Increasing Laying Performances and Egg Vitamin a Content Through Zinc Oxide and Phytase Enzyme Supplementation

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan performan ayam petelur dan kandungan vitamin A dalam telur ayam yang diproduksi dari ayam yang diberi ransum berkadar asam fitat tinggi yang berasal dari dedak padi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 162 ekor ayam petelur strain ISA-Brown umur 18 minggu dan dipelihara sampai umur 33 minggu. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan 3 ulangan, masing-masing ulangan terdiri atas 6 ekor ayam. Faktor pertama (A) adalah suplementasi Zn dalam bentuk ZnO (0, 252 dan 567 mg ZnO/kg ransum), faktor kedua (B) adalah suplementasi enzim fitase (0, 300 dan 400 unit fitase/kg ransum). Data performan ayam petelur dianalisis sidik ragam (analyses of variance/ANOVA), sedangkan data vitamin A dalam telur dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi ZnO maupun enzim fitase dalam ransum tidak mempengaruhi produksi telur hen day, konsumsi ransum, konversi ransum dan berat telur. Suplementasi ZnO maupun enzim fitase dalam ransum meningkatkan kandungan vitamin A dalam telur. Telur ayam yang diberi ransum dengan perlakuan suplementasi 252 mg ZnO/kg ransum mengandung vitamin A paling tinggi

Increasing Laying Performances and Egg Vitamin A Content Through Zinc Oxide and Phytase Enzyme Supplementation

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan performan ayam petelur dan kandungan vitamin A dalam telur ayam yang diproduksi dari ayam yang diberi ransum berkadar asam fitat tinggi yang berasal dari dedak padi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 162 ekor ayam petelur strain ISA-Brown umur 18 minggu dan dipelihara sampai umur 33 minggu. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan 3 ulangan, masing-masing ulangan terdiri atas 6 ekor ayam. Faktor pertama (A) adalah suplementasi Zn dalam bentuk ZnO (0, 252 dan 567 mg ZnO/kg ransum), faktor kedua (B) adalah suplementasi enzim fitase (0, 300 dan 400 unit fitase/kg ransum). Data performan ayam petelur dianalisis sidik ragam (analyses of variance/ANOVA), sedangkan data vitamin A dalam telur dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi ZnO maupun enzim fitase dalam ransum tidak mempengaruhi produksi telur hen day, konsumsi ransum, konversi ransum dan berat telur. Suplementasi ZnO maupun enzim fitase dalam ransum meningkatkan kandungan vitamin A dalam telur. Telur ayam yang diberi ransum dengan perlakuan suplementasi 252 mg ZnO/kg ransum mengandung vitamin A paling tinggi. Kata kunci : asam fitat, fitase, zinc, vitamin A, ayam petelu

Regenerative-Relational Tritangtu: Sundanese Triadic Transformation Model

 Tritangtu atau pola pikir tritunggal merupakan kosmologi masyarakat Sunda dan Minang yang terdiri dari tiga entitas (pola tiga). Tritangtu sebagai kearifan lokal juga melatarbelakangi struktur mental pelaku kreatif dalam membuat karya baik berupa pertunjukan, nilai filosofi artefak mau- pun produk budaya lainnya di masyarakat Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi partisipasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Obyek penelitian ini adalah praktik pelaku kreatif di bidang desain di Bandung. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya transformasi tritangtu Sunda dari struktur yang tetap menjadi struktur dinamis. Perubahan struktur ini ditentukan oleh relasi antar struktur pembentuk unsur desain de- ngan segmentasi pasar global. Peminjaman penanda identitas Sunda khususnya budaya rakyat atau tradisi masa lalu merupakan upaya regeneratif dalam usahanya untuk harmonisasi pola tiga dalam menghadapi dan memenangkan persaingan pasar bebas di Indonesia.

