Na₂CsBe₆B₅O₁₅: An Alkaline Beryllium Borate as a Deep-UV Nonlinear Optical Crystal

A new deep-UV nonlinear optical crystal, Na2CsBe6B5O15, has been grown through spontaneous crystallization with a molten flux based on Na2O–Cs2O–B2O3. Na2CsBe6B5O15 contains two-dimensional alveolate beryllium borate layers [Be2BO5]∞ that are bridged via planar [BO3] groups. UV–vis diffuse reflectance analysis on a powder sample of Na2CsBe6B5O15 indicates that the short-wavelength absorption edge of Na2CsBe6B5O15 is below 200 nm. Second-harmonic generation (SHG) on the powder sample was measured with a 1064 nm laser using the Kurtz and Perry technique, which showed that Na2CsBe6B5O15 is a phase-matchable material, and its measured SHG coefficient is ∼1.17 times as large as the d36 coefficient of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The relatively larger SHG coefficient of Na2CsBe6B5O15 originates from its shorter distance between the adjacent layers bridged via the small [BO3] groups

Na₂CsBe₆B₅O₁₅: An Alkaline Beryllium Borate as a Deep-UV Nonlinear Optical Crystal

A new deep-UV nonlinear optical crystal, Na2CsBe6B5O15, has been grown through spontaneous crystallization with a molten flux based on Na2O–Cs2O–B2O3. Na2CsBe6B5O15 contains two-dimensional alveolate beryllium borate layers [Be2BO5]∞ that are bridged via planar [BO3] groups. UV–vis diffuse reflectance analysis on a powder sample of Na2CsBe6B5O15 indicates that the short-wavelength absorption edge of Na2CsBe6B5O15 is below 200 nm. Second-harmonic generation (SHG) on the powder sample was measured with a 1064 nm laser using the Kurtz and Perry technique, which showed that Na2CsBe6B5O15 is a phase-matchable material, and its measured SHG coefficient is ∼1.17 times as large as the d36 coefficient of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The relatively larger SHG coefficient of Na2CsBe6B5O15 originates from its shorter distance between the adjacent layers bridged via the small [BO3] groups

Prediction results on CPC2 datasets.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely studied for their important biological significance. In general, we need to distinguish them from protein coding RNAs (pcRNAs) with similar functions. Based on various strategies, algorithms and tools have been designed and developed to train and validate such classification capabilities. However, many of them lack certain scalability, versatility, and rely heavily on genome annotation. In this paper, we design a convenient and biologically meaningful classification tool "Prelnc2" using multi-scale position and frequency information of wavelet transform spectrum and generalizes the frequency statistics method. Finally, we used the extracted features and auxiliary features together to train the model and verify it with test data. PreLnc2 achieved 93.2% accuracy for animal and plant transcripts, outperforming PreLnc by 2.1% improvement and our method provides an effective alternative to the prediction of lncRNAs.</div

Morse wave shapes, time-frequency scalogram and sum of wavelet transform map.

(A) Morse wave shapes, the black line shows the normal distribution, and the remaining-colored lines show their imaginary and real components. (B) Wavelet transform map of an RNA sequence, The highlighted parts of the scalogram show that it has some high electrostatic properties, and the y-axis shows the characteristics at different levels. (C) The column sum of the time spectrum.</p

Accuracy and AUC of wavelet feature classification.

Accuracy and AUC of wavelet feature classification.</p

Prediction on NONCODEv5.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely studied for their important biological significance. In general, we need to distinguish them from protein coding RNAs (pcRNAs) with similar functions. Based on various strategies, algorithms and tools have been designed and developed to train and validate such classification capabilities. However, many of them lack certain scalability, versatility, and rely heavily on genome annotation. In this paper, we design a convenient and biologically meaningful classification tool "Prelnc2" using multi-scale position and frequency information of wavelet transform spectrum and generalizes the frequency statistics method. Finally, we used the extracted features and auxiliary features together to train the model and verify it with test data. PreLnc2 achieved 93.2% accuracy for animal and plant transcripts, outperforming PreLnc by 2.1% improvement and our method provides an effective alternative to the prediction of lncRNAs.</div

Comparison of predicting results.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely studied for their important biological significance. In general, we need to distinguish them from protein coding RNAs (pcRNAs) with similar functions. Based on various strategies, algorithms and tools have been designed and developed to train and validate such classification capabilities. However, many of them lack certain scalability, versatility, and rely heavily on genome annotation. In this paper, we design a convenient and biologically meaningful classification tool "Prelnc2" using multi-scale position and frequency information of wavelet transform spectrum and generalizes the frequency statistics method. Finally, we used the extracted features and auxiliary features together to train the model and verify it with test data. PreLnc2 achieved 93.2% accuracy for animal and plant transcripts, outperforming PreLnc by 2.1% improvement and our method provides an effective alternative to the prediction of lncRNAs.</div

Growth and Characterization of BaGa₄S₇: A New Crystal for Mid-IR Nonlinear Optics

The new nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal BaGa4S7 for the mid-infrared (IR) has been grown by a Bridgman-Stockbarger technique. Polycrystalline materials with stoichiometric composition were synthesized from BaS, Ga, and S as the initial materials by solid-state reactions. The ultraviolet (UV) and IR transmittance of the crystal was determined with polished crystal pieces. The UV and IR optical absorption edges were found to be at 350 nm and 13.7 μm, respectively. From optical measurements of second harmonic generation on powders, the NLO coefficient d33 was determined to be 12.6 pm/V. The laser damage threshold of a single crystal reached about 1.2 J/cm2 at 1.064 μm. The Vickers-hardness value of the crystal is 327.5 HV5, which is equivalent to Mohs’ hardness of about 5

The flow of wavelet feature extraction.

An RNA or DNA sequence is first transformed into a numerical sequence by the translation table, and then a wavelet transform is applied and the result scalogram will be summed by columns. some features are extracted according to certain rules, and finally, all the features are filtered for relevance before being fed to the classifier.</p

The wavelet characteristic distribution by groups.

(A) Z-Score distribution of the 7 Wavelets features in plants. (B) Z-Score distribution of the 7 Wavelets features in animals. The t-test hypothesis test shows that they are all significantly different, with a P-value significantly smaller than .</p