HUBUNGAN MEROKOK DENGAN AGREGASI TROMBOSIT PADA MAHASISWA DI LINGKUNGAN UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO

Background : Smoking is a risk factor for several diseases. One of the important mechanisms involved is an atherothrombosis process. This process can be initiated by platelet aggregation. Nicotine and other oxidants contained in cigarette smoke may induce excretion of thromboxane’s metabolites and inhibit release of nitric oxide, which have important roles to increase platelet activity. Aim : to prove the correlation between duration of smoking and platelet aggregation, and the correlation between amount of cigarette per day and platelet aggregation in college students at Diponegoro University. Methods : This study was an analytic observasional with cross sectional design. Subject of the study was 22 male smokers among college students at Diponegoro University. The sampling method of this study was consecutive sampling. Platelet aggregation test was conducted using method of peripheral blood smear. Blood sampling was performed after 12 hours of fasting. Data analysis using Pearson test and Spearman test. Results : A total of 22 healthy male smokers of mean age 21±2 years were included. The subjects had smoked an average of 10±6 cigarettes a day for 54±32 months. The mean platelet aggregation was 68±8% which was interpreted as normoaggregation. Analysis result of Pearson test showed no significant correlation between duration of smoking and platelet aggregation (p=0,189, p>0,05). Analysis result of Spearman test showed no significant correlation between amount of cigarette per day and platelet aggregation (p=0,439, p>0,05). Conclusions : There was no significant correlation between duration of smoking and platelet aggregation, and there was no significant correlation between amount of cigarette per day and platelet aggregation. Keywords : Smoking, platelet, aggregatio

STUDI LIFE HISTORY PADA PEREMPUAN DEWASA YANG MENGALAMI PERCERAIAN ORANG TUA AKIBAT PERSELINGKUHAN

Abstrak Perceraian orang tua pada masa anak-anak menjadi adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) atau diartikan sebagai pengalaman traumatis pada anak-anak. Salah satu penyebab perceraian adalah perselingkuhan yang akan berdampak pada hancurnya masa depan anak dan perasaan malu atau rendah diri pada anak. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah dua perempuan dewasa yang mengalami perceraian orang tua di usia 10 tahun dan 16 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi life history. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan metode wawancara semi terstruktur dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perceraian orang tua yang terjadi menyebabkan perubahan kondisi keluarga terutama  berkaitan dengan  hubungan dengan  orang  tua  serta  kondisi  ekonomi  keluarga. Dampak yang dialami subjek memengaruhi pada perkembangan psikologi, sosial dan hubungan percintaan di masa depan. Efek traumatis yang ditimbulkan berdampak dalam jangka panjang terutama berkaitan dengan hubungan percintaan yang dijalani subjek di masa dewasa. Namun, perilaku dan pemikiran positif juga membantu subjek dalam melalui masa sulit akibat perceraian orang tua seperti adanya proses memaafkan dan sikap kemandirian. Kata Kunci: Perceraian orang tua, perempuan dewasa, life history     Abstract Parents’ divorce during childhood becomes adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) or is defined as a traumatic experience for children. One of the causes of divorce is infidelity which will have an impact on the destruction of the child's future and feelings of shame or low self- esteem in children. Participants in this study were two adult women who experienced parental divorce at the age of 10 and 16 years. This study uses a qualitative approach to the study of life history. Research data obtained by semi-structured interview method and analyzed using narrative  analysis.  The  results  showed  that  parental  divorce  caused  changes  in  family conditions, especially related to relationships with parents and family economic conditions. The impact experienced by the subject affects the development of psychological, social and romantic relationships in the future. The traumatic effects caused have an impact in the long term, especially related to the love relationships that the subject undergoes in adulthood. However, positive behavior and thinking also helped the subject in going through difficult times due to parental divorce such as the process of forgiveness and an attitude of independence. Keywords: Parental divorce, woman, life history &nbsp

Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Pewarna Rambut Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus)

