Astronomie als Unterrichtsgegenstand

Die Astronomie und Astrophysik nehmen im österreichischen Lehrplan nur einen kleinen Teil ein und werden daher im Unterricht oft übergangen. Die Arbeit soll auf die vielseitigen Vorteile des Astronomieunterrichts hinweisen und Möglichkeiten der praktischen Umsetzung aufzeigen. Außerdem beschäftigt sich die Arbeit mit der Integration astronomischer Inhalte in den Bildungssystemen anderer Länder

Pengaruh laba akuntansi dan total arus kas terhadap harga saham pada Perusahaan PT. Martina Berto Tbk tahun 2012-2019

Latar belakang masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah adanya fluktuasi dan fenomena penurunan harga saham tidak selalu diikuti penurunan laba akuntansi dan arus kas, begitu pula sebaliknya pada saat terjadi peningkatan harga saham tidak selalu diikuti dengan peningkatan laba dan total arus kas. Sehingga rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah ada pengaruh laba akuntansi dan total arus kas secara parsial dan simultan terhadap harga saham pada PT. Martina Berto Tbk. Dengan tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh laba akuntansi dan total arus kas secara parsial dan simultan terhadap harga saham pada PT. Martina Berto Tbk. Teori dalam penelitian ini berkaitan dengan bidang Akuntansi dan Analisis laporan keuangan. Sehubungan dengan itu, pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah teori-teori yang berkaitan dengan laba akuntansi, total arus kas dan harga saham serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi harga saham. Jenis penelitian ini digunakan penelitian kuantitatif dan sumber data sekunder yang diambil melalui situs www.idx.co.id. kemudian dianalisis menggunakan alat bantu statistik yaitu SPSS versi 25. teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Pengelolahan data menggunakan uji normalitas, uji statistik deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, uji koefisien determinasi (R2), uji analisis regresi linear berganda, uji t (Parsial), Uji F ( Simultan). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian koefisien determinasi (R2) menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh nilai R Square (R2) sebesar 0,797 hal ini berarti kontribusi pengaruh variabel laba akuntansi dan total arus kas terhdap variabel harga saham jika dipersentasekan sebesar 79,7% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 20,3% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain diluar penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti. Hasil penelitian secara parsial (uji t) menunjukkan bahwa variabel Laba Akuntansi memiliki thitung 0,05 (0,088 >0,05) artinya H01 diterima dan Ha1 ditolak. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa Laba Akuntansi secara parsial tidak berpengaruh dan signifikan terhadap Harga Saham. Sementara thitung variabel Total Arus Kas sebesar 7,932, jadi dapat dilihat bahwa nilai thitung > ttabel (7.932 > 2.045) dan signifikansi Ftabel (56,849 > 3,33) dan signifikansi <0,05 (0.000 < 0,05), artinya Ha3 diterima dan H03 ditolak, jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa Laba Akuntansi dan Total Arus Kas secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Harga Saham

Critical illness induces alternative activation of M2 macrophages in adipose tissue

INTRODUCTION: We recently reported macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue of critically ill patients. Classically activated macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue is a known feature of obesity, where it is linked with increasing insulin resistance. However, the characteristics of adipose tissue macrophage accumulation in critical illness remain unknown. METHODS: We studied macrophage markers with immunostaining and gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue from healthy control subjects (n=20) and non-surviving prolonged critically ill patients (n=61). For comparison, also subcutaneous in vivo adipose tissue biopsies were studied from 15 prolonged critically ill patients. RESULTS: Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue biopsies from nonsurviving prolonged critically ill patients displayed a large increase in macrophage staining. This staining corresponded with elevated gene expression of "alternatively activated" M2 macrophage markers arginase-1, IL-10 and CD163 and low levels of the "classically activated" M1 macrophage markers tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS). Immunostaining for CD163 confirmed positive M2 macrophage staining in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies from critically ill patients. Surprisingly, circulating levels and tissue gene expression of the alternative M2 activators IL-4 and IL-13 were low and not different from controls. In contrast, adipose tissue protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma PPARgamma a nuclear receptor required for M2 differentiation and acting downstream of IL-4, was markedly elevated in illness. In subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue biopsies from surviving critically ill patients, we could confirm positive macrophage staining with CD68 and CD163. We also could confirm elevated arginase-1 gene expression and elevated PPARgamma protein levels. CONCLUSIONS: Unlike obesity, critical illness evokes adipose tissue accumulation of alternatively activated M2 macrophages, which have local anti-inflammatory and insulin sensitizing features. This M2 macrophage accumulation may contribute to the previously observed protective metabolic activity of adipose tissue during critical illness.status: publishe

Screening of Marine-derived Fungi Isolated from the sponge Didemnun ligulum for Biodegradation of Pentachlorophenol

