Tenemos que hablar de Kevin: Una madre, un hijo y un acto

En la hipermodernidad, la violencia asume nuevas formas que llevan el sello de la lógica del no-todo. We Need to Talk About Kevin (Tenemos que hablar de Kevin, 2011) gira en torno a una madre, un hijo y una masacre en una escuela secundaria de un suburbio de los Estados Unidos. Desde una perspectiva lacaniana, se analiza la relación entre Eva (Tilda Swinton) y Kevin (Ezra Miller) —madre e hijo— considerando la versión construida por Eva y yendo más allá de ésta. Asimismo, se plantean interrogantes acerca del acto de violencia ejecutado por Kevin en el contexto de la época del Otro que no existe, caracterizada por el declive del Nombre del Padre y el predominio del empuje al goce

“HABLAR BIEN”: DIMENSIONES SUBJETIVAS, INSTITUCIONALES Y SOCIOCULTURALES DE LAS DISPUTAS SOBRE EL LENGUAJE DE NIÑOS MIGRANTES EN CONTEXTOS DE VULNERABILIDAD SOCIAL

Fil: Otero, Dinorah. Instituto Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud – Fundación Barceló. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnologia; Argentina.Fil: Benegas Loyo, Diego. Instituto Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud. Fundación Barceló; Argentina.Este proyecto examina efectos subjetivos, institucionales y socioculturales de las disputas discursivas sobre el lenguaje de las infancias en poblaciones migrantes en condiciones de vulnerabilización social. Se hace especial foco en las poblaciones urbanas de pueblos originarios. En tanto estudio psicosocial, el proyecto abarca dos ejes simultáneamente: por un lado, se estudia cómo se encarnan en los sujetos los fenómenos sociales vinculados a la segregación; por el otro, cómo los distintos actores sociales se posicionan frente a estos discursos y producen sus posicionamientos subjetivos. Esta perspectiva sincrónica ha requerido, a su vez, de una exploración en el eje diacrónico, que incluye el genocidio de pueblos indígenas e historiza las trayectorias migrantes transgeneracionalmente. La indagación se centra sobre la disputa discursiva respecto del habla y la lengua de la población infantil de familias migrantes, especialmente de pueblos originarios; la misma entrecruza discursos pedagógicos y psicológicos con efectos en la subjetividad infantil

Aromatic amine N-oxide organometallic compounds: Searching for prospective agents against infectious diseases

In search of prospective agents against infectious diseases, 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene pyridine-2-thiolato-1-oxide M(II) hexafluorophosphate compounds [M(mpo)(dppf)](PF6), where M = palladium or platinum, were synthesized and fully characterized in the solid state and in solution using experimental and DFT computational techniques. The compounds are isomorphous and the M(II) transition metal ions are in a nearly planar trapezoidal cis-coordination bound to the pyridine-2-thiolato-1-oxide (mpo) and to the 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene molecules, both acting as bidentate ligands. Both compounds showed high cytotoxic activity on Trypanosoma cruzi and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and acceptable selectivities towards MTB, but good to excellent selectivity index values as anti-T. cruzi compounds. The inclusion of the ferrocene moiety (dppf ligand) improved the selectivity towards the parasite when compared to the previously reported [M(mpo)2] complexes. Related to the probable mechanism of action of the complexes, molecular docking studies on modelled T. cruzi NADH-fumarate reductase (TcFR) predicted that both be very good inhibitors of the enzyme. The effect of the compounds on the enzyme activity was experimentally confirmed using T. cruzi protein extracts. According to all obtained results, both [M(mpo)(dppf)](PF6) compounds could be considered prospective anti-trypanosomal agents that deserve further research.Fil: Rodríguez Arce, Esteban. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Mosquillo, M. Florencia. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Pérez Díaz, Leticia. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Echeverría, Gustavo Alberto. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Piro, Oscar Enrique. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Merlino, Alicia. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Coitiño, E. Laura. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Maríngolo Ribeiro, Camila. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Leite, Clarice Q. F.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Pavan, Fernando R.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Otero, Lucía. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Gambino, Dinorah. Universidad de la República; Urugua

New heterobimetallic ferrocenyl derivatives are promising antitrypanosomal agents

