Meta-Analysis of Studies of <i>GSTP1</i> I105V Polymorphism and Lung Cancer

<p>The horizontal axis is plotted on a log doubling scale.</p

Meta-Analysis of Studies of <i>GSTT1</i> Polymorphism and Lung Cancer

<p>The horizontal axis is plotted on a log doubling scale.</p

Meta-Analysis of Studies of <i>GSTP1</i> A114V and <i>GSTM3</i> Intron 6 Polymorphisms and Lung Cancer

<p>The horizontal axis is plotted on a log doubling scale.</p

Meta-Analysis of Studies of <i>GSTM1</i> Polymorphism and Lung Cancer

<p>The horizontal axis is plotted on a log doubling scale.</p

Meta-Analyses of Studies of Lung Cancer and Five <i>GST</i> Gene Polymorphisms ( <i>GSTM1</i> null, <i>GSTT1</i> null, and <i>GSTP1</i> I105V, <i>GSTP1</i> A114V, and <i>GSTM3</i> intron 6) Grouped by Various Characteristics

<p>Meta-Analyses of Studies of Lung Cancer and Five <i>GST</i> Gene Polymorphisms ( <i>GSTM1</i> null, <i>GSTT1</i> null, and <i>GSTP1</i> I105V, <i>GSTP1</i> A114V, and <i>GSTM3</i> intron 6) Grouped by Various Characteristics </p

Age adjusted and multivariable logistic regression of risk factors for any hospital admissions (compared to none), ≥7 hospital admissions (compared to <7 admissions) and >20 days of hospital stay (compared to ≤20 days) from 1999–2009 in 23,740 men and women aged 40–79 years 1993–1997.

Age adjusted and multivariable logistic regression of risk factors for any hospital admissions (compared to none), ≥7 hospital admissions (compared to 20 days of hospital stay (compared to ≤20 days) from 1999–2009 in 23,740 men and women aged 40–79 years 1993–1997.</p

Expression of transglutaminase-2 (TGM2) in the prognosis of female invasive breast cancer

BACKGROUND: Transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) is a protein expressed in several isoforms in both intra- and extra-cellular tissue compartments. It has multiple functions that are important in cancer biology and several small studies have suggested expression of TGM2 in breast cancers is associated with a poorer prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of intra-cellular and extra-cellular TGM2 expression in breast cancer and to determine whether there were any differences by hormone receptor status.METHODS: We carried out TGM2 immunostaining of tissue micro-arrays comprising 2169 tumour cores and scored these for both intra- and extra-cellular and expression.RESULTS: Intra-cellular (tumour cell) TGM2 positivity was associated with a better prognosis (HR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.59–0.92) with a larger effect stronger in hormone-receptor-negative cases (HR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.37–0.85). Extra-cellular (stromal) TGM2 expression was associated with a poorer prognosis (HR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.06–2.03) with a stronger association in hormone-receptor-positive cases (HR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.09–2.34).CONCLUSION: Tissue compartment and hormone receptor status differences in the effect of TGM2 expression on clinical outcomes of breast cancer may reflect the different functions of TGM2.</p

Expression of transglutaminase-2 (TGM2) in the prognosis of female invasive breast cancer

BACKGROUND: Transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) is a protein expressed in several isoforms in both intra- and extra-cellular tissue compartments. It has multiple functions that are important in cancer biology and several small studies have suggested expression of TGM2 in breast cancers is associated with a poorer prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of intra-cellular and extra-cellular TGM2 expression in breast cancer and to determine whether there were any differences by hormone receptor status.METHODS: We carried out TGM2 immunostaining of tissue micro-arrays comprising 2169 tumour cores and scored these for both intra- and extra-cellular and expression.RESULTS: Intra-cellular (tumour cell) TGM2 positivity was associated with a better prognosis (HR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.59–0.92) with a larger effect stronger in hormone-receptor-negative cases (HR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.37–0.85). Extra-cellular (stromal) TGM2 expression was associated with a poorer prognosis (HR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.06–2.03) with a stronger association in hormone-receptor-positive cases (HR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.09–2.34).CONCLUSION: Tissue compartment and hormone receptor status differences in the effect of TGM2 expression on clinical outcomes of breast cancer may reflect the different functions of TGM2.</p

Descriptive characteristics by alcohol category for women in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort 1993–1997 and hospital admission 1999–2009.

Descriptive characteristics by alcohol category for women in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort 1993–1997 and hospital admission 1999–2009.</p

Alcohol consumption and future hospital usage: The EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study

<div><p>Background</p><p>Heavy drinkers of alcohol are reported to use hospitals more than non-drinkers, but it is unclear whether light-to-moderate drinkers use hospitals more than non-drinkers.</p><p>Objective</p><p>We examined the relationship between alcohol consumption in 10,883 men and 12,857 women aged 40–79 years in the general population and subsequent admissions to hospital and time spent in hospital.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Participants from the EPIC-Norfolk prospective population-based study were followed for ten years (1999–2009) using record linkage.</p><p>Results</p><p>Compared to current non-drinkers, men who reported any alcohol drinking had a lower risk of spending more than twenty days in hospital multivariable adjusted OR 0.80 (95%CI 0.68–0.94) after adjusting for age, smoking status, education, social class, body mass index and prevalent diseases. Women who were current drinkers were less likely to have any hospital admissions multivariable adjusted OR 0.84 (95%CI 0.74–0.95), seven or more admissions OR 0.77 (95% CI 0.66–0.88) or more than twenty hospital days OR 0.70 (95%CI 0.62–0.80). However, compared to lifelong abstainers, men who were former drinkers had higher risk of any hospital admissions multivariable adjusted OR 2.22 (95%CI 1.51–3.28) and women former drinkers had higher risk of seven or more admissions OR 1.30 (95%CI 1.01–1.67).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Current alcohol consumption was associated with lower risk of future hospital usage compared with non-drinkers in this middle aged and older population. In men, this association may in part be due to whether former drinkers are included in the non-drinker reference group but in women, the association was consistent irrespective of the choice of reference group. In addition, there were few participants in this cohort with very high current alcohol intake. The measurement of past drinking, the separation of non-drinkers into former drinkers and lifelong abstainers and the choice of reference group are all influential in interpreting the risk of alcohol consumption on future hospitalisation.</p></div