Azobenzene/Acid Binary Systems for Colorimetric Humidity Sensing with Reversibility, High Sensitivity, and Tunable Colors

Humidity sensors are important for humidity detection in many storage and manufacturing processes. Issues like sensibility, response rate, controllability, and material and preparation process costs need to be taken into consideration for practical applications. Herein, we report an investigation on a series of azobenzene/acid binary systems using easily accessible compounds, whose thin films display reversible and widely tunable color changes in response to humidity stimulation, with high sensitivity, fast color change, and recovery speed. The interesting properties for colorimetric humidity sensing are showcased with potential applications in dynamic art painting, smart windows, and respiration monitoring

Azobenzene/Acid Binary Systems for Colorimetric Humidity Sensing with Reversibility, High Sensitivity, and Tunable Colors

Humidity sensors are important for humidity detection in many storage and manufacturing processes. Issues like sensibility, response rate, controllability, and material and preparation process costs need to be taken into consideration for practical applications. Herein, we report an investigation on a series of azobenzene/acid binary systems using easily accessible compounds, whose thin films display reversible and widely tunable color changes in response to humidity stimulation, with high sensitivity, fast color change, and recovery speed. The interesting properties for colorimetric humidity sensing are showcased with potential applications in dynamic art painting, smart windows, and respiration monitoring

Azobenzene/Acid Binary Systems for Colorimetric Humidity Sensing with Reversibility, High Sensitivity, and Tunable Colors

Humidity sensors are important for humidity detection in many storage and manufacturing processes. Issues like sensibility, response rate, controllability, and material and preparation process costs need to be taken into consideration for practical applications. Herein, we report an investigation on a series of azobenzene/acid binary systems using easily accessible compounds, whose thin films display reversible and widely tunable color changes in response to humidity stimulation, with high sensitivity, fast color change, and recovery speed. The interesting properties for colorimetric humidity sensing are showcased with potential applications in dynamic art painting, smart windows, and respiration monitoring

Azobenzene/Acid Binary Systems for Colorimetric Humidity Sensing with Reversibility, High Sensitivity, and Tunable Colors

Humidity sensors are important for humidity detection in many storage and manufacturing processes. Issues like sensibility, response rate, controllability, and material and preparation process costs need to be taken into consideration for practical applications. Herein, we report an investigation on a series of azobenzene/acid binary systems using easily accessible compounds, whose thin films display reversible and widely tunable color changes in response to humidity stimulation, with high sensitivity, fast color change, and recovery speed. The interesting properties for colorimetric humidity sensing are showcased with potential applications in dynamic art painting, smart windows, and respiration monitoring

Azobenzene/Acid Binary Systems for Colorimetric Humidity Sensing with Reversibility, High Sensitivity, and Tunable Colors

Humidity sensors are important for humidity detection in many storage and manufacturing processes. Issues like sensibility, response rate, controllability, and material and preparation process costs need to be taken into consideration for practical applications. Herein, we report an investigation on a series of azobenzene/acid binary systems using easily accessible compounds, whose thin films display reversible and widely tunable color changes in response to humidity stimulation, with high sensitivity, fast color change, and recovery speed. The interesting properties for colorimetric humidity sensing are showcased with potential applications in dynamic art painting, smart windows, and respiration monitoring

Azobenzene/Acid Binary Systems for Colorimetric Humidity Sensing with Reversibility, High Sensitivity, and Tunable Colors

Humidity sensors are important for humidity detection in many storage and manufacturing processes. Issues like sensibility, response rate, controllability, and material and preparation process costs need to be taken into consideration for practical applications. Herein, we report an investigation on a series of azobenzene/acid binary systems using easily accessible compounds, whose thin films display reversible and widely tunable color changes in response to humidity stimulation, with high sensitivity, fast color change, and recovery speed. The interesting properties for colorimetric humidity sensing are showcased with potential applications in dynamic art painting, smart windows, and respiration monitoring

Azobenzene/Acid Binary Systems for Colorimetric Humidity Sensing with Reversibility, High Sensitivity, and Tunable Colors