Suplementasi Fitase, Seng dan Tembaga dalam Ransum Sebagai Stimulan Pertumbuhan Ayam Broiler

Zinc and Cu have important roles in growth and immune system, but their bioavailability are low due to the phytic acid content in poultry diet. This experiment was conducted in order to obtain the best combination of phytase, Zn, and Cu as growth stimulants for broiler fed diet containing phytic acid. Two hundred eighty eight Day Old Chicks unsexed were allocated into nine treatment diets with four replications (eight chicks in each replicate). The birds were raised up to 42 days old. Combination of the treatment diets were: R1 (positive control), R2 (negative control), R3 (R2 + 132.70 ppm ZnO), R4 (R2 + 286.16 ppm CuSO4), R5 (R2 + 132.70 ppm ZnO + 286.16 ppm CuSO4), R6 (R2 + phytase 1000 FTU/kg), R7 (R2 + phytase 1000 FTU/kg + 132.70 ppm ZnO), R8 (R2 + phytase 1000 FTU/kg + 286.16 ppm CuSO4 ), R9 (R2 + phytase 1000 FTU/kg + 132.70 ppm ZnO + 286.16 ppm CuSO4). The results of this research indicated that the phytase supplementation (1000 FTU/kg), ZnO (132.70 ppm), and CuSO4 (286.16 ppm) in poultry diet 1) improved the body weight and feed conversion, but did not significantly influence the feed consumption, 2) increased serum Zn, and 3) increased the alkalin and phosphatase activity. Key words: phytase, zinc, copper, broiler, growth stimulan

Polisakarida Mengandung Mannan dari Bungkil Inti Sawit Sebagai Antimikroba Salmonella typhimurium pada Ayam

Mannan containing polysaccharides could be used as an alternative to replace antibiotics due to their capacity to block the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine of poultry. The aim of this study was to investigate mannan containing polysaccharides from palm kernel meal (PKM) and its inhibitory effect against Salmonella typhimurium. Hot water extractions were used to isolate mannan containing polysaccharides from cell wall of PKM. In vivo studies were conducted using broiler and layer chicks that were challenged orally with 104 cfu Salmonella typhimurium on third day. Split plot design was used as experimental design with strain as main plot and level of mannan polysaccharides as sub plot. The levels of mannan containing polysaccharides that were used consisted of 0 (R0); 1000 (R1); 2000 (R2); 3000 (R3); 4000 (R4) ppm, in term of total sugar. The results indicated that compared to the control group, feeding PKM containing mannan 4000 ppm decreased (P < 0.01) Salmonella typhimurium incidence. The addition of mannan did not affect feed consumption. On the contrary, the addition of 4000 ppm mannan gave significantly higher feed/weight gain ratio of the chicks (P < 0.05). The administration of feed supplemented with mannan from PKM did not influence weight gain of poultry. It is concluded that mannan from PKM can prevent the colonization of Salmonella typhimurium in poultry. Key words: palm kernel meal, mannan, Salmonella typhimurium, performance, poultr

Penampilan, Kualitas Kimia, dan Off-Odor Daging Itik (Anas plathyrynchos) yang Diberi Pakan Mengandung Beluntas (Pluchea indica L. Less)

Duck meat is not preferred because its off-odor. Its off-odor is caused by lipid oxidation which preventable by antioxidant. Beluntas has antioxidant and anti nutrition. This research was designed to know the level of beluntas and feeding duration on performance, chemical, and duck's meat off-odor. Beluntas was given to 108 culling ducks, about 12 months old. The research used a completely randomized design with 3 x 3 factorial models, with 3 replicates. The factors were different levels of beluntas (0%, 1%, and 2%) in the ration, and feeding duration of each ration (3, 5, and 7 weeks). The data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey's test. The results showed that no interaction was found between the two factors. Beluntas did not affect duck's performance. Feeding duration of each ration affected the fat and fatty acid content (P &lt; 0.01) and TBARS (thiobarbituric reactive subtances) value of the meat with skin (P &lt; 0.05). Beluntas level at 1% increased C18:0 (P &lt; 0.05) and total (C18:2 and C18:3) (P &lt; 0.052).  Beluntas levels at 1% and 2% reduced (P &lt; 0.01) duck's meat off-odor and increased (P &lt; 0.05) consumers preference. This research concluded that the inclusion of 1% beluntas for 3 weeks was effective to reduce duck's meat off-odor without negative impact on performance