In the search for a more effective chemotherapy for the treatment of Chagas´ disease and human African trypanosomiasis, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei parasites, respectively, the use of organometallic compounds may be a promising strategy. In this work, eight new heterobimetallic compounds are described including four 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones as bioactive ligands (HL1-HL4) and dppf = 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino) ferrocene as an organometallic co-ligand. Complexes of the formula [MII(L)(dppf)](PF6) with M = Pd or Pt were synthesized and fully characterized in the solid state and in solution, including the determination of the molecular structure of four of them by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Most compounds showed activity in the low micromolar or submicromolar range against both parasites, with the platinum compounds being more active than the palladium analogues. Activity was significantly increased by generation of the M-dppf compounds (3-24 fold increase with respect to free ligands HL for T. cruzi and up to 99 fold increase with respect to HL for T. brucei). The inclusion of the organometallic co-ligand also led to lower toxicity in mammalian cells and higher selectivity towards both parasites when compared to the free HL compounds. The complexes interact with DNA and affect the redox metabolism of the parasites. Furthermore, the most active and selective compound of the new series showed no in vivo toxicity in zebrafish embryos.Fil: Rodríguez Arce, Esteban. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Putzu, Eugenia. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Lapier, Michel. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Maya, Juan Diego. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Olea Azar, Claudio. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Echeverría, Gustavo Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Piro, Oscar Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Medeiros, Andrea. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; Uruguay. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Sardi, Florencia. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Comini, Marcelo. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Risi, Gastón. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Salinas, Gustavo. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Abad Villamor, Ana Isabel. Instituto Superior Técnico; PortugalFil: Pessoa, João Costa. Instituto Superior Técnico; PortugalFil: Otero, Lucía. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Gambino, Dinorah. Universidad de la República; Urugua

Risedronate metal complexes potentially active against Chagas disease

In the search for new metal-based drugs for the treatment of Chagas disease, the most widespread Latin American parasitic disease, novel complexes of the bioactive ligand risedronate (Ris, (1-hydroxy-1-phosphono-2-pyridin-3-yl-ethyl)phosphonate), [MII(Ris)₂]·4H₂O, where M═Cu, Co, Mn and Ni, and [NiII(Ris)₂(H₂O)2]·H₂O were synthesized and characterized by using analytical measurements, thermogravimetric analyses, cyclic voltammetry and infrared and Raman spectroscopies. Crystal structures of [CuII(Ris)₂]·4H₂O and [NiII(Ris)₂(H₂O)₂]·H₂O were solved by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The complexes, as well as the free ligand, were evaluated in vitro against epimastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, causative agent of Chagas disease. Results demonstrated that the coordination of risedronate to different metal ions improved the antiproliferative effect against T. cruzi, exhibiting growth inhibition values against the intracellular amastigotes ranging the low micromolar levels. In addition, this strong activity could be related to high inhibition of farnesyl diphosphate synthase enzyme. On the other hand, protein interaction studies showed that all the complexes strongly interact with albumin thus providing a suitable means of transporting them to tissues in vivo.Centro de Química Inorgánic

New heterobimetallic ferrocenyl derivatives are promising antitrypanosomal agents

In the search for a more effective chemotherapy for the treatment of Chagas’ disease and human African trypanosomiasis, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei parasites, respectively, the use of organometallic compounds may be a promising strategy. In this work, eight new heterobimetallic compounds are described including four 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones as bioactive ligands (HL1–HL4) and dppf = 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino) ferrocene as an organometallic co-ligand. Complexes of the formula [MII(L)(dppf)](PF6) with M = Pd or Pt were synthesized and fully characterized in the solid state and in solution, including the determination of the molecular structure of four of them by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Most compounds showed activity in the low micromolar or submicromolar range against both parasites, with the platinum compounds being more active than the palladium analogues. Activity was significantly increased by generation of the M-dppf compounds (3–24 fold increase with respect to free ligands HL for T. cruzi and up to 99 fold increase with respect to HL for T. brucei). The inclusion of the organometallic co-ligand also led to lower toxicity in mammalian cells and higher selectivity towards both parasites when compared to the free HL compounds. The complexes interact with DNA and affect the redox metabolism of the parasites. Furthermore, the most active and selective compound of the new series showed no in vivo toxicity in zebrafish embryos.Instituto de Física La Plat

Synthesis and characterization of new ruthenium complexes with active ligands against Chagas' disease

