MOESM3 of Real-time in vivo imaging of subpopulations of circulating tumor cells using antibody conjugated quantum dots

Additional file 3: Movie M2a. A CD24+ cell (green) is moving across the blood vessel wall

MOESM7 of Real-time in vivo imaging of subpopulations of circulating tumor cells using antibody conjugated quantum dots

Additional file 7: Movie M5. 3D microenvironment around the solid tumor. Green: blood vessels, red: cancer cells, white: ECM

Additional file 1: of Detection of residual rifampicin in urine via fluorescence quenching of gold nanoclusters on paper

Supplementary Data

MOESM6 of Real-time in vivo imaging of subpopulations of circulating tumor cells using antibody conjugated quantum dots

Additional file 6: Movie M4. Movement of palettes (red) and CTCs (green) in the blood vessels. For visualization, the trajectories of CTCs are highlighted by green traces in the movie

MOESM5 of Real-time in vivo imaging of subpopulations of circulating tumor cells using antibody conjugated quantum dots

Additional file 5: Movie M3. Movement of CD133+ CTC in the blood vessels. The red signals are from the anti-CD133 conjugated quantum, dots and the green signals are from the CTCs expressing green fluorescent proteins

MOESM2 of Real-time in vivo imaging of subpopulations of circulating tumor cells using antibody conjugated quantum dots

Additional file 2: Movie M1. CD24+ cells (green) are moving in a blood vessel

Actively Controlled Self-Assembly of Colloidal Crystals in Microfluidic Networks by Electrocapillary Forces

We report a simple approach to actively control the formation of the self-assembled colloidal crystals in the microfluidic networks using a combination of electrocapillary forces and evaporation-induced self-assembly. Using this scheme, we can not only selectively fabricate the colloidal crystals in the desired channels, but we can also build colloidal crystals with different optical properties in different channels or in the same channel

Unraveling the Adhesion Behavior of Different Cell Lines on Biomimetic PEDOT Interfaces: The Role of Surface Morphology and Antifouling Properties

The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) interface, renowned for its biocompatibility and intrinsic conductivity, holds substantial potential in biosensing and cellular modulation. Through strategic functionalization, PEDOT derivatives can be adaptable for multifaceted applications. Notably, integrating phosphorylcholine (PC) groups into PEDOT, mimicking the hydrophilic headgroups from cell membranes, confers exceptional antifouling properties on the coating. This study systematically investigated biomolecule interactions with distinct forms of PEDOT, incorporating variations in surface modifications and structure. Zwitterionic PEDOT–PC was electropolymerized on smooth and nanostructured surfaces using various feeding ratios in electrolytes to finely control the antifouling properties of the interface. Precise electropolymerization conditions governed the attainment of smooth and nanostructured filamentous surfaces. The study employed a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) to assess protein binding behavior. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme (LYZ), cytochrome c (cyt c), and fibronectin (FN) were used to evaluate their binding affinities for PEDOT films. FN, a pivotal extracellular matrix component, was included for connecting to cell adhesion behavior. Furthermore, the cellular adhesion behaviors on PEDOT interfaces were evaluated. Three cell linesMG-63 osteosarcoma, HeLa cervical cancer, and fibroblast NIH/3T3 were examined. The presence of PC moieties significantly altered the adhesive response, including the number of attached cells, their morphologies, and nucleus shrinkage. MG-63 cells exhibited the highest tolerance for PC moieties. A feeding ratio of PEDOT–PC exceeding 70% resulted in cell apoptosis. This study contributes to understanding biomolecule adsorption on PEDOT surfaces of diverse morphologies and degrees of the antifouling moiety. Meanwhile, it also sheds light on the responses of various cell types

Global Embodied Energy Flow and Stock Analysis with Endogeneous Fixed Capital

Fixed capital stock functions as an embodied energy storage system that connects economic activities which do not happen simultaneously. This paper constructs a dynamic energy input–output model to analyze embodied energy flows and stocks along both temporal and spatial dimensions from 2000 to 2014. The results show that 2043 exajoule of embodied energy was stored in the global fixed capital stock in 2014, which was about three times the world’s direct energy use. Compared with those in developed countries, the gaps between the dynamic energy footprints and the traditional ones were larger in fast-developing countries. Net embodied energy usually flowed from high-intensity economies to lower-intensity economies, and around 10% of the energy embodied in trade came from depreciation. The dynamic embodied energy indicators provide information for improving energy efficiency and mitigating corresponding problems from the perspective of consumption

Consecutive Gated Injection-Based Microchip Electrophoresis for Simultaneous Quantitation of Superoxide Anion and Nitric Oxide in Single PC-12 Cells

As important reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), cellular superoxide anion (O₂^•–) and nitric oxide (NO) play significant roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Cellular O₂^•– and NO also have a close relationship and always interact with each other. Thus, the simultaneous detection of intracellular O₂^•– and NO, especially at the single-cell level, is important. In this paper, we present a novel method to simultaneously detect and quantify O₂^•– and NO in single cells using microchip electrophoresis based on a new consecutive gated injection method. This novel injection method achieved consecutive manipulation of single cells, guaranteeing an almost constant volumetric flow rate and thus good quantitative reproducibility. After cellular content separation by microchip electrophoresis and detection by laser-induced fluorescence (MCE–LIF), O₂^•– and NO in single PC-12 cells were simultaneously quantified in an automated fashion. This is the first report of consecutive absolute quantitation at the single-cell level. The quantitative results obtained from single cells is beneficial for deep understanding of the biological roles of cellular O₂^•– and NO. This new method constitutes a consecutive, accurate way to study the synergistic function of O₂^•– and NO and other biomolecules in various biological events at the single-cell level