Linking pay level to interactional justice as a determinant of personal outcomes

Human resource development literature highlights that pay level is a crucial compensation design issue. The ability of the management to properly design the level of pay according to external and internal organisational factors may have a signifi cant impact on personal outcomes, i.e. job satisfaction, job commitment,and job performance. More importantly, a thorough review of such relationships revealed that effect of pay level on personal outcomes is indirectly affected by feelings of interactional justice. Although the nature of this relationship is interesting, little is known about the influence of interactional justice in compensation programme models. Therefore, this study was conducted to measure the mediating effect of interactional justice in the relationship between pay level and personal outcomes. A survey research method was used to gather 917 usable questionnaires from employees who have worked in Malaysian institutions of higher learning. The outcomes of stepwise regression analysis showed three important findings: firstly, the relationship between interactional justice and pay level would increase job satisfaction. Secondly, the relationship between interactional justice and pay level would increase job commitment.Third, relationship between interactional justice and pay level would increase job performance. This result confirmed that interactional justice does act as a full mediating variable in the pay system model of the organisation sample. In addition, the implications of this study on compensation theory and practice,conceptual and methodological limitations, and directions for future research are discussed

Knowledge management initiatives, innovation and GLC performance

A model of knowledge management initiatives, innovation and performance evaluation was developed and tested on listed Malaysian Government-Linked companies (GLC). Data collected from 273 employees representing the three different levels of management were subjected to structural equation modeling analysis. The proposed model fits the data well. Results indicate that employees perceived knowledge management initiatives as important antecedents of innovation in the GLC, and innovation in return resulted in better organizational performance

Factors affecting repayment performance in microfinance programs in Malaysia

This paper attempts to determine the factors affecting repayment performance in microfinance programs in Malaysia by using a multinomial logit regression model.The data used in this study is gathered through a survey on 309 respondents of TEKUN Nasional clients in Peninsular Malaysia. Results of the study indicate that gender, formal religious education, distance to the lender office, business formality, total sales per month, total loan received, loan monitoring and loan disbursement lag have significantly affected borrower's repayment performance.The result also shows that no pressure from Microfinance Institutions to pay the loan may cause the clients delayed their payment or just pay at a minimum amount. Besides, 11 percent of responden ts also admitted that they not fully utilised the loan given for business that makes them finally default. The study suggests rebate should be given to the good borrowers to encourage them to repay their loan on schedule without delay and the establishment o f a formal specialized microfinance banking institution to cater for the financial needs of micro and small entrepreneurs, especially in Malaysia

Keusahawanan peladang di Lembaga Kemajuan Pertanian Muda (MADA): kajian dari sudut pendekatan sikap

An attitude approach to the prediction of entrepreneurship has been the subject of extensive research in the developed world. This study used the entrepreneurial attitude orientation approach in determining entrepreneurship among farmers in the Muda Agriculture Development Authority (MADA).The sample of the study consisted of 74 farmers receiving entrepreneurship guidance and 126 farmers who had not received guidance from MADA. The Entrepreneurial Attitude Orientation (EAO) scale was tested and the discriminant validity was validated to test the known groups. There was a significance difference between known groups for all four of the EAO subscales(personal control, self-esteem, innovation and achievement); all subscales except innovation was entered into a stepwise discriminant function. On the basis of the research findings presented here, the authors were able to put forward a number of recommendations to improve the entrepreneurial attitudes of the farmers

Repayment performance in microfinance programs: An individual lending approach

This paper analyzes the repayment performance in microfinance programs in Malaysia that apply individual lending approach.The research framework of this study is built by four factors namely individual/borrower factors, firm/business factors, loan factors and institutional/lender factors as independent variables and repayment performance either paid on time, delinquent and default as dependent variables.The study used a mixed-method combining between quantitative and qualitative data through questionnaire survey, in-depth interviews, published and unpublished reports.The data of this study is gathered from 401 respondents in Peninsular Malaysia through multistage random sampling.The data is analysed by descriptive analysis and multinomial logit model. Meanwhile, for qualitative data, a total of 21 respondents (7 respondents who paid on time, 7 respondents who delinquent and 7 respondents who default) were selected randomly and structured interviews with 6 MFI’s State Managers.The results show that in terms of borrower characteristics, only micro entrepreneur’s religious education level is statistically significant in the relationship between delinquent and good borrowers and between default and good borrowers.Whereas, in firm/business characteristics, the result shows that distance, business formality and total sales are statistically significant.The finding shows that total loan received, loan type and repayment schedule are the loan characteristics that affect micro entrepreneur’s loan repayment.In terms of institutional/lender characteristics, the finding shows that loan monitoring is statistically significant in the relationship between delinquent and good borrowers.This study contributes significantly to the knowledge of microfinance program at large, wherein it explains the factors affecting repayment performance and repayment performance plays an important role to ensure that MFIs can continue providing microfinance to the micro entrepreneurs without depending on subsidies

The relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, learning orientation, technology orientation and SMEs performance in Nigeria

