Analisis pemasaran pertanian di Malaysia: keperluan agenda pembaharuan

Penelitian umum ke at as struktur, gelagat dan beberapa aspek dimensi pemasaran komoditi pertanian menyarankan kepada kewujudan petanda-petanda ketidakcekapan dan ketidaksempurnaan pasaran yang ketara. Antaranya, struktur pasaran yang berpusat yang mengurangkan darjah persaingan, sistem letak harga yang dipandui oleh kuasa firma tertentu dan bukan fundamental pasaran, aliran maklumat yang tidak licin, harga tidak mencerminkan kualiti atau gred dan sebagainya. Ciri ini masih wujud walaupun ekonomi dan sektor pertanian negara telah mengalami kemajuan dari segi pertumbuhan pengeluaran dan eksport. Berbanding dengan sektor lain, sektor pemasaran pertanian gagal menampilkan pembaharuan yang selari dengan perubahan persekitaran yang telah menyebabkan kelembapan beberapa sub-sektor pertanian. Kertas ini bertujuan untuk mengutarakan beberapa agenda pembaharuan ke atas sektor pemasaran pertanian di Malaysia. Agenda pembaharuan ke atas sektor ini menjadi lebih mendesak kerana perubahan radikal yang berlaku di pasaran global dan pembangunan teknologi pengeluaran dan teknologi maklumat yang pesat. Transformasi ekonomi dalam negeri ke arah industrialisasi juga menuntut kepada pembaharuan. Antara agenda pembaharuan yang dicadangkan adalah perindustrian sektor pemasaran, penstrukturan unit pengeluaran, meningkatkan akses pasaran dan maklumat kepada pengeluar, peniaga dan pengguna, peningkatan daya saing melalui proses-proses yang cekap dan berlandaskan teknologi, strategi pemasaran yang global dan penerapan teknologi maklumat dalam pengeluaran, agihan dan pertukaran

Bridging the gap: research and policy

This paper examines the structural and cultural gaps between research and policy and the consequent under use of knowledge in environmental policy decision. The relationship is analysed from the perspectives of supply (research), demand (policy) and communication. The divide has to be rectified through structural adjustments particularly in establishing researcher-policy maker partnership in research as well as extending research scope that goes beyond examining a single constituent of a system, but a systemic view of the links between ecology, economic and institutional processes

THE IMPACT OF PETROLEUM PRICES ON VEGETABLE OILS PRICES: EVIDENCE FROM COINTEGRATION TESTS

This paper investigate the long-term relationship between the petroleum and vegetable oils prices represented by palm, soybean, sunflower and rapeseed oils prices. To that end, the bivariate cointegration approach using Engle-Granger two-stage estimation procedure is applied. The study utilises monthly data over the period of January 1983 through March 2008. The results provide a strong evidence of long-run equilibrium relation between the two products prices. The estimates of the error correction models reveal a unidirectional long-run causality flowing from petroleum to each of the vegetable oils prices under study.Vegetable oils prices, petroleum prices, cointegration, causality tests, Agribusiness, Demand and Price Analysis, Marketing, Q11 Agricultural Prices,

The broiler chicken industry in Malaysia: some evidences on the structure, conduct and performance

The broiler chicken industry in Peninsular Malaysia has undergone major structural changes in recent years, notably the increasing vertical integration in the industry, which has led to concerns over market power by wholesalers at the expense of producers and consumers. This paper investigates the performance of the broiler market by applying the structure, conduct and performance approach. Using primary data collected from a survey on the wholesale market for broilers, it was found that there was a high degree of concentration in most of the wholesale markets as evident by high concentration ratio and Herfindahl-Hirshman Index. There are also several conditions that restrict the entry of new players. However, in spite of structural rigidities, the study found evidence of spatial market integration using cointegration analysis. This finding suggests that the government could reconsider price control policy measures in the market

Evaluation of Malaysia’s food balance of trade plan : achievement rates.