Salah satu jenis sediaan kosmetika yang digemari adalah pewarna rambut. Sediaan pewarna rambut adalah sediaan kosmetika yang digunakan dalam tata rias rambut untuk mewarnai rambut asalnya atau dengan warna lain. Faktor zat warna dalam sediaan kosmetika sangat penting, efek pewarnaan yang menarik dan serasi menjadi tujuan utama dari para pengguna kosmetika. Namun kebanyakan pewarna rambut yang saat ini beredar di masyarakat mengandung zat warna sintetik, yang berbahaya jika digunakan dalam jangka waktu yang panjang. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk membuat sediaan pewarna rambut berbahan dasar alam yaitu dari ekstrak kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) sebagai pewarna alami dengan konsentrasi ekstrak kulit buah naga F1 = 8%, F2 = 10%, F3 = 12%. Evaluasi yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini ialah pemeriksaan mutu fisik yang terdiri dari uji organoleptik dan uji pH. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) aman digunakan sebagai pewarna alami sediaan pewarna rambut. Hasil dari uji organoleptik ialah mendapatkan hasil kestabilan yang baik serta penelitian sediaan ini menghasilkan warna rambut dari merah tua hingga merah gelap. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa konsentrasi yang menghasilkan warna terbaik ialah formula 2 yang menghasilkan warna merah keungu-unguan pada rambut. Dan pada uji pH menunjukan angka 4,5-5,0 sesuai dengan pH kulit normal, berdasarkan hasil uji tersebut sediaan pewarna rambut ekstak kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus Polyrizhus) aman digunakan dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak kulit buah naga merah dapat digunakan sebagai pewarna alami pada sediaan kosmetik. Hair dye is one of the many popular types of cosmetic preparations. Hair dye preparation is a cosmetic preparation which is used in hair make-up to dye hairs with their original colors or any colors. Dye is a highly crucial factor in cosmetic preparation, as attractive and matching dyeing effects are the main purpose of the cosmetics users. However, many of the current hair dyes contain synthetic dyes which is potential to cause harmful effects when being used in a long period of time. This study aims to create red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel extract-based hair dye preparation as a natural dye with a concentration of dragon fruit peel extract F1 = 8%, F2 = 10%, F3 = 12%. The evaluation carried out in this study is physical quality control consisting of both organoleptic and pH tests. Findings suggest that red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel extract is safe to use as a natural dye of hair dye preparations. Based on the organoleptic test, the result shows a good stability, and the multiple shades of red dark can be produced by this preparation. Meanwhile, the study shows that formula 2 of the concentration produces the best colors, as it creates purplish red shade on hairs. Other than that, pH test indicates the numbers of 4,5 to 5,0 which is compliant with normal skin pH level. Thus, it can be concluded that red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel extract-based hair dye preparation is proven safe to be applied as a natural dye in cosmetic preparation

The correlation between total quality management with teacher performance in special education

Total quality management (TQM) in education is a management theory that directs service providers to carry out quality improvement programs on an ongoing basis that focuses on achieving customer satisfaction in improving the quality of learning. This aim study analyzed the relationship between total quality management and teacher performance in special education. This research used correlational research with a quantitative methodology. Data analysis techniques in this study were instrument tests (validity and reliability). The sample consisted of 132 respondents, including school principals and teachers. Data collection used questionnaires. The quantitative descriptive analysis technique was then applied to the data. The product-moment correlation was used in the hypothesis testing. The findings demonstrated a strong and favorable correlation between teacher effectiveness and overall quality management

Asuhan Kebidanan Kejadian Erosi Porsio pada Akseptor IUD (Intra Uteri Device) Di RS PKU Muhammadiyah II Yogyakarta

