Food production and service in UK hospitals

 Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to apply value stream mapping holistically to hospital food production/service systems focused on high-quality food. Design/methodology/approach – Multiple embedded case study of three (two private-sector and one public-sector) hospitals in the UK. Findings – The results indicated various issues affecting hospital food production including: the menu and nutritional considerations; food procurement; food production; foodservice; patient perceptions/expectations. Research limitations/implications – Value stream mapping is a new approach for food production systems in UK hospitals whether private or public hospitals. Practical implications – The paper identifies opportunities for enhancing hospital food production systems. Originality/value – The paper provides a theoretical basis for process enhancement of hospital food production and the provision of high-quality hospital food </p

Western blot of VEGF in all groups after exposure to hyperoxia (95% FiO2 for 7 days) in comparison to control air group.

<p>VEGF expression was presented in relative density to Beta Actin expression. Data are mean of 5 animals/group ± SEM, * <i>P</i><0.05.</p

Evaluation of MVD by CD34 immunostaining in lung Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded tissue in all groups after exposure to hyperoxia (95% FiO₂ for 7 days) in comparison to control air group with insert of immunostaining.

<p>WT: Wild type. TG: Transgenic type. Data are mean of 10 animals/group ± SEM, * P<0.05.</p

EPC’s Percentage by flow cytometer in all groups after exposure to hyperoxia (95% FiO₂ for 7 days) in comparison to control air group.

<p>Data are mean of 5 animals/group ± SEM, * <i>P</i><0.05.</p

Primer sequences for RT-qPCR for selected genes.

<p>Primer sequences for RT-qPCR for selected genes.</p

Evaluation of ROS concentration after exposure to hyperoxia (95% FiO₂ for 7 days) in comparison to control air group.

<p>WT: Wild type. TG: Transgenic type. Data are mean of 10 animals/group ± SEM, * <i>P</i><0.05.</p

This panel demonstrates all RT-qPCR results in all groups after exposure to hyperoxia (95% FiO2 for 7 days) in comparison to control air group.

<p>A: RT-qPCR of VEGFR1 expression. B: RT-qPCR of VEGFR2 expression. C: RT-qPCR of VEGF. D: RT-qPCR of PECAM-1 expression. Data are mean of 10 animals/group ± SEM, * <i>P</i><0.05.</p

MOESM1 of Spatiotemporal analysis and epidemiological characterization of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Libya within a twenty five year period: 1993–2017

Additional file 1: Table S1. Libyan regions, districts, administrative boundaries, and population density. Figure S1: Map showing division of Libyan regions and districts covered by the study. Figure S2: National and regional trends of HIV infection in Libya 1993–2017

Reduced glutathione/oxidized ratio (GSH / GSSG) in adult mouse brain groups (WT and KI) after exposure to hypoxia (10% for 10 days) in comparison with the RA control groups (WT and KI).

<p>Data are mean of 10 animals per group ± SEM. *P<0.05 versus the KI hypoxia and WT hypoxia groups.</p

Quantitative Assessment of Western blot for molecular markers including: GFAP, IBA1, MIF, pAMPK, and pACC in adult mouse brain groups (WT and KI) after exposure to hypoxia (10% for 10 days), in comparison with the RA control groups (WT and KI).

<p>Data are mean of 10± SEM animals per group. *P<0.05 versus the KI hypoxia and WT hypoxia groups.</p><p>* P<0.05 (H WT vs. H KI).</p><p>Quantitative Assessment of Western blot for molecular markers including: GFAP, IBA1, MIF, pAMPK, and pACC in adult mouse brain groups (WT and KI) after exposure to hypoxia (10% for 10 days), in comparison with the RA control groups (WT and KI).</p