PHP814022_Supplemental_Appendix_A – Supplemental material for Increasing Student Engagement Within the Core Nutritional Sciences Curriculum: A Gameful Learning Approach

Supplemental material, PHP814022_Supplemental_Appendix_A for Increasing Student Engagement Within the Core Nutritional Sciences Curriculum: A Gameful Learning Approach by Dave Bridges, Rina Hisamatsu and Olivia S. Anderson in Pedagogy in Health Promotion</p

PHP814022_Supplemental_Appendix_B – Supplemental material for Increasing Student Engagement Within the Core Nutritional Sciences Curriculum: A Gameful Learning Approach

Supplemental material, PHP814022_Supplemental_Appendix_B for Increasing Student Engagement Within the Core Nutritional Sciences Curriculum: A Gameful Learning Approach by Dave Bridges, Rina Hisamatsu and Olivia S. Anderson in Pedagogy in Health Promotion</p

Data_Sheet_1_Developing a Framework for Population Health in Interprofessional Training: An Interprofessional Education Module.PDF

Interprofessional education (IPE) is based on the concept that health professional students are best trained on the skills, knowledge, and attitudes that promote population health when they learn with and about others from diverse health science fields. Previously, IPE has focused almost exclusively on the clinical context. This study piloted and evaluated an IPE learning experience that emphasizes population health in a sample of public health undergraduate students. We hypothesized that students who completed the 2-hour online asynchronous module would better understand the value of public health's role in interprofessional teams, the benefit of interprofessional teamwork in improving health outcomes, and the value of collaborative learning with other interprofessional students. Students engaged in pre- and post-training assessments and individual reflections throughout the module. Sixty-seven undergraduate public health students completed the module and assessments. After completion, a greater proportion strongly agreed that students from different health science disciplines should be educated in the same setting to form collaborative relationships with one another (19 vs. 39% before and after completion, respectively). A greater proportion also strongly agreed that care delivered by an interprofessional team would benefit the health outcomes of a patient/client after the training (60 vs. 75% before and after, respectively). Mean scores describing how strongly students agreed with the above two statements significantly increased post-training. A greater proportion of students strongly agreed that incorporating the public health discipline as part of an interprofessional team is crucial to address the social determinants of health for individual health outcomes after taking the training (40 vs. 55% before and after, respectively). There was little change in attitudes about the importance of incorporating public health as part of an interprofessional team to address social determinants of health for population health outcomes, which were strongly positive before the training. Most students reported being satisfied with the module presentation and felt their understanding of interprofessional practice improved. This training may be useful for students from all health disciplines to recognize the benefits of engaging with and learning from public health students and to recognize the important role of public health in interprofessional practices.</p

Physiological Measurement Data

This file contains complete physiological data for fat mass, food intake, VO, VCO, and 9 month body weight for all mice in the study

Glucose Tolerance Test Data

This file contains data from the glucose tolerance test, with measures for glucose and insulin at 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes as well as area under the curve (AUC) measurements for all mice in this study

Body Weights at 3, 6, and 9 Months.

<p>Body Weights at 3, 6, and 9 Months.</p

Lead Exposure Timeline.

<p>Dams were exposed 2 weeks prior to mating and throughout pregnancy. Pups continued exposure post-natally during lactation and via direct exposure in drinking water until weaning at day 22. After discontinuation of Pb exposure, mice were assayed for physiological parameters at 3, 6, and 9 months of age at the Michigan Nutrition Obesity Research Center (MNORC), and sacrificed at 10 months of age.</p

Detection of differential DNA methylation in repetitive DNA of mice and humans perinatally exposed to bisphenol A

<p>Developmental exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) has been shown to induce changes in DNA methylation in both mouse and human genic regions; however, the response in repetitive elements and transposons has not been explored. Here we present novel methodology to combine genomic DNA enrichment with RepeatMasker analysis on next-generation sequencing data to determine the effect of perinatal BPA exposure on repetitive DNA at the class, family, subfamily, and individual insertion level in both mouse and human samples. Mice were treated during gestation and lactation to BPA in chow at 0, 50, or 50,000 ng/g levels and total BPA was measured in stratified human fetal liver tissue samples as low (non-detect to 0.83 ng/g), medium (3.5 to 5.79 ng/g), or high (35.44 to 96.76 ng/g). Transposon methylation changes were evident in human classes, families, and subfamilies, with the medium group exhibiting hypomethylation compared to both high and low BPA groups. Mouse repeat classes, families, and subfamilies did not respond to BPA with significantly detectable differential DNA methylation. In human samples, 1251 individual transposon loci were detected as differentially methylated by BPA exposure, but only 19 were detected in mice. Of note, this approach recapitulated the discovery of a previously known mouse environmentally labile metastable epiallele, <i>Cabp</i>^<i>IAP</i>. Thus, by querying repetitive DNA in both mouse and humans, we report the first known transposons in humans that respond to perinatal BPA exposure.</p

Blood Insulin and Glucose (9 months).

<p>(A) Glucose (mg/dl) measured by a fasting oral glucose tolerance AUC did not differ in either males or females. (B) Insulin (ng/ml) is increased in males at the medium exposure area under the curve (AUC) and (C) Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Calculated from baseline blood insulin and glucose levels, indicates an index of insulin resistance. Males at the medium exposure level show a significant increase in HOMA-IR as over control. Single stars indicate p-values<0.05, when compared to controls. Bars represent standard error.</p

Weekly Body Weight Measurements.

<p>Male offspring across all exposure groups (grams) were weighed. Both medium and high exposure groups are significantly increased in weight across the life course as compared to control mice (in green). Arrows indicate weeks when mice were transferred for physiological parameter testing resulting in stress-induced weight loss. Bars represent 95% confidence intervals. P-values were obtained by adjusting for litter, and the autoregressive structure within mice, and adjusting for week using indicator variables for week of measurement.</p