INTISARI Latar Belakang : Kontrasepsi dapat menurunkan angka kesakitan ibu 272.000 atau 38/100.000 perempuan yang memakai alat kontrasepsi (Berisatu, 2013). Berdasarkan SDKI minat masyarakat pengguna IUD menurun dari 4.9 % tahun 2007 menjadi 3.9% tahun 2012 (SDKI,2012). Hal ini diakibatkan salah satu kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat terutama mengenai efek samping dari pemakaian IUD adalah erosi (Diah, 2011). Apabila tidak ditangani dengan benar kasus erosi porsio akan menyebabkan perdarahan. Terdapat 62 aksebtor IUD di RS PKU Muhammadiyah II Yogyakarta, 41,93 mengalami permasalahan erosi porsio. Tujuan : Memberikan asuhan kebidanan, secara komprehensif pada akseptor IUD dengan erosi porsio. Metode Penelitian : Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif studi kasus. Lokasi di RS PKU Muhammadiyah II Yogyakarta. Subyek adalah Ny.E umur 28 tahun akseptor IUD dengan erosi porsio.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer yang didapatkan dari pemeriksaan fisik, wawancara dan observasi langsung dan data sekunder dengan dokumen rekam medik/ catatan perkembangan dan studi kepustakaan. Kesimpulan Hasil Penelitian : penelitian ini dilakukan 4 kali pertemuan pada Ny.E umur 28 tahun akseptor IUD dengan erosi porsio di RS PKU Muhammadiyah II Yogyakarta. Penyebab erosi porsio yaitu gesekan benang IUD. Penatalaksanaan diberikan albothyl 36 % dioles pada erosi dan didiamkan 5 detik, obat berupa Amoxcilin 3x500mg dan vitamin caviplex 3x1 selama 3 hari, KIE mengenai personal hygiene dan informasi terkait dengan IUD serta erosi porsio maka Ny.E dapat sembuh. Pada penelitian tidak terdapat kesenjangan teori dan praktek. Kata Kunci : Erosi Porsio, IUD Kepustakaan : 29 literature, Jurnal 5 ( 2008-2015) Jumlah halaman : ( xi + 61 halaman +10 lampiran

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN MEMECAHKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA BERDASARKAN TAHAPAN JOHN DEWEY DITINJAU DARI KARAKTERISTIK CARA BERPIKIR SISWA

SURYA AULIA MUFIDAH: Analysis of the Ability to Solve Mathematical Problems Based on John Dewey's Stages in View of the Characteristics of Students' Thinking. Thesis. Ponorogo: Mathematics Education Study Program, Muhammadiyah University, 2022. This research aims to analyze the ability to solve mathematical problems based on John Dewey's stages in terms of the characteristics of students' thinking. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research type. The research subjects were taken from class XI MIPA 3 of SMA Negeri 1 Babadan, where each of them selected two subjects from the characteristics of the Sequential Concrete (SK), Sequential Random (SA), Concrete Random (AK), and Random Abstract (AA) types of thinking. The method of data collection in this research was carried out by means of a questionnaire on the characteristics of students' thinking, tests of problem solving abilities, and interviews. All students of XI MIPA 3 were identified with the characteristics of their way of thinking through filling out a questionnaire on the characteristics of their way of thinking. Meanwhile, data regarding problem-solving skills were analyzed from the problem-solving ability test and then confirmed through interviews. Data analysis in this research was carried out with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research indicate that the ability to solve mathematical problems with the characteristics of Sequential Random (SA) and Abstract Random (AA) types of thinking is able to fulfill John Dewey's 5 stages, which include the stages of confront the problem, diagnose or define problem, inventory several solution, conjecture consequences of solution, and test consequences. The ability to solve mathematical problems with the characteristics of the Concrete Sequential (SK) way of thinking only fulfills the stages of confront the problem, diagnose or define problem, inventory several solution and conjecture consequences of solution. Meanwhile, the ability to solve mathematical problems with the characteristics of Concrete Random Type (AK) thinking only fulfills the stage of confront the problem and inventory several solution. Keywords: ability to solve mathematical problems, John Dewey stages, characteristic way of thinkin

Pengaruh Abu Sekam Padi Sebagai Bahan Pengganti Sejumlah Semen Terhadap Kuat Tekan dan Kuat Lentur pada Beton Reaktif (Reactive Powder Concrete)

