254 research outputs found
DERECHO INTERNACIONAL Y FONDOS BUITRE: EN BUSCA DE SOLUCIONES ALTERNATIVAS
In recent years, there has been growing concern among politicians, the academic world and the general public about the aggressive strategies implemented by 'vulture funds' in sovereign debt markets and their negative effects, especially on the economies of developing countries. In the absence of an international mechanism for the restructuring of sovereign debt, developing countries with financial difficulties and their private creditors must negotiate in good faith to forge a fair and viable restructuring agreement. At the same time, more coordinated action is needed to discourage vulture fund strategies. The use of voluntary codes, the use of Collective Action Clauses with characteristics of aggregation and, as a last resort, the introduction of carefully drafted national legislation against vulture funds should constitute the key elements of such coordinated action.En los últimos años ha crecido la preocupación entre entes políticos, el mundo académico y el público en general sobre las estrategias agresivas implementadas por los ‘fondos buitre’ (‘vulture funds’) en los mercados de deuda soberana y sus efectos negativos, especialmente notorios en las economías de países en desarrollo. En ausencia de un mecanismo internacional para la reestructuración de las deudas soberanas, los países en desarrollo con dificultades financieras y sus acreedores privados deben negociar de buena fe para forjar un acuerdo de reestructuración justo y viable. Al mismo tiempo, se necesita una acción más coordinada para desalentar las estrategias de los fondos buitre. El uso de códigos voluntarios internacionales, el uso de cláusulas de acción colectiva (CAC) con características de agregación y, como último recurso, la introducción de una legislación nacional contra los fondos buitres cuidadosamente redactada debe constituir los elementos clave de tal acción coordinad
CAUSES OF BULLYING, DIFFERENT REASONS FOR BULLYING AND CHARACTERISTICS - IDENTITY OF THE VICTIMS ACCORDING TO THE BULLIES (HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS)
The research presents the results from the completion of a questionnaire exclusively by the participants of the study who have been perpetrators of acts of bullying. The results showed that the bullies to a small extent acknowledged that they became bullies because they felt powerful, because they like to dominate/oppress others, because they wanted recognition of their authority from their classmates, because they were afraid of becoming victims and because they had had previously been victims of bullying (in all cases the average value is equal to 2.0). Also, the results showed that the most important reason that pushed the bullies to bully was some particular characteristic of the victim (Mean=3.0, SD=1.0) and to a lesser extent identity -ethnicity, race, sexual orientation- (Mean=2.0, SD=1.0, Mean=2.0, SD=1.0, Mean=2.0, SD=1.0) respectively. According to the perpetrators, they bullied more often boys (Mean=3.0, SD=2.0), and students of their school (Mean=3.0, SD=2.0). Finally, it emerged that the most frequent form of bullying was derogatory comments (Mean=3.0, SD=2.0) followed by physical violence (Mean=2.0, SD=1.0). Article visualizations
VICTIMIZATION OF STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES OR ADHD (ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER)
The primary research objective of this research has been to investigate the relationship between the victimization of high school students and the existence of learning difficulties and ADHD. 700 students participated (with and without ADHD) who attended Gymnasiums of Western Thessaloniki in which integration departments operated. Participants anonymously completed a questionnaire on bullying. The results we quote here refer to the second part of the questionnaire that is completed only by those students who were victimized. According to the research activity so far, it was expected and finally confirmed that the variable existence of learning difficulties / ADHD is a predictor of the participation of these students in bullying incidents and even with the role of the victim [each increase in the percentage by one point (i.e. by 1 [each increase in the percentage by one point (i.e. by 1%) of the factor of learning disabilities and of the dep with a diagnosis the average value of the variable of a person falling victim to bullying increases by 1.21 points (p<0.001)]. Article visualizations
New technologies for the conservation and preservation of cultural heritage through a bibliometric analysis
Versión aceptadaPurpose
This study aims to analyze the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) on heritage conservation and preservation, and to identify relevant future research trends, by applying scientometrics.
Design/methodology/approach
A total of 1646 articles, published between 1985 and 2021, concerning research on the application of ML and AI in cultural heritage was collected from the Scopus database and analyzed using bibliometric methodologies.
