1,013 research outputs found
Lung volume reduction surgery and lung transplantation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Medical treatment of emphysema does not alter the natural progression of the disease. Surgical techniques are an attractive conceptual approach to treat hyperinflation in these patients. Lung volume reduction surgery and lung transplantation are appropriate therapeutic options for a selected population with emphysema. We will review the available evidence to support these approaches
The Analysis of interactive media and digital culture - hypermedia literacy in Peru and Bolivia
El trabajo se centra en las formas en que interfaces multimedia interactivas e hipermedia han cambiado las dinámicas clásicas de la comunicación y educación humanas creando un nuevo paradigma. Éste se origina en la interfaz, al permitir la multidireccionalidad comunicativa multimedia mediante la interacción con los elementos que la componen. Esta investigación describe los diferentes elementos estéticos, narrativos, emocionales y de valores integrados en las interfaces hipermedia culturales. Dichos elementos hipermedia son componentes fundamentales a tomar en cuenta durante la creación de productos multimedia interactivos educativos. Las funciones comunicativas son cambiantes entre emisor-receptor: autor-lecto-autor, creador-usuario, profesor-alumno... gracias a la introducción de expresiones multimedia interactivas e instrumentos tecnológicos que permiten distintos tipos de interacciones. Esta flexibilidad funcional genera nuevos modelos comunicativos así como dramáticos, de narrativa interactiva, donde la interacción de los receptores-emisores, lecto-autores, con las acciones narrativas se produce a nivel del personaje o avatar. Los componentes estéticos, narrativos, emocionales y de valores de la interfaz son estudiados, analizados y descritos en detalle gracias a un modelo innovador de análisis que sirve para la implementación y diseño de productos interactivos lúdico-educativos inmersivos. La aplicación de este modelo ayudó a la creación de interfaces de contenido cultural, permitiendo desarrollar no solo talleres educativos interactivos en Estados Unidos, Perú y Bolivia para más de 200 estudiantes, sino también una comunicación inmersiva multisensorial de calidad.This paper compiles data on how the use of hypermedia, interactive multimedia and interfaces have changed the classical dynamics of human communications and education to create a new paradigm. This paradigm originates in the interface since it allows multidirectional and multimedia communications through interactions with the elements of which it is composed. This research describes the different aesthetic, narrative, emotional and value elements that are integrated within the cultural hypermedia interfaces. These hypermedia elements are fundamental components to be taken into account in the creation of educational interactive media products. The communicative functions are interchangeable between sender-receptor, author-reader-author, creator-user, professor-student... thanks to the introduction of multimedia interactive expressions and technological instruments that allow several types of interactions. This flexible functionality generates new communicative as well as dramatic models of interactive narrative, where the interaction of receptors-senders and reader-authors with the narrative actions occur at the character or avatar level. The interfacial aesthetic, narrative, emotional and value elements are studied, analyzed and described in detail thanks to an innovative model of analysis that can be used to for the implementation and design of interactive edutainment media products. The application of this model helped to create cultural content interfaces enabling not only the development of interactive educational workshops in the USA, Peru and Bolivia for more than 200 students, but also multisensory and immersive communications with quality
Occupational burnout and empathy influence blood pressure control in primary care physicians
Background: Good physician-patient communication can favor the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits, which is essential in high blood pressure (BP) management. More empathic physicians tend to have lower burnout and better communication skills. We analyzed the association between burnout and empathy among primary care physicians and nurses and investigated the influence on BP control performance. Methods: Descriptive study conducted in 2014 investigating burnout and empathy levels in 267 primary care physicians and nurses and BP control data for 301,657 patients under their care. We administered the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy and defined good BP control as a systolic BP <130 mmHg. Results: Low burnout and high empathy were observed in 58.8% and 33.7% of practitioners, respectively. Burnout and empathy were significantly negatively associated (p < 0.009). Practitioners with high empathy and low burnout had significantly better BP control and performance than those with low empathy and high burnout (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Low burnout and high empathy were significantly associated with improved BP control and performance, possibly in relation to better physician/nurse-patient communication. Keywords: Hypertension, Primary Care, Bioethics, Doctor-Patient Relation, Faculty Developmen
Association between low empathy and high burnout among primary care physicians and nurses in Lleida, Spain
Background: Burnout is a growing problem among healthcare professionals and may be mitigated
and even prevented by measures designed to promote empathy and resilience.