Malaysia has always been a net food importer in the last four decades. In 2007, the deficit in the food trade stood at RM9.7 billion (or USD2.9 billion). In 2002, Malaysia implemented a policy towards achieving a surplus balance of trade in food of RM1.2 billion (or USD352 billion) by 2010. This paper evaluates the policy in terms of the achievement rates of the plan. The analysis suggests that the actual trade data shows the intended targets are likely not to be met; in fact the deficit is expected to grow bigger with time. While the objective was commendable, the targets, rationales and strategies for such a plan require a serious rethinking

The impact of petroleum prices on vegetable oils prices: evidence from co-integration tests

The prices of petroleum and vegetable oils appear to be moving in tandem, a trend which was not observed before. This study seeks to investigate the long-term relationship between the prices of crude oil and selected vegetable oils. To that end, the bivariate co-integration approach using the Engle-Granger two-stage estimation procedure was applied. The study utilized monthly data over the period of January 1983 through March 2008. The results provide strong evidence of a long-run relationship between the two product prices

Marketing of pigs in Malaysia: an evaluation of market integration

This paper examines the pricing efficiency of the pig market in Peninsular Malaysia through measuring the degree of market integration. Specifically, this paper examines the price linkages between Kuala Lumpur (which is considered the market centre for price discovery) and five major local markets (Ipoh, Johor Bahru, Penang, Malacca and Seremban). The findings indicate, with the exception of Johor Bahru, the other market regions show high level of market linkage with Kuala Lumpur

AFTA and its implication to the export demand of Indonesian palm oil

This paper examines the impacts of trade liberalization policy changes (reduction in export duty and import tariff) on the export demand of the Indonesian palm oil. The study utilised an error correction model. The model is simulated by decreasing the export duty and import tariff individually by 10, 30, 50 and 100 percent. To see the combine effect both in export duty and import tariff were simultaneously reduced by 10, 30, 50, and 100 percent. The findings indicate that trade liberalization due to increase domestic price and reduce in world price. Due to the reduction in export duty, the quantity exported to India, China, Europe, and ROW increased by 0.38, 3.77, 0.67 and 4.63 percent respectively. Reduction on import tariff on the exported-quantity to India, China, Europe, and rest of the world increased by 0.25, 2.67, 0.49, and 2.96 percent respectively. And export duty and import tariff reduction by 10 percent increased export to India, China, Europe, and ROW by 0.64,6.23, 1.12, and 7.35 percent, respectively

An econometric analysis of the link between biodiesel demand and Malaysian palm oil market

The objective of this study is to describe the important factors affecting Malaysian palm oil industry especially biodiesel demand. To that end a market model representing palm oil production, import, world excess demand, domestic consumption, export demand, rest of the world excess supply and palm oil prices is formulated.A system of equations of eight structural equations and four identities is estimated by two stage least squares method using annual data for the period 1976-2008.The domestic price equation is formed to investigate the link between biodiesel demand and the Malaysian palm oil market. The domestic price is significantly affected by Malaysian ending stock, world palm oil price, biodiesel demand and lagged domestic price. The elasticity of Malaysian palm oil domestic price with respect to biodiesel demand is then obtained. Results suggest that biodiesel demand has a positive impact on the Malaysian palm oil domestic price. Thus, significant growth in biodiesel demand is important in explaining Malaysian palm oil price determination

Construct validation of supply chain management in cooperative

This study attempts to analyze construct in supply chain and to determine which construct contribute to performance of agricultural cooperatives in Malaysia. The primary data is collected via questionnaire from top level management of agricultural cooperatives using 5-item Likert scale. Factor analysis and structural equations modeling were used to analyze the data. Findings show that cooperatives places importance on quality and technology, logistic, supplier and governance. As a whole, supply chain is significance in determining performance. However, governance alone is not significant in determining performance. The empirical result could be used to improve further studies in supply chain management.Agricultural cooperatives; supply chain management model