ON-BOARD ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR FAILURE DETECTION AND SAFE TRAJECTORY GENERATION

The use of autonomous flight vehicles has recently increased due to their versatility and capability of carrying out different type of missions in a wide range of flight conditions. Adequate commanded trajectory generation and modification, as well as high-performance trajectory tracking control laws have been an essential focus of researchers given that integration into the National Air Space (NAS) is becoming a primary need. However, the operational safety of these systems can be easily affected if abnormal flight conditions are present, thereby compromising the nominal bounds of design of the system\u27s flight envelop and trajectory following. This thesis focuses on investigating methodologies for modeling, prediction, and protection of autonomous vehicle trajectories under normal and abnormal flight conditions. An Artificial Immune System (AIS) framework is implemented for fault detection and identification in combination with the multi-goal Rapidly-Exploring Random Tree (RRT*) path planning algorithm to generate safe trajectories based on a reduced flight envelope. A high-fidelity model of a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle is used to demonstrate the capabilities of the approach by timely generating safe trajectories as an alternative to original paths, while integrating 3D occupancy maps to simulate obstacle avoidance within an urban environment

Plan de negocios: sánduches substantial

Substantial is a business, dedicated to manufacture and commercialization of nutritive and healthy hot subs, that would a fast food alternative in a lunch time, especially focused on young business people range 24 to 40 years old, that are already worried about the food they are eating. From the market research for the current business plan, it determined that a potential market between 700.000 people that they had been search options on fast food exists, but healthy on the same time, they had no found any on the market, enough reason for the current business plan will focus specially on satisfy this unattended needed because of the current companies on the market.Substantial es una empresa, dedicada a la producción y comercialización de sánduches calientes, nutritivos y saludables, que sean una alternativa de comida rápida para la hora del almuerzo, principalmente para los ejecutivos jóvenes de entre 24 a 40 años, que se encuentran preocupados por los alimentos que ingieren. De los estudios de mercado realizados para el presente plan de negocios, se determinó que existe un mercado potencial de alrededor de 700.000 personas que han buscado opciones de comida rápida, pero que al mismo tiempo sea saludable, y que no han encontrado ninguna, razón por la cual el presente plan de negocios se enfocará principalmente en satisfacer esta necesidad desatendida por las empresas participantes en el mercado

Z-Axis Meandering Patch Antenna and Fabrication Thereof

Apparatus and techniques described herein can include antenna configurations and related fabrication. For example, a Z-axis meandering antenna configuration can be fabri­cated, such as by forming a dielectric substrate extending in two dimensions and defining an undulating region extending out of a plane defined by the two dimensions; and forming at least one conductive region following a contour of the dielectric substrate including at least a portion of the undu­lating region. The at least one conductive region can follow the contour of the dielectric substrate, such as including a first conductive region on a first layer, and a second con­ductive region on another layer separate from the first conductive region of the first conductive layer

Planificación estratégica y calidad educativa en el Instituto de Educación Superior Pedagógico Privado José Carlos Mariátegui de Lima

El propósito de la investigación fue determinar la relación que existe entre la planificación estratégica y la calidad educativa en el Instituto de Educación Superior Pedagógico Privado José Carlos Mariátegui de Lima. Para tal efecto, se realizó una investigación de enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño correlacional, la población estuvo conformado por 150 personas y la muestra fue no probabilística de 50 personas, a quienes se les aplicó el cuestionario de la planificación estratégica y el cuestionario de la calidad educativa, utilizando la técnica de la encuesta, el procesamiento estadístico y los resultados evidenciaron: que existe relación significativa entre la planificación estratégica y la calidad educativa en el Instituto de Educación Superior Pedagógico Privado José Carlos Mariátegui de Lima. Determinado por el Rho de Spearman = 0.964, frente al grado de significación p < 0.05.Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y ValleTesi

Use of a simplified serial physical examinations in the approach of newborns older than 35 weeks’ gestation at risk of early-onset sepsis, at a public hospital in Peru