Objectives: We studied the association between burnout and empathy in primary care practitioners
in Lleida, Spain and investigated possible differences according to age, sex, profession,
and place of practice (urban versus rural).
Methods: All general practitioners (GPs) and family nurses in the health district of Lleida (population
366 000) were asked by email to anonymously complete the Maslach Burnout Inventory
(MBI) and the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) between May and July 2014. Tool consistency
was evaluated by Cronbach’s a, the association between empathy and burnout by
Spearman’s correlation coefficient, and the association between burnout and empathy and sociodemographic
variables by the v2 test.
Results: One hundred and thirty-six GPs and 131 nurses (52.7% response rate) from six urban
and 16 rural practices participated (78.3% women); 33.3% of respondents had low empathy,
while 3.7% had high burnout. The MBI and JSPE were correlated (P<.001) and low burnout was
associated with high empathy (P<.05). Age and sex had no influence on burnout or empathy.
Conclusion: Although burnout was relatively uncommon in our sample, it was associated with
low levels of empathy. This finding and our observation of lower empathy levels in rural settings
require further investigation
Finding the optimal time window for increased classification accuracy during motor imagery
Motor imagery classification using electroencephalography is based on feature extraction over a length of
time, and different configurations of settings can alter the performance of a classifier. Nevertheless, there
is a lack of standardized settings for motor imagery classification. This work analyzes the effect of age on
motor imagery training performance for two common spatial pattern-based classifier pipelines and various
configurations of timing parameters, such as epochs, windows, and offsets. Results showed significant (p
≤ 0.01) inverse correlations between performance and feature quantity, as well as between performance and
epoch/window ratio.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Descriptive study of association between quality of care and empathy and burnout in primary care
The doctor-patient relationship is a crucial aspect of primary-care practice Research on associations between quality of care provision and burnout and empathy in a primary care setting could improve this relationship.Language revision and translation was done thanks to economic support of the Primary Care Research Instiute of Catalunya (IDIAP)
Preparation of Palladium-Supported Periodic Mesoporous Organosilicas and their Use as Catalysts in the Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reaction
Three periodic mesoporous materials, i.e., two organosilicas with either ethylene
or phenylene bridges and one silica, have been used as supports for Pd nanoparticles. All
Pd-supported samples (1.0 wt%) were prepared by the incipient wetness method and
subsequently reduced in an H2 stream at 200 °C. Both hydrogen chemisorption and
temperature programmed reduction experiments revealed significant differences depending
on the support. Pd2+ species were more reducible on the mesoporous organosilicas than on
their silica counterpart. Also, remarkable differences on the particle morphology were
observed by transmission electron microscopy. All Pd-supported samples were active in
the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction between bromobenzene and phenylboronic aci
Impact of age, VR, immersion, and spatial resolution on classifier performance for a MI-based BCI
There are many factors outlined in the signal processing pipeline that impact brain–computer
interface (BCI) performance, but some methodological factors do not depend on signal processing.
Nevertheless, there is a lack of research assessing the effect of such factors. Here, we investigate the
impact of VR, immersiveness, age, and spatial resolution on the classifier performance of a Motor
Imagery (MI) electroencephalography (EEG)-based BCI in naïve participants. We found significantly
better performance for VR compared to non-VR (15 electrodes: VR 77.48 ± 6.09%, non-VR
73.5 ± 5.89%, p = 0.0096; 12 electrodes: VR 73.26 ± 5.2%, non-VR 70.87 ± 4.96%, p = 0.0129; 7
electrodes: VR 66.74 ± 5.92%, non-VR 63.09 ± 8.16%, p = 0.0362) and better performance for higher
electrode quantity, but no significant differences were found between immersive and non immersive VR. Finally, there was not a statistically significant correlation found between age and
classifier performance, but there was a direct relation found between spatial resolution (electrode
quantity) and classifier performance (r = 1, p = 0.0129, VR; r = 0.99, p = 0.0859, non-VR).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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