Die Ehre, die Katharina nie hatte. Die Rolle der Frau in Heinrich Bölls Die verlorene Ehre der Katharina Blum

Das zentrale Thema der Erzählung Die verlorene Ehre der Katharina Blum von Heinrich Böll handelt von der Macht der Boulevardpresse und wie sich Gewalt aus dieser Macht entwickeln kann. Diese Thematik wird durch das Leben der Hauptfigur Katharina Blum gezeigt, weil sie ein Opfer dieser Macht darstellt. Ihre Figur ist aber auch Opfer einer anderen Macht. Das Patriarchat spielt eine wichtige Rolle in Katharinas Leben und in dem gesellschaftlichen Milieu dieses zeitgenössischen, deutschen Klassikers. Dieser Vortrag analysiert die Figur Katharina Blum hinsichtlich ihrer Darstellung als Frau. Es wird amerikanische feministische Theorie auf ihre Figur, im Besonderen die Archetypen „die Nonne“ und „das Flittchen“ sowie Konzepte von Abhängigkeit und Unabhängigkeit, angewendet Diese Konzepte zeigen bezüglich des Buches eine Hauptfigur, die negative Botschaften von Frauen reifiziert zur gleichen Zeit während sie gleichzeitig versucht die Boulevardpresse zu unterwandern. Die Meta-Analyse des Textes macht deutlich, dass der Text selbst von dem Patriarchat abhängig ist. Statt einer starken weiblichen Hauptfigur besitzt Bölls Katharina keine Macht oder Sexualität, und wird gänzlich abhängig von Männern dargestellt. Der Vortrag zeigt, wie die Darstellung von Macht, Sexualität, und Abhängigkeit die Strukturen von Macht und Patriarchat unterstützt, und warum diese Erzählung solche Strukturen braucht um zu funktionieren. Es wird die Frage gestellt: Wie würde der Text wirken, wenn Katharina ein Mann wäre? Der Aufsatz stellt Katharina in ihren gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhang und analysiert, wie durch die Hauptfigur solche abweisende Haltungen von Frauen und die Strukturen von Macht und Patriarchat verstärkt werden, die diese Lektüre verwendet, um eine andere Macht—die Boulevardpresse–zu stürzen

Inaugural Address: The Island of Hopes and Dreams: Scott Olson 15th President of Winona State University

This document is the inaugural address, titled The Island of Hopes and Dreams, given by Dr. Scott Olson at his inauguration as the 15th President of Winona State University. The inauguration address is dated April 19, 2013https://openriver.winona.edu/presidentspapers/1001/thumbnail.jp

'How warped the mirrors': postmodernism and historiography

Postmodernism, though it may be described in many ways, may be thought essentially to be captured by Lyotard's phrase, 'incredulity towards metanarratives'. The first chapter of my thesis attempts to define both 'postmodernism' and 'historiography', and then surveys historiographical discourse today. Because it is often ancient history that most frequently may be open to radically differing interpretations, I take in chapter two a 'generative' example, namely the speech compositions of Thucydides. This example I consider as 'generative' in the sense that it opens up questions, not only about the History of Thucydides itself and about how Thucydides is conceived in the ancient historiographical tradition, but also about what it means for an historian to disclose the 'truth' of an historical situation. My third chapter takes up the suggestion by Keith Jenkins that postmodern philosophy, particularly the conception of 'truth' and 'knowledge' proffered by Rorty, is a good way for history to acclimatise itself in the postmodern era. I survey Jenkins' proposals, and then discuss a work Jenkins largely ignores, i.e. Rorty's Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature. I demonstrate not just the familiar point that Rorty attempts to overturn 'foundationalist epistemology', and proposes 'new vocabularies' that involve 'hermeneutics' which set up I discourse as 'conversation'. This overturning involves for Rorty an assertion of 'unarbitrability', i.e. that it is impossible to argue that one view is better or more true than another. Thus Jenkins wishes to enter a world of a plurality of interpretations. In chapter four, however, I draw upon the work of Charles Taylor who argues for the necessity of 'arbitrage' in human discourse, whilst still wishing to overturn epistemological foundationalism. I therefore wish to advocate in my fifth chapter a 'third way', drawing on Taylor's theory of interpretation that requires neither a correspondence theory of truth, nor unarbitrability. Throughout the chapter I demonstrate how my conclusions regarding Thucydidean speeches and my discussion of postmodern philosophy may serve as a way of thinking about the task of historians, and hot just ancient historians. I conclude with some theological reflections on the arguments offered

