Media and campaign effects on vote choice at national elections in Europe : a review of a multilingual research landscape

This article reviews the empirical research literature on campaign and media effects on vote choice at national elections in European countries for the post-World War II period. Particular efforts are undertaken to obtain a comprehensive picture by including publications in many different languages. With regard to the amount of research, but also the topics addressed, the survey reveals considerable differences between countries. Studies of campaign effects have focused on the temporal dynamics of campaigns, on the modes of campaign communications (such as personal contacts at the local level, advertising on TV and in the press or online social media) and on certain aspects of its content. Research on media effects has explored the role of partisan bias and certain topical categories of news (climate of opinion, issue and candidate coverage) as well as specific new media formats, notably televised candidate debates and vote advice applications (VAA). Overall, the review reveals that there is little in the way of an integrated and consolidated body of campaign and media effects research on national elections in Europe. While political communication research increasingly acknowledges the potential importance of news media and political parties’ electioneering for voting behaviour, there appears as of yet to be little convergence regarding approaches and research findings. Particularly striking is the degree to which research questions are guided by national institutional contexts

Reasonableness Review and the Interdependence of Process and Substance after Vavilov

This article examines the shared conceptual foundations and practical features of the law of substantive judicial review set out in Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration) v. Vavilov, and the law of procedural review established in Baker v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration). The article begins by exploring conflicting notions of legality: one based in legislative authority that prioritizes correctness and tends to separate process from substance, and the other based in a culture of justification that recognizes the interdependency between process and substance. It concludes that the latter –– the “reason oriented” approach –– is the theoretical foundation underpinning both the Vavilov and Baker frameworks. Accordingly, it finds that these two frameworks are highly similar in terms of the contextual factors they prescribe, and that they both rely heavily on the relationship between the procedure used to reach a decision and its substantive outcome. The article concludes by suggesting that reasonableness is already the standard of review both applicable and applied to procedural matters

Abanicos para el siglo XXI

Resenya: Abanicos para el siglo XX

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Maize Inbred Lines from SCDA Turda - Romania Revealed by RAPD Molecular Markers

Knowledge of genetic diversity and relationships among maize inbred lines is indispensable to a breeding program. Our objective was to investigate the level of genetic diversity among maize inbred lines. Eighty-three maize inbred lines obtained from SCDA Turda were genotyped using 20 decamer primers. These primers generated, among the studied genotypes, a number of polymorphic bands comprised between 17 bands (OPA 03) and 7 bands (OPAB 11). The highest numbers of polymorphic bands were obtained with primer OPA 03, respectively 17 bands, followed by OPA 01, OPB 08 (16 polymorphic bands) and OPX 03 and OPAL 20 (13 polymorphic bands). Genetic distances were established using Nei Li/Dice coefficent and an UPGMA dendrogram was constructed with FreeTree software. The built dendrogram shows phylogenetic relationships between the analysed biological material