Associations between baseline risk factors and locomotor dysfunction at follow-up (age- and sex-adjusted) by ethnic group: Logistic regression analysis in the SABRE study.

<p>Data presented as odds ratios (95% confidence intervals). Only includes people with complete questionnaire and locomotor function data (n = 1292). SEP: Socioeconomic position. Age, sedentary behaviour, waist circumference, and body mass index coded as continuous variables. Sex, life-course SEP (reference category: Low childhood and low adult), home tenure (reference category: Do not own home), smoking status (reference category: Never/ex-smoker), physical activity (megajoules per week categorised into quartiles, reference category: Lowest), alcohol intake (reference category: Low), self-rated health (reference category: Very good/good), and baseline coronary heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, arthritis, asthma and disability (reference category: No prevalent condition) coded as categorical variables.</p

Prevalence (n (%)) of disability outcomes across ethnic groups: SABRE study 2008–2011.

<p>Data presented as n (%).*Obtained in clinic attendees only: European men/women, n = 489/135, Indian Asian men/women n = 404/57, African Caribbean men/women n = 106/101. p values represent results from comparison with Europeans using χ2 tests.</p

Baseline characteristics by sex and ethnic group: SABRE study 1988–1991.

<p>Data presented are unadjusted means (SD) and %, with exception of physical activity and alcohol consumption, presented as medians (interquartile range), due to skewed data (categorical variables were used for ethnic group comparisons). *p<0.05 for group differences with Europeans as reference category. †n = 959, includes only those people born outside the UK/Ireland with complete data (for European group, n = 61). Physical activity measured in megajoules expended per week during leisure time, travel time and sports. Sedentary behaviour measured as television viewing hours per week.</p

Follow-up assessment of disability.

<p>Follow-up assessment of disability.</p

Association of hypertension categories with CVD mortality in women and men combined.

<p>*Model 1: adjusted for sex, age (as time variable in Cox model).</p><p>Model 2: additionally adjusted for BMI, smoking, physical activity, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides (log scale), glucose (log scale), insulin (log scale), fathers occupational social class (childhood social class), own adult occupational social class.</p><p>Model 3: additionally adjusted for systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP).</p><p>**Imputed numbers per group and associated numbers of events are means over 20 imputed datasets.</p><p>Numbers per group differ slightly between <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0017792#pone-0017792-t002" target="_blank">Tables 2</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0017792#pone-0017792-t003" target="_blank">3</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0017792#pone-0017792-t004" target="_blank">4</a> as time to event and the censoring variable are included as a covariable in the imputation prediction model.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Validity of questionnaire-based assessment of sedentary behaviour and physical activity in a population-based cohort of older men; comparisons with objectively measured physical activity data

Physical activity and sedentary behaviour characteristics, mean (SD) or % (n), stratified by age 80 years. Table S2. Associations Between PA and SB Score and Heart Rate (Beats Per Minute) and FEV1 (Litres). Table S3. Associations between self-reported recreational activity score and components of objectively measured PA (n=1337 men).1 (DOCX 21 kb

Association of hypertension categories with fatal and non-fatal CVD in women and men combined.

<p>*Model 1: adjusted for sex, age (as time variable in Cox model).</p><p>Model 2: additionally adjusted for BMI, smoking, physical activity, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides (log scale), glucose (log scale), insulin (log scale), fathers occupational social class (childhood social class), own adult occupational social class.</p><p>Model 3: additionally adjusted for systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP).</p><p>**Imputed numbers per group and associated numbers of events are means over 20 imputed datasets.</p><p>Numbers per group differ slightly between <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0017792#pone-0017792-t002" target="_blank">Tables 2</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0017792#pone-0017792-t003" target="_blank">3</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0017792#pone-0017792-t004" target="_blank">4</a> as time to event and the censoring variable are included as a covariable in the imputation prediction model.</p

Baseline characteristics in British women and men aged 60–79 years without cardiovascular disease by categories of hypertension amongst women. N = 3182.

<p>In this table results are only presented for those with complete data, and for those with non-missing hypertensive status; HT = Hypertensive.</p><p>*i.e. the p-value tests whether the distribution differs between any of the groups and has 3 degrees of freedom.</p><p>**For these variables geometric means and 95% confidence intervals are presented.</p>$<p>Using robust standard errors to account for differences in variances between groups.</p>$$<p>Manual social class defined as social class III manual/class IV/class V/armed forces.</p>†<p>Included as categorical covariable with all levels (never/ex/current smoker, all levels of social class) in analysis.</p><p>***Response not required if not on drugs.</p

Baseline characteristics in British women and men aged 60–79 years without cardiovascular disease by categories of hypertension amongst men. N = 3042.

<p>In this table results are only presented for those with complete data, and for those with non-missing hypertensive status; HT = Hypertensive.</p><p>*i.e. the p-value tests whether the distribution differs between any of the groups and has 3 degrees of freedom.</p><p>**For these variables geometric means and 95% confidence intervals are presented.</p>$<p>Using robust standard errors to account for differences in variances between groups.</p>$$<p>Manual social class defined as social class III manual/class IV/class V/armed forces.</p>†<p>Included as categorical covariable with all levels (never/ex/current smoker, all levels of social class) in analysis.</p><p>***Response not required if not on drugs.</p

Association of hypertension categories with all-cause mortality in women and men combined.

<p>*Model 1: adjusted for sex, age (as time variable in Cox model).</p><p>Model 2: additionally adjusted for BMI, smoking, physical activity, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides (log scale), glucose (log scale), insulin (log scale), fathers occupational social class (childhood social class), own adult occupational social class.</p><p>Model 3: additionally adjusted for systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP).</p><p>**Imputed numbers per group and associated numbers of events are means over 20 imputed datasets.</p><p>Numbers per group differ slightly between <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0017792#pone-0017792-t002" target="_blank">Tables 2</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0017792#pone-0017792-t003" target="_blank">3</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0017792#pone-0017792-t004" target="_blank">4</a> as time to event and the censoring variable are included as a covariable in the imputation prediction model.</p