An Improved Protocol for N-Glycosylation Analysis of Gel-Separated Sialylated Glycoproteins by MALDI-TOF/TOF

Different glycoforms of some proteins have been identified as differential spots for certain diseases in 2-DE, indicating disease-related glycosylation changes. It is routine to determine the site-specific glycosylation of nonsialylated N-glycoproteins from a single gel spot, but some obstacles still exist in analyzing sialylated glycoproteins due to the lability and higher detection limit of acid glycans in MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis. Thus, we present an improved protocol here. Tryptic glycopeptides were separated and subjected to MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis, resulting in the identification of site-specific glycosylation of high-intensity glycopeptides. Sequential deglycosylation and desialylation were used to improve the identification of glycosylation sites and desialylated glycans. The site-specific glycosylation of large glycopeptides and low-intensity glycopeptides was deduced based on the masses of glycopeptides, deglycosylated peptides and desialylated glycans. By applying it to 2-DE separated human serum, the difference of N-glycosylation was successfully determined for α1-antitrypsin between different gel spots

Simultaneous Analysis of Proteome, Phospho- and Glycoproteome of Rat Kidney Tissue with Electrostatic Repulsion Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography

Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) are regulated separately from protein expression levels. Thus, simultaneous characterization of the proteome and its PTMs is pivotal to an understanding of protein regulation, function and activity. However, concurrent analysis of the proteome and its PTMs by mass spectrometry is a challenging task because the peptides bearing PTMs are present in sub-stoichiometric amounts and their ionization is often suppressed by unmodified peptides of high abundance. We describe here a method for concurrent analysis of phosphopeptides, glycopeptides and unmodified peptides in a tryptic digest of rat kidney tissue with a sequence of ERLIC and RP-LC-MS/MS in a single experimental run, thereby avoiding inter-experimental variation. Optimization of loading solvents and elution gradients permitted ERLIC to be performed with totally volatile solvents. Two SCX and four ERLIC gradients were compared in details, and one ERLIC gradient was found to perform the best, which identified 2929 proteins, 583 phosphorylation sites in 338 phosphoproteins and 722 N-glycosylation sites in 387 glycoproteins from rat kidney tissue. Two hundred low-abundance proteins with important functions were identified only from the glyco- or phospho-subproteomes, reflecting the importance of the enrichment and separation of modified peptides by ERLIC. In addition, this strategy enables identification of unmodified and corresponding modified peptides (partial phosphorylation and N-glycosylation) from the same protein. Interestingly, partially modified proteins tend to occur on proteins involved in transport. Moreover, some membrane or extracellular proteins, such as versican core protein and fibronectin, were found to have both phosphorylation and N-glycosylation, which may permit an assessment of the potential for cross talk between these two vital PTMs and their roles in regulation

Pengaruh penggunaan tepung silase ikan dalam ransum terhadap penampilan ayam pedaging strain aksas

Pengaruh penggunaan tepung silase ikan dalam ransum terhadap penampilan ayam pedaging strain aksa

Pendugaan Kandungan Air, Protein, Llsin dan Metionin Tepung Ikan dengan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Berdasarkan Absorbsi Near Infrared

The objective of this study was to apply artificial neural network (ANN) to enable accurate and fast prediction of moisture, protein. lysine and methionine contents of ftishmeal. The several wevelenqths of near intrared absorbance, range from 900 to 2,000 nm, were selected for training and validating ANN on each chemical component by stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Tne ANN with three, five. seven and nine nodes at hidden layer were trained using 35 samples for moisture and protein, 33 samples for lysine and 30 samples for metionine Validating was conducted on 10 independent samples. The results of validating indicated that the best of protoin prediction was achieved by ANN with seven nodes at hidden layer for moisture. five nodes for protein and methionine, and three nodes for lysine. The standard error of prediction, coefficient of variation and ratio of standard deviation and standard error of prediction respoctivety were 0.61%, 4.81%, and 6.89 for moisture contents; 2.99%, 6.43% and 3.34 for protein contents: 0.14%, 11.32% and 3.04 for lysine contents: and 0.07%. 10.50% and 2.16 for methionine contents. With the same data entry. the ANN could predict with better performance than did by multiple linear regressio