El manejo del recién nacido en riesgo de sepsis de inicio temprano es objeto de constantes revisiones y estudios clínicos para reducir la exposición innecesaria a antibióticos. Existe evidencia clara de que un enfoque basado en realizar un examen físico seriado durante las primeras 48 horas a recién nacidos con factores de riesgo para sepsis neonatal temprana es una estrategia segura y disminuye la tasa de exposición a antibióticos, el número de análisis auxiliares realizados, sin retrasar el inicio de antibiótico en aquellos con diagnóstico final de sepsis neonatal, y sin eventos adversos asociados. El presente estudio es un estudio transversal analítico que tiene como objetivo evaluar el impacto de la introducción del examen físico seriado, como parte de una nueva guía de práctica clínica, en el abordaje inicial de los recién nacidos mayores de 35 semanas en riesgo de sepsis temprana, sobre el uso de antibióticos y de exámenes auxiliares de laboratorio, en el Hospital Cayetano Heredia. Se recolectará data del libro de registro de recién nacidos de la unidad de atención inmediata neonatal. Luego de la identificación de los pacientes en riesgo de sepsis, se revisarán las historias clínicas para recolectar la información de estudio. Se expresará la información descriptiva en medidas de tendencia central según las características de las variables y las diferencias entre grupos serán analizadas con los Test de Mann-Whitney y Test “t” para las variables continuas, y Test exacto de Fisher o Chi-cuadrado para variables categóricas

Estudio de optimización de la utilización de energía eléctrica en florícolas

The results of the technical-economic optimization of the use electric energy in the flower field are presented. Identifying the ways of lighting forms and lighting systems that is used the most, determination the reasons of usage of lighting on the flower industry. Establishing the lumens needed in the process of correct maturing of the flowers and taking measurements of lumens of the lighting systems testing by zones, accomplish the correct use of the energetic resources and base on, the effects, technical and economical consequences for the flower company and the society settle. Taking as samples two plantations located in Pichincha province. The optimization costs, the energetic and economic benefits were evaluated, representing the results of the economic study of sensibility to determine the recommended levels for the optimization for the use of electrical energy in the flower company for different interest rates. Establishing the benefits for the flower company and the country, finally, the conclusion and recommendation are presented.Se presentan los resultados del estudio de optimización técnicoeconómico del uso de la energía eléctrica en florícolas. Se identifican las formas de uso de la iluminación y los sistemas de iluminación más utilizados; se determina las razones del uso de iluminación en florícolas, se establecen los lúmenes necesarios para que una flor cumpla su proceso de maduración correctamente, y se realizan mediciones de lúmenes en los sistemas de iluminación a prueba por zonas, se determina un uso más apropiado del recurso energético, y sobre esa base, se encuentran los efectos, consecuencias técnicas y económicas para las florícolas, y para la sociedad, tomando como muestra dos plantaciones ubicadas en la provincia de Pichincha. Se evalúan los costos de la optimización, los beneficios energéticos y económicos, se presentan los resultados del estudio económico de sensibilidad para determinar los niveles recomendables para la optimización del uso de energía eléctrica en florícolas para diferentes tasas del interés; se establecen los beneficios para la empresa florícola, y para el país; finalmente se presentan conclusiones y recomendacionesVictor Orejuel

Characterization of microsatellites identified by next-generation sequencing in the neotropical tree Handroanthus billbergii (Bignoniaceae)

Premise of the study: We developed microsatellite (simple sequence repeat [SSR]) markers in the Neotropical tree Handroanthus billbergii (Bignoniaceae), to be applied in assessment of genetic diversity in this species as a reference for inferring the impact of dry forest fragmentation in Ecuador. Methods and Results: Using next-generation sequencing, we detected a total of 26,893 putative SSRs reported here. Using an ABI 3500xl sequencer, we identified and characterized a set of polymorphic markers in 23 individuals belonging to three populations of H. billbergii. Conclusions: We report a set of 30 useful SSR markers for H. billbergii and a large list of potential microsatellites for developing new markers for this or related species. (Résumé d'auteur

Characterizing Olive Grove Canopies by Means of Ground-Based Hemispherical Photography and Spaceborne RADAR Data

