring topology in its spatiotemporal profile. Unlike conventional ST optical vortices, STLG wavepackets with non-zero p and l values carry a composite transverse OAM consisting of two directionally opposite components. We further demonstrate mode conversion between an STLG wavepacket and an ST Hermite-Gaussian wavepacket through the application of strong spatiotemporal astigmatism. The converted STHG wavepacket is de-coupled in intensity in space-time domain that can be utilized to implement the efficient and accurate recognition of ultrafast STLG wavepackets carried various p and l. This study may offer new insights into high-dimensional quantum information, photonic topology, and nonlinear optics, while promising potential applications in other wave phenomena such as acoustics and electron waves
Interaction of Aromatic Compounds with Xenon: Spectroscopic and Computational Characterization for the Cases of <i>p-</i>Cresol and Toluene
We
have investigated noncovalent interactions of two aromatic compounds
(toluene and <i>p</i>-cresol) with Xe atoms by using infrared
spectroscopy in a Ne matrix and quantum chemical calculations. The
present results show that the methyl group of these molecules is a
sensitive probe of the interaction with Xe. We have used the molecules
with the deuterated methyl group, possessing a relatively simple spectrum,
which allows us to detect characteristic vibrational shifts in the
complexes, in which a Xe atom interacts with the aromatic π
electron system (π structure). For the <i>p-</i>cresol···Xe
complex, we also observed evidence of the 1:1 H-bonded structure.
The amount of the H-bonded structure of the cresol···Xe
complex is relatively small, which agrees with the calculated interaction
energies (stronger interaction for the π structure). The bands
of the 1:1 complexes of <i>p-</i>cresol and toluene with
Xe appear at low Xe concentration and their intensities relative to
the monomer bands are nearly proportional to the Xe/Ne concentration
ratio. For the <i>p-</i>cresol–Xe system, additional
OH stretching bands appear at higher Xe concentrations, which are
suitable for the complexes with several Xe atoms. The π structures
studied in this work can probably be formed in the case of aromatic
amino acids, for which these simple aromatic compounds are useful
models