Findings
Our findings have shown that although there is a very important increase in academic literature in relation to AI and ML, publications that specifically deal with these issues in relation to cultural heritage and its conservation and preservation are significantly limited.
Originality/value
This study enriches the academic outline by highlighting the limited literature in this context and therefore the need to advance the study of AI and ML as key elements that support heritage researchers and practitioners in conservation and preservation work.Project WARMEST - loW Altitude Remote sensing for the Monitoring of the state of cultural hEritage Sites: building an integrated model for maintenance, is an H2020 Marie Curie Research and Innovation Staff Mobility Project (H2020- Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions-RISE-2017), online at https://warmestproject.eu
Towards Explainability in Monocular Depth Estimation
The estimation of depth in two-dimensional images has long been a challenging
and extensively studied subject in computer vision. Recently, significant
progress has been made with the emergence of Deep Learning-based approaches,
which have proven highly successful. This paper focuses on the explainability
in monocular depth estimation methods, in terms of how humans perceive depth.
This preliminary study emphasizes on one of the most significant visual cues,
the relative size, which is prominent in almost all viewed images. We designed
a specific experiment to mimic the experiments in humans and have tested
state-of-the-art methods to indirectly assess the explainability in the context
defined. In addition, we observed that measuring the accuracy required further
attention and a particular approach is proposed to this end. The results show
that a mean accuracy of around 77% across methods is achieved, with some of the
methods performing markedly better, thus, indirectly revealing their
corresponding potential to uncover monocular depth cues, like relative size
Defect detection using weakly supervised learning
In many real-world scenarios, obtaining large amounts of labeled data can be
a daunting task. Weakly supervised learning techniques have gained significant
attention in recent years as an alternative to traditional supervised learning,
as they enable training models using only a limited amount of labeled data. In
this paper, the performance of a weakly supervised classifier to its fully
supervised counterpart is compared on the task of defect detection. Experiments
are conducted on a dataset of images containing defects, and evaluate the two
classifiers based on their accuracy, precision, and recall. Our results show
that the weakly supervised classifier achieves comparable performance to the
supervised classifier, while requiring significantly less labeled data
Impact of Hepatitis B Exposure on Sustained Virological Response Rates of Highly Viremic Chronic Hepatitis C Patients
Aim. To evaluate the impact of hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) seropositivity in sustained virological response (SVR) rates in treatment-naïve, chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with high pretreatment viral load (>800000 IU/mL). Methods. 185 consecutive CHC patients (14.4% cirrhotics, 70.2% prior intravenous drug users) treated with pegylated interferon-a2b plus ribavirin, for 24 or 48 weeks based on viral genotype, were retrospectively analyzed. SVR was confirmed by undetectable serum HCV-RNA six months after the end of treatment schedule.
Results. Thirty percent of CHC/HBsAg-negative patients were anti-HBc-positive. Anti-HBc positivity was more prevalent in cirrhotic, compared to noncirrhotic patients (76.9% versus 19.5%, P < .05). Serum HBV-DNA was detected in the minority of anti-HBc-positive patients (1.97%). Overall, 62.1% of patients exhibited SVR, while 28.6% did not; 71.4% of non-SVRs were infected with genotype 1. In the univariate analysis, the anti-HBc positivity was negatively associated with treatment outcome (P = .065). In the multivariate model, only the advanced stage of liver disease (P = .015) and genotype-1 HCV infection (P = .003), but not anti-HBc-status (P = .726), proved to be independent predictors of non-SVR.
Conclusion. Serum anti-HBc positivity does not affect the SVR rates in treatment-naïve CHC patients with high pretreatment viral load, receiving the currently approved combination treatment
Expression dynamics of a cellular metabolic network
Toward the goal of understanding system properties of biological networks, we investigate the global and local regulation of gene expression in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolic network. Our results demonstrate predominance of local gene regulation in metabolism. Metabolic genes display significant coexpression on distances smaller than the average network distance, a behavior supported by the distribution of transcription factor binding sites in the metabolic network and genome context associations. Positive gene coexpression decreases monotonically with distance in the network, while negative coexpression is strongest at intermediate network distances. We show that basic topological motifs of the metabolic network exhibit statistically significant differences in coexpression behavior
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