Linguistics and some aspects of its underlying dynamics

In recent years, central components of a new approach to linguistics, the Minimalist Program (MP) have come closer to physics. Features of the Minimalist Program, such as the unconstrained nature of recursive Merge, the operation of the Labeling Algorithm that only operates at the interface of Narrow Syntax with the Conceptual-Intentional and the Sensory-Motor interfaces, the difference between pronounced and un-pronounced copies of elements in a sentence and the build-up of the Fibonacci sequence in the syntactic derivation of sentence structures, are directly accessible to representation in terms of algebraic formalism. Although in our scheme linguistic structures are classical ones, we find that an interesting and productive isomorphism can be established between the MP structure, algebraic structures and many-body field theory opening new avenues of inquiry on the dynamics underlying some central aspects of linguistics.Comment: 17 page

Calcifying odontogenic cyst associated with compound odontoma: A study on undemineralized material

In a minority of cases of calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) it is possible to observe the formation of dental hard tissues in the cyst wall. The use of undemineralized sections has allowed an evaluation of the mineralized tissues normally lost with the use of demineralizing agents. All the dental hard tissues presented a high degree of morpho- and histodifferentiation. The histochemical staining for calcium salts (von Kossa) showed the presence of areas of low mineralization in the portion of the lesion, where the tissue maturation was not complete. In conclusion the appearance of the dental hard tissues in this case of compound odontoma arising in the cyst wall of a COC is similar to that already described in compound odontoma not associated with COC.Il est possible d’observer la formation de tissus dentaires durs dans la paroi d’une minorité de cas de kystes odontogènes calcifiants (KOC). L’utilisation de coupes de tissus non déminéralisés a permis une évaluation des tissus minéralisés qui sont habituellement perdus après décalcification. Tous les tissus dentaires durs présentent un degré important de morpho- en d’histodifférenciation. La coloration histochimique des sels calcaires (von Kossa) montre la présence de territoires de faible minéralisation dans les régions dans lesquelles la maturation tissulaire est incomplète.En conclusion, l’apparence des tissus dentaires durs dans ce cas d’odontome composé développé dans la paroi d’un kyste odontogène calcifié est semblable à celle déjà décrite dans les odontomes composés non associé à un KOC

The KM3NeT Project

The KM3NeT research infrastructure in the deep Mediterranean Sea will host a multi-cubic-kilometre neutrino telescope and provide connectivity for continuous, long-term earth and sea science measurements. The KM3NeT neutrino telescope will complement the IceCube telescope at the South Pole in its field of view and surpass it substantially in sensitivity. In this paper the status of the KM3NeT activities is presented

The Emergence of Denomination. Darwinism and Philology in George John Romanes’ Enquiry on the Human Mind

The paper considers some extracts from George John Romanes’ Mental Evolution in Man (1888) in order to analyse the author’s contribution to the debate on the mental faculties of human beings and the origin of language. By adopting the Darwinian view of a continuity between species – where all differences are in kind and not in degree – Romanes identifies in receptual ideation and denotative sign-making a common psychological and semiotic ground shared by humans and other animals, starting from which human beings gradually attained conceptual ideation and denominative sign-making. By applying this scheme to the findings of contemporary philologists, Romanes achieves his main goal of providing philological proof for his hypotheses, thus defending the Darwinian theory on the origin of language against past and present attacks at the hands of German philologist Max Müller

The advancement of Brazilian implantology and the Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences.

Dear friends of the Brazilian implantology and the Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences, it is with great joy and enthusiasm that I come to congratulate and congratulate, on behalf of its Editor Dr Éber Coelho Paraguassu, the entire BJIHS editorial board. The existence of this new communication vehicle on implantology is one more lever for us to use in our favor and spread current and retrospective knowledge seriously and with quality. Even in the midst of this terrible COVID-19 epidemic that plagues my country, I still find motivation and courage to continue and move forward. I wish all BJIHS friends a lot of success and prosperity.   Prof. A. PiattelliDear friends of the Brazilian implantology and the Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences, it is with great joy and enthusiasm that I come to congratulate and congratulate, on behalf of its Editor Dr Éber Coelho Paraguassu, the entire BJIHS editorial board. The existence of this new communication vehicle on implantology is one more lever for us to use in our favor and spread current and retrospective knowledge seriously and with quality. Even in the midst of this terrible COVID-19 epidemic that plagues my country, I still find motivation and courage to continue and move forward. I wish all BJIHS friends a lot of success and prosperity.   Prof. A. Piattell

SEM and fractography analysis of screw thread loosening in dental implants.

Biological and technical failures of implants have already been reported. Mechanical factors are certainly of importance in implant failures, even if their exact nature has not yet been established. The abutment screw fracture or loosening represents a rare, but quite unpleasant failure. The aim of the present research is an analysis and structural examination of screw thread or abutment loosening compared with screw threads or abutment without loosening. The loosening of screw threads was compared to screw thread without loosening of three different implant systems; Branemark (Nobel Biocare, Gothenburg, Sweden), T.B.R. implant systems (Benax, Ancona, Italy) and Restore (Lifecore Biomedical, Chaska, Minnesota, USA). In this study broken screws were excluded. A total of 16 screw thread loosenings were observed (Group I) (4 Branemark, 4 T.B.R and 5 Restore), 10 screw threads without loosening were removed (Group II), and 6 screw threads as received by the manufacturer (unused) (Group III) were used as control (2 Branemark, 2 T.B.R and 2 Restore). The loosened abutment screws were retrieved and analyzed under SEM. Many alterations and deformations were present in concavities and convexities of screw threads in group I. No macroscopic alterations or deformations were observed in groups II and III. A statistical difference of the presence of microcracks were observed between screw threads with an abutment loosening and screw threads without an abutment loosening

Release of VEGF from dental implant improves osteogenetic process: Preliminary in vitro tests

INTRODUCTION: During osseointegration process, the presence of an inflammatory event could negatively influence the proper osteogenetic ability of the implant surface. In order to reduce this possibility, an implementation of angiogenetic event through the release of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) can be a tool as co-factor for osteoblastic differentiation. In this paper, novel dental implant surfaces enriched with VEGF have been tested. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The ability of VEGF-enriched titanium implants to improve the osteogenetic properties of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), also in the presence of an inflammatory environment, have been in vitro tested. Molecular biology, morphological analyses, and biochemical tests have been performed in order to confirm biological properties of these surfaces. RESULTS: Our results confirm that the presence of VEGF onto the implant surface is able not only to protect the cells from in vitro aging and from Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) damage, but it also improves their osteogenic and endothelial differentiation, even in the presence of inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION: This study establishes a biologically powerful novel tool that could enhance bone repair in dental implant integration