Factors influencing the occurrence of forest offenses in a Peninsular Malaysia state

A study was conducted in one of the states of Peninsular Malaysia to observe the trends and identity factors associated with the occurrence of forest offenses during the period from 1981 to 1992. Data and information on forest offenses, price of logs, size of forest areas, and number of enforcement officers were collected from various sources including the records and annual reports of the State Forestry Department, and MASKAYU bulletin published by the Malaysian Timber Industry Board. Correlation and regression analyses were carried out to determine the relationships between forest offenses and price of logs, size of forest area and number of enforcement officers. The number of forest offenses in the state shows a decreasing trend. Illegal logging which is a form of forest offense constitutes the highest percentage in all the years during the study period. Of the three factors investigated, only the price of logs correlated significantly with forest offenses. The price of logs is inversely correlated with forest offenses. The regression models developed show the relationships between the number of offenses and the price of logs as follows: For number of forest offenses p = 0.02 and for number of illegal logging cases p = 0.03. Further studies should be conducted to better understand other factors like penalties that influence forest offenses

Fertilization of food waste management in UTHM’s cafeteria using arduino

Everyday food is consumed by humans for survival and basic needs for daily consumption. When humans eat food, there will be waste such as unfinished food or bones. With increasing food waste on earth, it can cause many kinds of diseases if the waste is not managed properly. Tons of food waste are created yearly on earth. To overcome the food waste problem, composting was introduced so we can recycle the food waste into compost fertilizer that can help improve soil nutrition. This research paper presents an overview of Fertilization of Food Waste Management in UTHM’s Cafeteria. This project aims to produce compost fertilizer within a shorter time. The machine will preserve the food waste and let it decompose by letting good bacteria eat the waste. The machine will create an optimum temperature so that the microorganism can live and decompose food waste into fertilizer. Temperature and moisture are monitored during the decomposition of food waste. With the help of this machine, food wastage produces daily can be reduced. Different kinds of pollution and sickness can also be reduced so that humans can live in a healthy world

Economic Impacts of Logging Intensities in the Muda-Pedu Forested Catchment, Kedah, Malaysia

This study was conducted primarily to determine benefits associated with logging and to quantify the cost associated with sedimentation in the Muda and Pedu Forested Catchments, Kedah. Data on timber value were obtained form the Ulu Muda experimental site and those on the rate of sediment yield were obtained from a study by Lai et al. (1999). The estimated NPV of timber under conventional logging (CL) and modified logging (ML) were RM 119.4 million and RM87.9 million respectively for a land area of 118,673 ha over a two cutting cycles of 30 years each. The average sediment yield in the Muda and Pedu Catchments was estimated to be 77.9 tonne/ha/year under catchment protection (CP), 188 tonne/ha/year under conventional logging (CL) and 115.5 tonne/ha/year under modified logging (ML). Meanwhile, the estimated NPV of treated water production under catchment protection (CP) was RM 128.8 million, under conventional logging (CL) was RM 121.3 million and under modified logging (ML) was RM 125.8 million. The incremental NPV (ML-CP) under modified logging option (ML) was very small valued at RM3.0 million as compared with the conventional logging (CL) with RM7.5 million. The small average incremental NPV under modified logging (ML) was due to the low incremental NPV gained when compared to the conventional logging option. The rise in the sediment concentration caused by CL option was not high enough to cause a high increase in water treatment plant. The above analysis supported conventional logging option over modified logging when only the off-site cost of sedimentation is incorporated This analysis is inconclusive since other physical impacts of logging have not been incorporated such as the potential welfare loss of biodiversity and climate benefits of protected forest. Nevertheless, the analysis has shown that logging does provide off-site cost in the form of higher water treatment costs. This kind information could be useful to policy makers when deciding upon land use options

Survey on software maintenance profile and knowledge requirement in public higher learning institutions

Software maintenance (SM) environment is highly complex, knowledge-driven and collaborative. Therefore, Knowledge management (KM) is critical to provide an environment for sharing and sustaining knowledge. Issues such as inadequate knowledge and lack on information sharing are still regarded as major challenges in SM. This paper presents the results of a survey on KM of SM process in selected higher learning institutions (HLIs) in Malaysia. Based on the survey, several deficiencies are identified as common to HLIs. Domain knowledge is important but these are seldom stored in KMS or other electronic means. Maintainers also spent considerable efforts collaborating with other parties to obtain information. Therefore, resolving these issues should be given high priority

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pelajar Memilih Kursus Hospitaliti Sebagai Pembentukan Awal Kerjaya Di Institut Kemahiran Belia Negara, Peretak

