547 research outputs found

    Introduction

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    Two years of COVID-19 in the MS community: What have we learnt so far?

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    Chitinases and chitinase-like proteins as biomarkers in neurologic disorders

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    Esclerosi múltiple; Malaltia d'Alzheimer; Esclerosi lateral amiotròficaEsclerosis múltiple; Enfermedad de alzheimer; Esclerosis lateral amiotróficaMultiple sclerosis; Alzheimer's disease; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosisChitinases are hydrolytic enzymes widely distributed in nature. Despite their physiologic and pathophysiologic roles are not well understood, chitinases are emerging as biomarkers in a broad range of neurologic disorders, where in many cases, protein levels measured in the CSF have been shown to correlate with disease activity and progression. In this review, we will summarize the structural features of human chitinases and chitinase-like proteins and their potential physiologic and pathologic functions in the CNS. We will also review existing evidence for the role of chitinases and chitinase-like proteins as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in inflammatory, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders. Finally, we will comment on future perspectives of chitinase studies in neurologic conditions.No targeted funding reported

    Empreses i pluralisme informatiu

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    Empreses i pluralisme informati

    MiRNA-based therapeutic potential in multiple sclerosis

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    Biomarkers; MicroRNAs; Multiple sclerosisBiomarcadors; MicroRNAs; Esclerosi mĂşltipleBiomarcadores; MicroRNAs; Esclerosis mĂşltipleThis review will briefly introduce microRNAs (miRNAs) and dissect their contribution to multiple sclerosis (MS) and its clinical outcomes. For this purpose, we provide a concise overview of the present knowledge of MS pathophysiology, biomarkers and treatment options, delving into the role of selectively expressed miRNAs in clinical forms of this disease, as measured in several biofluids such as serum, plasma or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Additionally, up-to-date information on current strategies applied to miRNA-based therapeutics will be provided, including miRNA restoration therapy (lentivirus expressing a specific type of miRNA and miRNA mimic) and miRNA inhibition therapy such as antisense oligonucleotides, small molecules inhibitors, locked nucleic acids (LNAs), anti-miRNAs, and antagomirs. Finally, it will highlight future directions and potential limitations associated with their application in MS therapy, emphasizing the need for improved delivery methods and validation of therapeutic efficacyThe author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. SM was supported by the grant from Instituto Salud Carlos III (PI20/01697) and cofunded by the European Union

    A plain language summary on assessing the long-term effectiveness of cladribine tablets in people living with relapsing multiple sclerosis: The CLASSIC-MS study

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    Cladribina; Multiple sclerosis; RelapsesCladribina; Esclerosi mĂşltiple; RecaigudesCladribina; Esclerosis mĂşltiple; RecaĂ­dasWhat is this summary about? Previous studies have shown that people living with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with cladribine tablets have fewer relapses (where new symptoms occur or existing symptoms get worse for 24 hours or more) and delayed disability progression (slowing down of the disease getting worse). The CLASSIC-MS study looked at the long-term effectiveness of treatment with cladribine tablets in people living with MS who had taken part in the original CLARITY and CLARITY Extension clinical studies. What were the results? Results showed that people treated with cladribine tablets maintained their mobility (the ability to move freely) for longer and experienced other positive effects long after their treatment ended, including being less likely to need further treatment for their MS. What do the results mean? The results obtained from CLASSIC-MS show that the benefits of taking cladribine tablets carry on even when patients stop taking the treatment
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