In spite of the recognized significant contribution of SMEs to the nations’ economy, Nigerian SMEs performance is below expectation. Their low contribution to GDP and employment shows this gross under performance.Moreover, the SMEs high failure rate is another indication of their low performance.Hence, past literature's suggest that strategic orientations have a significant effect on firm performance, even though most of the studies concentrated on investigating one or two strategic orientation at a time.Research on the combination of these important strategic orientations in a single model is scarce, and there is paucity about the best orientations to be adopted.The objective of this study is to investigate the positive influence of entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, learning orientation, and technology orientation on SMEs performance in Nigeria.A cross-sectional study of questionnaire survey research design was conducted and data was generated from 362 usable questionnaires of owner-managers of small firms.To conduct the analysis, the study applies PLS-SEM to understand the positive effects of entrepreneurial, market, learning and technology orientations on the performance of SMEs in Nigeria.The results indicate that entrepreneurial, learning and technology orientations have positive affect on performance, however, in this context, the result do not support the view that market orientation positively affect firm performance.Essentially, the findings suggest that SMEs need to combine their entrepreneurial ability with learning from their environment and adopting new technology trends in the markets

Determinants of SMEs performance in Nigeria: A pilot study

The objective of this research work is to examine and explore quantitatively a small sample of data on the determinants of SMEs Performance in Nigeria. The study adopted survey approach to collect 46 usable questionnaires from SMEs in Kano as one of the strata based on stratified random sampling method. The model produces six factors that are used as a determinant of SMEs performance in Nigeria. Therefore, validity and reliability of the instruments were examined through panel of expert and also the small sample of the data was analyzed using SPSS v18.Results confirmed the validity and reliability of the instruments adapted in the pilot study

Usahawan dalam era K-Ekonomi

Era K-Ekonomi bukan sahaja menyaksikan perkembangan teknologi maklumat dan telekomunikasi, malah juga menyaksikan perkembangan dalam pelbagai dimensi sosial, teknologi, politik, ekonomi dan persekitaran alam semula jadi. Globalisasi adalah salah satu aspek dimensi ekonomi yang sedang melanda di seluruh dunia. Globalisasi yang juga dikaitkan dengan "perkampungan global" dan dunia "tanpa sempadan" telah mengubah cara hidup masyarakat dan kaedah dan cara berniaga ke arah perniagaan antarabangsa dan global. Usahawan yang maju dan berdayasaing telah mengambil tindakan proaktif untuk terus berdayamaju dan berdaya tahan dalam perniagaan global. Pelaburan dalam teknologi, teknologi maklumat (IT) dan telekomunikasi telah meningkatkan lagi kelebihan dayasaing dan keteguhan usahawan dalam era globalisasi. Di samping itu usahawan perlu menjalinkan jaringan dengan syarikat transnasional agar perlimpahan teknologi dan peluang menebusi pasaran, maklumat dan kewangan dapat di capai dengan lebih berkesan. Akhir sekali, usahawan perlulah mempunyai beberapa kriteria bagi mencapai kejayaan yang kritikal dalam jaringan tersebut

Interaksi antara kepuasan kerja dengan sikap terhadap wang sebagai peramal kepada keinginan untuk berhenti kerja secara sukarela

Tujuan utama kajian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengukur kesan kepuasan kerja dan sikap terhadap wang ke atas keinginan untuk berhenti kerja secara sukarela.Kaedah soal selidik telah digunakan untuk mengumpul 140 borang soal selidik daripada pekerja yang berkhidmat di sebuah penguasa tempatan bertaraf bandaraya di Sabah, Malaysia.Keputusan analisis regresi hierarki menunjukkan dua dapatan penting: pertama, interaksi di antara kepuasan kerja intrinsik dan sikap terhadap wang mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan keinginan pekerja untuk berhenti kerja.Kedua, interaksi diantara kepuasan kerja ekstrinsik dan sikap terhadap wang mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan keinginan pekerja untuk berhenti kerja secara sukarela.Keputusan ujian statistik ini menunjukkan bahawa sikap positif terhadap wang di kalangan pekerja yang mempunyai kepuasan kerja intrinsik berupaya menghalang hasrat mereka untuk berhenti kerja secara sukarela.Manakala, sikap positif terhadap wang di kalangan pekerja yang mempunyai kepuasan kerja ekstrinsik tidak berupaya menghalang hasrat mereka untuk berhenti kerja secara sukarela.Dapatan kajian mengesahkan bahawa sikap terhadap wang hanya bertindak sebagai pemboleh ubah penyederhana separa dalam model kepuasan kerja dalam organisasi kajian.Selanjutnya, perbincangan dan implikasi kajian turut dihuraikan

Perhubungan antara sistem komunikasi pampasan dan kepuasan kerja: adakah keadilan prosedur memainkan peranan bersyarat?

Compensation management literature has highlighted that the strength of relationship between a compensation communication system and individual attitudes and behaviours would change when feelings of procedural justice are present in organisations. This empirical evidence is used as a guideline to develop and test a conceptual framework for this study using data gathered from in-depth interview and survey questionnaire methods. The sample of this study was 99 respondents who had completed the survey questionnaire forms. Outcomes of hypotheses testing using a hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that knowledge about pay systems has invoked employees’ feelings of procedural justice, and this might lead to increased job satisfaction. Conversely, immediate boss treatment had not invoked individuals’ feelings of procedural justice, and this could lead to decreased job satisfaction. These outcomes could be influenced by the external factors, such as compensation management cultures that have been practised in the studied organisation. This study affirms that procedural justice does act as a partial moderator in the pay system model of on ICT company in Kuching, Sarawak. Thus, the implications of this study on compensation theory and practice, methodological and conceptual limitations, as well as suggestions for future research are also discussed