Chagas' disease, considered incurable, is a major third world parasitosis that affects millions of people in Latin America. Previous work has shown that ruthenium clotrimazole complexes are more active against Trypanosoma cruzi, causative agent of Chagas' disease, than the corresponding free ligand. In this work, the synthesis and characterization of a series of new Ru(II) complexes with different antitrypanosomal active compounds is presented. Complexes of general formulae [RuIICl2(dmso)2L], where dmso=dimethylsulfoxide and L=5-nitro-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone (L1), N4-n-butyl-5-nitro-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone (L2) or 3-(5-nitrofuryl)acroleine semicarbazone (L3), were prepared in good yields by reaction of [RuIICl2(dmso)4] with L in ethanol or toluene solutions. Complexes were characterized by elemental analyses and electronic, FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies. Crystal and molecular structures of [RuCl2(dmso)2L1] and [RuCl2(dmso)2L2] were determined by X-ray diffraction methods. In both crystals the ruthenium metal atom is in a quite similar elongated octahedral environment, equatorially coordinated to the semicarbazone molecule, acting as a bidentate ligand through its azomethynic nitrogen and carbonylic oxygen atoms. The sixfold coordination is completed with the sulfur atoms of two dimethylsulfoxide ligands at cis positions and two chlorine ions at the axial positions. The proposed formula for L3 complex was supported by FTIR, NMR and theoretical studies. NOE-NMR experiments allowed to assign L3 spatial distribution in the complex. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.Fil: Otero, Lucía. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Noblia, Pabla. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Gambino, Dinorah. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Cerecetto, Hugo. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: González, Mercedes. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Ellena, Javier A.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Piro, Oscar Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; Argentin

Cultural Adaptation of a Supportive Care Needs Measure for Hispanic Men Cancer Survivors

Objective. Research with ethnic minority populations requires instrumentation that is cultural and linguistically relevant. The aim of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the Cancer Survivor Unmet Needs measure into Spanish. Methods. We describe the iterative, community-engaged consensus-building approaches used to adapt the instrument for Hispanic male cancer survivors. We used an exploratory sequential mixed method study design. Methods included translation and back-translation, focus groups with cancer survivors (n = 18) and providers (n = 5), use of cognitive interview techniques to evaluate the comprehension and acceptability of the adapted instrument with survivors (n = 12), ongoing input from the project\u27s community advisory board, and preliminary psychometric analysis (n = 84). Results. The process emphasized conceptual, content, semantic, and technical equivalence. Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches offered a rigorous, systematic, and contextual approach to translation alone and supports the cultural adaptation of this measure in a purposeful and relevant manner. Conclusion. Our findings highlight the importance of going beyond translation when adapting measures for cross-cultural populations and illustrate the importance of taking culture, literacy, and language into consideration

Initial Evaluation of the Validity and Reliability of the Culturally Adapted Spanish CaSUN (S-CaSUN)

Purpose: There is a dearth of knowledge and limited research on the needs of Hispanic male cancer survivors (HMCSs). There is a clear need for the development of culturally and linguistically adapted needs assessment tools that are valid and reliable for use among the growing HMCS population. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to describe the field testing and psychometric evaluation of the translated and culturally adapted Spanish Cancer Survivor Unmet Needs Measure (S-CaSUN). Methods: Hispanic male cancer survivors (n = 84) completed the Spanish CaSUN (S-CaSUN), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Population (FACT-GP). Construct validity of the S-CaSUN was assessed by correlation analysis among aforesaid measures. A test-retest procedure with 2-week delay was used to examine reproducibility with a participant subsample (n = 50). Cronbach’s alpha was computed to assess internal consistency of the S-CaSUN. Results: Construct validity of the S-CaSUN was estimated by moderate correlation with the HADS anxiety (r = 0.55, P \u3c 0.001) and depression scales (r = 0.60, P \u3c 0.001) and the FACT-GP (r = − 0.62, P \u3c 0.001). The test-retest correlation coefficient for the S-CaSUN was 0.78. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.96. Field testing yielded a mean S-CaSUN score of 38.3 (SD = 26.2); all needs and positive change items were endorsed. Conclusion: Findings from field testing and preliminary psychometric evaluation of the S-CaSUN provide initial evidence of validity and reliability of the measure and highlight the importance of going beyond translation when adapting measures to take culture, literacy, and language into consideration. Implications for Cancer Survivors: Reliable, culturally, and linguistically valid instruments facilitate identification of unique unmet needs of Hispanic cancer survivors that, in turn, can be addressed with evidence-based interventions. As cancer centers continue to develop survivorship programs, the S-CaSUN may be useful for a growing group of cancer survivors

Electrochemical and ESR study of 5-nitrofuryl-containing thiosemicarbazones antiprotozoal drugs

Cyclic voltammetry and electron spin resonance (ESR) techniques were used in the investigation of several potential antiprotozoal thiosemicarbazones nitrofurane derivatives. A self-protonation process involving the protonation of the nitro group due to the presence of an acidic proton in the thiosemicarbazone moiety was observed in the first step of a CEErev reduction mechanism of these derivatives. ESR spectra of the free radicals obtained by electrolytic reduction were characterized and analyzed. AM1 methodology was used to obtain the optimized geometries and UB3LYP calculations were performed to obtain the theoretical hyperfine coupling constants. The theoretical study exhibited an unusual assignment of the spin densities showing a free radical centered in the thiosemicarbazone moiety rather than the nitro which are in agreement with the experimental hyperfine pattern