Kerjaya di bidang hospitaliti pada masa kini berkembang dengan pesat selaras dengan matlamat menjulang nama dan imej Malaysia sebagai sebuah Negara berasaskan industri pelancongan. Kursus hospitaliti di IKBN, Peretak telah melatih tenaga kerja yang memiliki kemahiran layanan, sajian dan perkhidmatan. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenalpasti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pelajar memilih kursus hospitaliti sebagai pembentukan awal kerjaya di Institut Kemahiran Belia Negara, Peretak. Faktor-faktor yang diutarakan dari segi pengaruh minat, peranan ibu bapa, pengaruh rakan sebaya dan kelayakan akademik pelajar. Kajian ini melibatkan 125 pelajar yang sedang mengikuti kursus hospitaliti di IKBN, Peretak pada peringkat Sijil Kemahiran Malaysia yang dikeluarkan oleh Majlis Latihan Vokasional Kebangsaan. Data mentah dikumpulkan menggunakan borang soal selidik yang telah diedarkan kepada semua responden setelah kajian rintis dijalankan terlebih dahulu. Seterusnya data-data ini dianalisis menggunakan perisian SPSS (Statiscal Package for Sosial Science). Nilai indeks kebolehpercayaan item dalam kajian rintis yang telah dijalankan ialah 0.8909. Pada keseluruhannya, dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan responden memberi reaksi yang positif terhadap aspekaspek yang telah dikaji. Faktor minat merupakan faktor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi pelajar memilih kursus hospitaliti sebagai pembentukan awal kerjaya mereka. Beberapa cadangan telah dikemukakan bagi memungkinkan kajian lanjutan dijalankan di masa akan datang

Punishing forest offenders: out of court or by the court?

This study compared the extent of compounded and court cases and the penalties charged for the two categories of offences. Data on 119 offences, of which 73% were compounded cases covering the period 1998 to 2002, were analysed. It was found that the mean penalty charged per offence was higher for compounded cases (RM37,180) than court cases (RM26,988). The mean penalties for illegal logging, evasion of royalty and encroachment compounded cases were RM91, 690, RM27, 932 and RM147, 000, respectively. Meanwhile, the corresponding values for the court cases were RM39, 500, RM12 668 and RM47, 760, respectively. Further analysis revealed that there was no significant difference in the mean penalties between the three types of offences for the court cases. However, there were significant differences in mean penalties for the the compounded cases. In addition, the regression model developed showed that for every unit increase in the cubic meter of illegal logging, there was a corresponding increase in the penalty by RM4692.39 for the courts cases and RM3151.17 for the compounded cases. The results suggested that, in terms of deterrence, the courts are the better means for punishing forest offenders

Factors that influence consumer behavior towards telecommunication operators: a case study at DiGi Shah Alam / Siti Fadilah Mohd Rusli

Mobile number portability is now a crucial issue for mobile services providers. Today, the most challenging job for the present day is that to retain existing mobile customers. The mobile operator’s ability to maintain its customer has a direct impact on its profitability and effectiveness. Losing a customer will affect the mobile operators in terms of cost. Assuming that services quality, prices, promotions and social are the factors that influence consumer behavior towards the telecommunication operators in DiGi. Regards to the research, it will identify the most relevant factor that affecting consumer behavior. Then the most relevant factor will be determined as essential factor that can create customer base towards the telecommunication operators in DiGi at Shah Alam. In order to collect the data, it is assuming by distributing 100 questionnaires to every individual that using DiGi as their telecommunication operator services in Shah Alam. Furthermore, the study is conducting to enhance knowledge about the factors that influence the consumer behavior. A descriptive study will be done in Shah Alam

Factors affecting customer preferences in Islamic banking products and services / Nur Hidayah Mohd Rusli

Nowadays, people and their knowledge have become more significant nowadays, financial is getting more important and they manage it through selected banking system. This study investigate the relationship between product features, service quality, financial strength and soundness, and price to the factor affecting customer preferences in Islamic banking products and services. The respondents of this research are staff in SAJ Holdings Sdn. Bnd. which are participated by 100 respondents. The theoretical framework discussed the elements of product features, service quality, financial strength and soundness, and price. The findings of the study were analyzed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). Frequency analysis evaluates personal information that relates to choosing Islamic banking products and services. Most of respondents using Islamic banking as selected banking system. Descriptive statistics investigate the influence of product features, service quality, financial strength and soundness and price towards customer preferences. Price variable has less relationship towards customer preferences through the lowest mean. Pearson correlation determines the significant of product features, quality, financial strength and soundness and price. All of the variables have significant relationship towards customer preferences in Islamic banking products and services. Regression analysis determines the most important factor that gives more impact towards customer preferences. Regression analysis also shows that overall customer preferences are strongly correlated with all of the independent variable used

A study on characteristics of leader that members are preferred to ensure the successfulness of leader in managing their society/club in UiTM Melaka City Campus / Sheikh Mohd Eeqbal Mohd Khalid and Ruslin Rusli

There is many types of the leadership that being practices by the leader. This research focus on how the characteristics of leader can give impact towards his or her members of the society and club in UiTM Malacca City Campus. The involvement of student that guide and lead the flow of the associations. There have some characteristics that we want research towards the leader in UiTM Malacca City Campus. The characteristics is awareness, critical thinking, and teamwork. Every leader in the society and club is differ than other, they also have their own character. As a good leader, the leader should know how to mingle around with members of the society and club. By doing this research, we could find which character of the leader members of the society and club prefer to ensure successfulness of the society. Based on this research, we notice that majority of the members of the society club prefer leader who has a good awareness towards his or her members