Humidity sensors are important for humidity detection in many storage and manufacturing processes. Issues like sensibility, response rate, controllability, and material and preparation process costs need to be taken into consideration for practical applications. Herein, we report an investigation on a series of azobenzene/acid binary systems using easily accessible compounds, whose thin films display reversible and widely tunable color changes in response to humidity stimulation, with high sensitivity, fast color change, and recovery speed. The interesting properties for colorimetric humidity sensing are showcased with potential applications in dynamic art painting, smart windows, and respiration monitoring

Azobenzene/Acid Binary Systems for Colorimetric Humidity Sensing with Reversibility, High Sensitivity, and Tunable Colors

Humidity sensors are important for humidity detection in many storage and manufacturing processes. Issues like sensibility, response rate, controllability, and material and preparation process costs need to be taken into consideration for practical applications. Herein, we report an investigation on a series of azobenzene/acid binary systems using easily accessible compounds, whose thin films display reversible and widely tunable color changes in response to humidity stimulation, with high sensitivity, fast color change, and recovery speed. The interesting properties for colorimetric humidity sensing are showcased with potential applications in dynamic art painting, smart windows, and respiration monitoring

RAFT Polymerization of Styrene Mediated by Ferrocenyl-Containing RAFT Agent and Properties of the Polymer Derived from Ferrocene

Two novel reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agents, (ferrocen-1-yl)ethyl benzodithioate (FEB) bearing ferrocenyl moiety in the R group, and benzyl ferrocenecarbodithioxylate (BFEC) bearing ferrocenyl moiety in the Z group, were designed and synthesized, respectively. The FEB and BFEC were then used as the RAFT agents for the controllable polymerization of styrene and their performance in the controllability was investigated respectively. Obtained polystyrenes were labeled as FEB−PS and BFEC−PS respectively. The results indicated that FEB and BFEC could make the polymerization of styrene very controllable, such as, the number-average molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography (Mn,GPC) increases linearly with the monomer conversion, the Mn,GPCs were close to the predicted values (Mn,th), the polydispersity index (PDI) values were less than 1.25, and the chain-extension experiments of the obtained polymer with styrene were successfully carried out etc. The UV−vis absorption, electrochemical behavior and the stability in common organic solvents of the polystyrene with ferrocenyl group attached at the chain ends mediated by two RAFT agents, were further investigated. UV−vis absorption spectra of FEB−PS and BFEC−PS showed typical spectrum of ferrocene with a red shift from 440 to 475 nm and 560 nm, respectively. The electrochemical behaviors of FEB−PS and BFEC−PS were similar to that of ferrocene. E1/2 (E1/2 = (Ep1+ Ep2)/2) of FEB−PS was a negative shift, and E1/2 of BFEC−PS was a large positive shift compared with that of ferrocene. The peak currents of FEB−PS and BFEC−PS gradually dropped with the increase of molecular weight of the polymers. The stability of BFEC−PS and FEB−PS in common organic solvents was in the order of CH2Cl2 > THF > acetone > CHCl3 > DMF. FEB−PS showed better stability than that of BFEC−PS in these solutions. The concentration of the polymers end-capped with ferrocenyl was calculated by the examination of iron contents using atomic absorption spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) measurement, respectively. The results showed that the percentage of polystyrene end-capped with ferrocenyl in BFEC−PS and FEB−PS was about 80% and 70%

Well-Defined Oligo(azobenzene-<i>graft</i>-mannose): Photostimuli Supramolecular Self-Assembly and Immune Effect Regulation

The immune system can recognize and respond to pathogens of various shapes. Synthetic materials that can change their shape have the potential to be used in vaccines and immune regulation. The ability of supramolecular assemblies to undergo reversible transformations in response to environmental stimuli allows for dynamic changes in their shapes and functionalities. A meticulously designed oligo­(azobenzene-graft-mannose) was synthesized using a stepwise iterative method and “click” chemistry. This involved integrating hydrophobic and photoresponsive azobenzene units with hydrophilic and bioactive mannose units. The resulting oligomer, with its precise structure, displayed versatile assembly morphologies and chiralities that were responsive to light. These varying assembly morphologies demonstrated distinct capabilities in terms of inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells and stimulating the maturation of dendritic cells. These discoveries contribute to the theoretical comprehension and advancement of photoswitchable bioactive materials