Kualitas beton dapat ditentukan dari komposisi adukan, jenis bahan, dan cara perawatan. Betonreaktif adalah salah satu jenis beton mutu tinggi yang komposisinya mengandung banyak semendan bahan sangat halus lainnya serta di rawat dengan cara pemanasan. Abu sekam padi yangmengandung senyawa silika juga berpotensi untuk bahan adukan beton reakif.Penelitian ini dilakukan pada variasi presentase abu sekam sebagai pengganti sejumlah semen(0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, dan 40%) dan cara perawatan benda uji prisma 40 x 40 x 160 mm(pemanasan suhu pada 180º, perawatan uap air panas pada 90 º, dan perendaman dalam air).Pengujian kuat lentur pada umur 7 hari dan kuat tekan pada umur 7 hari dan 28 hari. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa kuat lentur optimum 16, 48 MPa diperoleh dari komposisi 10% abusekam dan perawatan uap air panas. Kuat tekan optimum juga diperoleh dari perawatan uap airpanas, namun pada komposisi 30% abu sekam, yaitu 37,54 MPa umur 7 hari dan 54,44 MPa umur28 hari. Dengan demikian abu sekam dapat digunakan untuk bahan pengganti sebagian semendalam komposisi beton reaktif dengan perawatan uap air panas.Kata kunci : beton mutu tinggi, beton reaktif , reactive powder concrete, abu sekam, kuat tekan, kuat lentur

Analisis Teknologi Pembelajaran dalam Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar

This study aims to find out about the extent to which technology plays a role in the continuity of learning in SDN Karang Tengah 11. And to find out what are the advantages and disadvantages of learning technology in the SDN. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. In education, learning using technology carried out by the teacher is very helpful in the learning process. Especially for elementary school students whose characteristics are still at an early development stage, therefore teachers need to use technology as a learning medium so that students are more interested in participating in learning. Teachers also need to understand about technology in the current era so that teachers in Indonesia are not out of date. From the results of the study it was found that the teachers at SDN Karang Tengah 11 had used technology in learning, such as displaying pictures, films, and others using a projector

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN PENDEKATAN REBT DALAM KONSELING KELOMPOK TERHADAP HEDONISME SISWA KELAS XI MIA 1 PUTRI SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 10 SURABAYA

The existence of a school in the middle of the city adjacent to the free world makes the level of hedonism high. So that the formulation of the problem is there any effect of using the rebt approach in group counseling on the hedonism of students. This study aims to determine the effect of using the rebt approach in group counseling on the hedonism of class XI MIA students at SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Surabaya. In this study, a pre-experimental quantitative approach was used in the form of a one-group pre-test post-test design. The population of this research is the students of class XI MIA 1 PUTRI SMAM X Surabaya, with a sample of 8 students of class XI who have a high level of hedonism. The samples were taken through purposive sampling technique with the hedonism scale data collection method. The data analysis method is used by non-parametric statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The level of hedonism of students before being treated in the form of group counseling services with the rebt approach was in the high category with an average score of 85 then after being treated the group counseling service with the rebt approach was in the medium category with an average score of 64. The results of interpretation using the wilcoxon test can be seen Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) is worth 0.012. Where the value of 0.012 is smaller than <0.05, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of group counseling services with a rebt approach on the hedonism of class XI MIA 1 Putri SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Surabaya.Adanya sekolah yang ditengah kota berdekatan dengan dunia bebas menjadikan tingkat hedonisme tinggi. Sehingga rumusan masalah adakah pengaruh penggunaan pendekatan rebt dalam konseling kelompok terhadap hedonisme peserta didik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh penggunaan pendekatan rebt dalam konseling kelompok terhadap hedonisme siswa kelas XI MIA SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Surabaya. Dalam Penelitian memakai pendekatan kuantitatif pra-eksperimental dengan bentuk one grup pre-test post-test design. Populasi penelitian yaitu  siswa kelas XI MIA 1 PUTRI SMAM X Surabaya, dengan sampel 8 siswa kelas XI yang mempunyai tingkat Hedonisme tinggi. Sampel yang diambil dilakukan melalui teknik purposive sampling dengan Metode pengumpulan data Skala hedonisme. Cara analisis data digunakan dengan analisis statistik non parametrik menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon. Tingkat hedonisme siswa sebelum diberi perlakuan berupa layanan konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan rebt berada kategori tinggi dengan rata-rata skor 85 kemudian setelah diberi perlakuan layanan konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan rebt berada kategori sedang dengan skor rata-rata sebesar 64. Hasil intepretasi menggunakan uji wilcoxon dapat diketahui Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) bernilai 0,012. Dimana nilai 0,012 lebih kecil dari <0,05, maka dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh yang signifikan layanan konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan rebt terhadap hedonisme siswa kelas XI MIA 1 Putri SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Surabaya