Logistic regression of multiple factors associated with PAD in hemodialysis patients (n = 204).

<p>AO, abdominal obesity; CI, confidence interval.</p

Pearson correlation coefficients between waist circumference and the other variables in hemodialysis patients (n = 204).

<p>Pearson correlation coefficients between waist circumference and the other variables in hemodialysis patients (n = 204).</p

Differences of clinical and biochemical parameters in hemodialysis patients between abdominal obesity and non-abdominal obesity.

<p>Differences of clinical and biochemical parameters in hemodialysis patients between abdominal obesity and non-abdominal obesity.</p

Logistic regression of multiple factors associated with abdominal obesity in hemodialysis patients (n = 204).

<p>Model 1: By using multiple logistic foreward regression analysis, all covariates were used for analysis. Model 2: By using multiple logistic foreward regression analysis, all covariates were used for analysis, except body mass index. CI, confidence interval.</p

Multivairate logistic regression model for factors related to acute kidney injury.

<p>Multivairate logistic regression model for factors related to acute kidney injury.</p

Risk Factors for Development of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

<div><p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Urinary tract infection (UTI) may be associated with sepsis or septic shock, and cause sudden deterioration of renal function. This study investigated the clinical characteristics and change of renal function to identify the risk factors for development of AKI in UTI patients. This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary referral center. From January 2006 to January 2013, a total of 790 UTI patients necessitating hospital admission were included for final analysis. Their demographic and clinical characteristics and comorbidities were collected and compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors for AKI in UTI patients. There were 97 (12.3%) patients developing AKI during hospitalization. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that patients with older age (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.04, <i>P</i> = 0.04), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.35–3.68, <i>P</i> = 0002), upper UTI (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.53–4.56, <i>P</i> = 0001), afebrile during hospitalization (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.04–2.83, <i>P</i> = 0036) and lower baseline eGFR [baseline eGFR 45–59 mL/min/1.73 m² (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.12–4.04, <i>P</i> = 0.022), baseline eGFR 30-44 mL/min/1.73 m² (OR 4.44, 95% CI 2.30–8.60 <i>P</i> < 0.001) baseline eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m² (OR 4.72, 95% CI 2.13–10.45, <i>P</i> <0.001), respectively] were associated with increased risk for development of AKI. were associated with increased risk for development of AKI. Physicians should pay attention to UTI patients at risk of AKI (advancing age, DM, upper UTI, afebrile, and impaired baseline renal function).</p></div

Multivariate analysis of associations between eGFR and acute kidney injury.

<p>^aN = 790. ^bMultivariate model adjusted for gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, stroke, malignancy, indwelling foley catheter, afebrile, upper UTI, septic shock, baseline eGFR group.</p

Rectangle below: patients included for analyses.

<p>Rectangle below: patients included for analyses.</p

Structural and Dynamic Histomorphometric Parameters of Experimental Chronic Kidney Disease Rats that did or did not Undergo Parathyroidectomy.^*

<p>*N = 26 rats. Data reported as mean ± SD. Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; PTX+CKD, parathyroidectomy and chronic kidney disease; MS/BS, percent mineralized bone surface; MAR, mineral apposition rate; BFR, bone formation rate; OV/BV, osteoid volume ratio; OS/BS, osteoid surface ratio; O.Th, osteoid thickness; OMT, osteoid maturation time</p><p>^ap < 0.01, compared with sham-operated control group.</p><p>^bp < 0.01, compared with CKD group.</p><p>^cp < 0.05, compared with sham-operated control group.</p><p>^dp < 0.05, compared with CKD group. NS, no significant (p > 0.05)</p><p>Structural and Dynamic Histomorphometric Parameters of Experimental Chronic Kidney Disease Rats that did or did not Undergo Parathyroidectomy.^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0133278#t001fn001" target="_blank">*</a>}</p

Additional file 3: of Factors affecting fistula failure in patients on chronic hemodialysis: a population–based case–control study

Table S2. Characteristics of patients categorized by dialysis provider level without dialysis catheter indwelling. (DOCX 18 kb