N=1N=1 supersymmetry and the three loop gauge beta function

We calculate the three loop gauge $\beta$-function for an abelian $N=1$ supersymmetric gauge theory, using DRED. We construct a coupling constant redefinition that relates the result to the corresponding term in the NSVZ $\beta$-function, and by generalising this redefinition to the non-abelian case we derive the DRED three loop gauge $\beta$-function for the non-abelian case.Comment: 6 pages. Uses Harvmac. Minor referencing error and typos correcte

A Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History

Neither economics nor political science can explain the process of modern social development. The fact that developed societies always have developed economies and developed polities suggests that the connection between economics and politics must be a fundamental part of the development process. This paper develops an integrated theory of economics and politics. We show how, beginning 10,000 years ago, limited access social orders developed that were able to control violence, provide order, and allow greater production through specialization and exchange. Limited access orders provide order by using the political system to limit economic entry to create rents, and then using the rents to stabilize the political system and limit violence. We call this type of political economy arrangement a natural state. It appears to be the natural way that human societies are organized, even in most of the contemporary world. In contrast, a handful of developed societies have developed open access social orders. In these societies, open access and entry into economic and political organizations sustains economic and political competition. Social order is sustained by competition rather than rent-creation. The key to understanding modern social development is understanding the transition from limited to open access social orders, which only a handful of countries have managed since WWII.

Assessing somatization in urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome

BACKGROUND: This study examined the prevalence of somatization disorder in Urological Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (UCPPS) and the utility of two self-report symptom screening tools for assessment of somatization in patients with UCPPS. METHODS: The study sample included 65 patients with UCPPS who enrolled in the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain (MAPP) Study at Washington University. Patients completed the PolySymptomatic PolySyndromic Questionnaire (PSPS-Q) (n = 64) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 Somatic Symptom Severity Scale (PHQ-15) (n = 50). Review of patient medical records found that only 47% (n = 30) contained sufficient documentation to assess Perley-Guze criteria for somatization disorder. RESULTS: Few (only 6.5%) of the UCPPS sample met Perley-Guze criteria for definite somatization disorder. Perley-Guze somatization disorder was predicted by definite PSPS-Q somatization with at least 75% sensitivity and specificity. Perley-Guze somatization disorder was predicted by severe (\u3e 15) PHQ-15 threshold that had \u3e 90% sensitivity and specificity but was met by only 16% of patients. The moderate (\u3e 10) PHQ-15 threshold had higher sensitivity (100%) but lower specificity (52%) and was met by 52% of the sample. CONCLUSIONS: The PHQ-15 is brief, but it measures symptoms constituting only one dimension of somatization. The PSPS-Q uniquely captures two conceptual dimensions inherent in the definition of somatization disorder, both number of symptoms and symptom distribution across multiple organ systems, with relevance for UCPPS as a syndrome that is not just a collection of urological symptoms but a broader syndrome with symptoms extending beyond the urological system

Lithium in field Am and normal A-F-type stars

Preliminary abundances of lithium and a few other elements have been obtained for 31 field Am stars with good Hipparcos parallaxes, as well as for 36 normal A and F stars. Radial and projected rotational velocities were determined as well. We examine the Li abundance as a function of the stellar parameters: for normal stars, it is clearly bimodal for Teff < 7500 K, while Am-Fm stars are all somewhat Li-deficient in this range. The most Li-deficient stars - either Am or normal - tend to be at least slightly evolved, but the reverse is not true.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, poster presented at the conference "Element stratification in stars, 40 years of atomic diffusion", eds. G. Alecian, O. Richard and S. Vauclair, EAS Publication Series, in pres

Solvent Deactivation of Mimosa Webworm Larval Webbing (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Untreated larval webbing of the mimosa webworm, Homadaula anisocentra stimulated oviposition. Six-week-old webbing was as active as two-day-old webbing. Stimulatory activity of webbing was lost after rinsing with highly polar solvents, but not after rinsing with nonpolar solvents. Addition of the polar solvent rinses did not induce activity in other substrates nor restore activity to rinsed webbing. No differences in structure were found in a scanning electron microscope examination of unrinsed webbing and webbing rinsed with solvents of varying polarity

From Anti-equilibrium to The Socialist System and Beyond

This essay attempts to understand János Kornai’s works from a political economy perspective. It argues that Kornai has significantly contributed to the formation of a new paradigm of political economy. The main endeavor of Kornai has been the combination of analytical concepts of economics with the empirical description of real economies. After a certain period of theoretical experimentation János Kornai formulated his research program that can be called the shortage economy explanation of the socialist system. The Economics of Shortage and The Socialist System have created a new theoretical paradigm in a framework in which it has become possible to establish a connection between the analytical and empirical, universal and historical aspects of the theory studying the socialist system as a real economic entity. János Kornai has built his analysis of the socialist system on the primary role of politics in the creation of economic institutions. In his present work on capitalism he has extended this thesis to the capitalist system. This seems to be an important contribution of his to a new political economy paradigm that is just in the process of formation

KPD1930+2752 - a candidate Type Ia supernova progenitor

We present spectra of the pulsating sdB star KPD1930+2752 which confirm that this star is a binary. The radial velocities measured from the H-alpha and HeI6678 spectral lines vary sinusoidally with the same period (2h 17m) as the ellipsoidal variability seen by Billeres et al. (2000). The amplitude of the orbital motion (349.3+-2.7 km/s) combined with the canonical mass for sdB stars (0.5 solar masses) implies a total mass for the binary of 1.47+-0.01 solar masses The unseen companion star is almost certainly a white dwarf star. The binary will merge within about 200 million years due to gravitational wave radiation. The accretion of helium and other elements heavier than hydrogen onto the white dwarf which then exceeds the Chandrasekhar mass (1.4 solar masses) is a viable model for the cause of Type Ia supernovae. KPD1930+2752 is the first star to be discovered which is a good candidate for the progenitor of a Type Ia supernova of this type which will merge on an astrophysically interesting timescale.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 4 pages, 2 figures. Added Institutio