One of the main strengths of active microwave remote sensing, in relation to frequency, is its capacity to penetrate vegetation canopies and reach the ground surface, so that information can be drawn about the vegetation and hydrological properties of the soil surface. All this information is gathered in the so called backscattering coefficient (σ0). The subject of this research have been olive groves canopies, where which types of canopy biophysical variables can be derived by a specific optical sensor and then integrated into microwave scattering models has been investigated. This has been undertaken by means of hemispherical photographs and gap fraction procedures. Then, variables such as effective and true Leaf Area Indices have been estimated. Then, in order to characterize this kind of vegetation canopy, two models based on Radiative Transfer theory have been applied and analyzed. First, a generalized two layer geometry model made up of homogeneous layers of soil and vegetation has been considered. Then, a modified version of the Xu and Steven Water Cloud Model has been assessed integrating the canopy biophysical variables derived by the suggested optical procedure. The backscattering coefficients at various polarized channels have been acquired from RADARSAT 2 (C-band), with 38.5° incidence angle at the scene center. For the soil simulation, the best results have been reached using a Dubois scattering model and the VV polarized channel (r2 = 0.88). In turn, when effective LAI (LAIeff) has been taken into account, the parameters of the scattering canopy model are better estimated (r2 = 0.89). Additionally, an inversion procedure of the vegetation microwave model with the adjusted parameters has been undertaken, where the biophysical values of the canopy retrieved by this methodology fit properly with field measured values

Evaluation of a new equation for estimating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol through the comparison with various recommended methods

Introduction: The accurate estimation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) is crucial for management of patients at risk of cardiovascular events due to dyslipidemia. The LDL is typically calculated using the Friedewald equation and/or direct homogeneous assays. However, both methods have their own limitations, so other equations have been proposed, including a new equation developed by Sampson. The aim of this study was to evaluate Sampson equation by comparing with the Friedewald and Martin-Hopkins equations, and with a direct LDL method. Materials and methods: Results of standard lipid profile (total cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and triglycerides (TG)) were obtained from two anonymized data sets collected at two laboratories, using assays from different manufacturers (Beckman Coulter and Roche Diagnostics). The second data set also included LDL results from a direct assay (Roche Diagnostics). Passing-Bablok and Bland-Altman analysis for method comparison was performed. Results: A total of 64,345 and 37,783 results for CHOL, HDL and TG were used, including 3116 results from the direct LDL assay. The Sampson and Friedewald equations provided similar LDL results (difference ≤ 0.06 mmol/L, on average) at TG ≤ 2.0 mmol/L. At TG between 2.0 and 4.5 mmol/L, the Sampson-calculated LDL showed a constant bias (- 0.18 mmol/L) when compared with the Martin-Hopkins equation. Similarly, at TG between 4.5 and 9.0 mmol/L, the Sampson equation showed a negative bias when compared with the direct assay, which was proportional (- 16%) to the LDL concentration. Conclusions: The Sampson equation may represent a cost-efficient alternative for calculating LDL in clinical laboratories

Towards a method to quantitatively measure toolchain interoperability in the engineering lifecycle: A case study of digital hardware design

The engineering lifecycle of cyber-physical systems is becoming more challenging than ever. Multiple engineering disciplines must be orchestrated to produce both a virtual and physical version of the system. Each engineering discipline makes use of their own methods and tools generating different types of work products that must be consistently linked together and reused throughout the lifecycle. Requirements, logical/descriptive and physical/analytical models, 3D designs, test case descriptions, product lines, ontologies, evidence argumentations, and many other work products are continuously being produced and integrated to implement the technical engineering and technical management processes established in standards such as the ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 "Systems and software engineering-System life cycle processes". Toolchains are then created as a set of collaborative tools to provide an executable version of the required technical processes. In this engineering environment, there is a need for technical interoperability enabling tools to easily exchange data and invoke operations among them under different protocols, formats, and schemas. However, this automation of tasks and lifecycle processes does not come free of charge. Although enterprise integration patterns, shared and standardized data schemas and business process management tools are being used to implement toolchains, the reality shows that in many cases, the integration of tools within a toolchain is implemented through point-to-point connectors or applying some architectural style such as a communication bus to ease data exchange and to invoke operations. In this context, the ability to measure the current and expected degree of interoperability becomes relevant: 1) to understand the implications of defining a toolchain (need of different protocols, formats, schemas and tool interconnections) and 2) to measure the effort to implement the desired toolchain. To improve the management of the engineering lifecycle, a method is defined: 1) to measure the degree of interoperability within a technical engineering process implemented with a toolchain and 2) to estimate the effort to transition from an existing toolchain to another. A case study in the field of digital hardware design comprising 6 different technical engineering processes and 7 domain engineering tools is conducted to demonstrate and validate the proposed method.The work leading to these results has received funding from the H2020-ECSEL Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 826452-“Arrowhead Tools for Engineering of Digitalisation Solutions” and from specific national programs and/or funding authorities. Funding for APC: Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (Read & Publish Agreement CRUE-CSIC 2023)