Groping for Intimacy: Modern Man\u27s Pressure and the Onanistic Inversion of Christianity, Marriage, and the Nuclear Family in Three American Novels

Several critics have suggested that modernity\u27s most fundamental theme is autonomy. Yet, few critics have considered Søren Kierkegaard\u27s thought in relation to autonomous notions of freedom, and even fewer literary critics have considered Kierkegaard\u27s vast influence - particularly on twentieth-century American authors - through this thematic lens. Michelle Kosch has argued that Kierkegaard\u27s notion of despair essentially involves the self\u27s misunderstanding of the nature of his freedom, while Samuel Loncar has argued that Kierkegaard\u27s thought in this regard can be traced back through the German Enlightenment to Immanuel Kant\u27s notion of autonomy. Yet, while Kierkegaard offers a fine critique of autonomous notions of freedom in favor of the self\u27s necessity of God\u27s revelation, he ultimately fails to affirm the implications of his own thought for community life. My argument is that the dialectic of freedom and alienation is compellingly relevant for three Kierkegaard-influenced, mid-twentieth century novels which are concerned with a peculiarly American form of individualism. Flannery O\u27Connor\u27s Wise Blood, Walker Percy\u27s The Moviegoer, and John Updike\u27s Rabbit, Run are not only Kierkegaardian in the sense that they depict increasingly alienated protagonists pursuing excessive personal freedoms, they are also Kierkegaardian in that they ultimately lack significant depictions of communal reconciliation between self and other. For the three protagonists - Hazel Motes, Jack Binx Bolling, and Harry Rabbit Angstrom - autonomous notions of freedom degenerate into onanistic forms of identity whereby they manipulate others toward the end of their own fulfillment, producing the waste of both an incoherent, dissatisfying identity, and the inhumane diminishment of others. Instead, this thesis argues that the self must be situated within a sense of communal narrative - one which is particularly capable of producing fruitful, unifying, and generative intercourse between self and other, and calls into question those among us whose freedom or rights would severely undermine it

The Importance of Mineralogy and Grain Compressibility in Understanding Field Behavior of Failures

In this paper, we examine the role of grain mineralogy and compressibility, sample preparation, and shear strain/displacement levels on the shearing behavior of sands using undrained triaxial and constant volume ring shear tests in an attempt to explain some discrepancies observed between field and laboratory behavior. As expected, preparation by moist tamping can produce specimens that are contractive throughout shear, while counterparts prepared using pluviation exhibit dilative behavior at intermediate shear strain/displacement levels (i.e., after initial yield). However, both triaxial and ring shear tests illustrate that some sands consisting of more compressible minerals can exhibit entirely contractive behavior regardless of the sample preparation method. These preliminary tests suggest that laboratory testing of pure quartz sands may result in potentially misleading conclusions regarding the field behavior of mixed mineral soils involved in many liquefaction flow failures and long run-out landslides. Furthermore, grain crushing at larger displacements (larger than those that can be achieved in the triaxial device) results in net contractive response regardless of the sample preparation method or the grain mineralogy. Grain crushing has been observed in shear zones formed during a few well-documented long run-out landslides. The combination of these factors: grain mineralogy and compressibility, particle damage and crushing, and shear zone formation may help to explain some discrepancies observed between field and laboratory behavior of sands

The Effects of Nutrition Package Claims, Nutrition Facts Panels, and Motivation to Process Nutrition Information on Consumer Product Evaluations

In a laboratory experiment using a between-subjects design, the authors examine the effects on nutrition and product evaluations of nutrition claims made (e.g., 99% fat free; low in calories ) on a product package, product nutrition value levels, and enduring motivation to process nutrition information. Enduring motivation is shown to moderate the effects of product nutrition value on consumer evaluations. Also, nutrition claims interact with product nutrition value in affecting consumer perceptions of manufacturer credibility. Given the availability of nutrient levels in the Nutrition Facts panel on the back of the mock package, nutrition claims on the front of the package generally did not affect positively consumers\u27 overall product and purchase intention evaluations. The authors discuss some implications of these findings, suggestions for further research, and study limitations