Contamination by pesticides employed in agriculture has caused serious environmental harm. Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a phenolic organochlorine compound and a dangerous pollutant which was banned from Brazil since 1985; however, there are still many contaminated areas. This pesticide is a serious problem because it has high toxicity and persistence at the environment due to its resistance to biotic and abiotic degradation. The use of microorganisms as degrading agents is considered an efficient method to reduce the adverse effects of environmental contaminants. It is noteworthy that fungi from marine environment are adapted to extreme conditions, including high chlorine concentrations, and can produce unique enzymes with interesting properties. Therefore, marine-derived fungi have an excellent enzymatic potential for the biotransformation of xenobiotics such as organochlorine pesticides. In this work, fifteen fungi strains isolated from a marine invertebrate, the ascidian Didemnun ligulum, were evaluated according to their ability to grow in solid culture media (3% malt extract agar) in the presence of different concentrations (10, 25, 30, 40, and 50 mg L–1) of PCP. Among the tested strains, nine could grow in at least one concentration, and Trichoderma harzianum CBMAI 1677 showed optimal growth at the higher evaluated concentration (50 mg L–1), showing toxicity resistance and suggesting its potential for biodegradation of PCP. In a later work, it was observed that T. harzianum CBMAI 1677 was able to degrade PCP. These results confirmed the efficiency of marine-derived fungi to biodegrade persistent compounds and could enable the development of bioremediation methodologies using these microorganism

Внешнеторговое сотрудничество Республики Корея со странами Северо-Восточной Азии

Вследствие быстрого развития и усложнения мирохозяйственных связей и торгово-экономического взаимодействия государств, тенденции развитие международного сотрудничества приобретают особую актуальность. Северо-Восточная Азия (СВА) – это регион, в котором очень тонко переплетаются исторические, идеологические, политические особенности и экономическая целесообразность торговли. Страновой состав региона Северо-Восточной Азии может рассматриваться с разных точек зрения, в рамках данного исследования под странами данного региона понимаются Республика Корея, Китай, Япония и вся Россия. Взаимодействие Республики Корея с каждым из трех государств имеет уникальную историю, достаточный потенциал для развития торговли, а также свои особенности формирования внешнеэкономических связей. Усиление роли Китая в качестве торгового партнера, снижение значимости Японии и сложная экономическая ситуация в России на текущий момент оказывают существенное влияние на развитие Республики Корея, опорой экономического роста которой традиционно являлась торговля. Эти три страны являются одними из важнейших партнеров для Республики Корея, поэтому изучение процессов формирования внешнеэкономических связей в рамках региона Северо-Восточной Азии необходимо для определения основных тенденций, качественных изменений и факторов, определяющих вектор торговых отношений. Цель исследования – выявить основные тенденции сотрудничества Республики Корея и стран Северо-Восточной Азии в сфере внешней торговли. Практическая значимость работы состоит в возможности получения всестороннего анализа внешнеторгового сотрудничества Республики Корея и стран Северо-Восточной Азии, глубоко раскрытия данной тематики, что может послужить основой для дальнейших исследований торговли Республики Корея со странами региона и определения будущих перспектив в сотрудничестве для формирования внешнеторговой политики страны.The final project is devoted to trade cooperation of the Republic of Korea and North-East Asian countries. This region is influenced by many factors and analyses of dynamics and structure of trade are extremely significant to reveal the reasons of current trends of international cooperation between countries

Transcriptional portrait of M. bovis BCG during biofilm production shows genes differentially expressed during intercellular aggregation and substrate attachment.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. smegmatis form drug-tolerant biofilms through dedicated genetic programs. In support of a stepwise process regulating biofilm production in mycobacteria, it was shown elsewhere that lsr2 participates in intercellular aggregation, while groEL1 was required for biofilm maturation in M. smegmatis. Here, by means of RNA-Seq, we monitored the early steps of biofilm production in M. bovis BCG, to distinguish intercellular aggregation from attachment to a surface. Genes encoding for the transcriptional regulators dosR and BCG0114 (Rv0081) were significantly regulated and responded differently to intercellular aggregation and surface attachment. Moreover, a M. tuberculosis H37Rv deletion mutant in the Rv3134c-dosS-dosR regulon, formed less biofilm than wild type M. tuberculosis, a phenotype reverted upon reintroduction of this operon into the mutant. Combining RT-qPCR with microbiological assays (colony and surface pellicle morphologies, biofilm quantification, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, growth curve and replication of planktonic cells), we found that BCG0642c affected biofilm production and replication of planktonic BCG, whereas ethR affected only phenotypes linked to planktonic cells despite its downregulation at the intercellular aggregation step. Our results provide evidence for a stage-dependent expression of genes that contribute to biofilm production in slow-growing mycobacteria

Novel Genetic Locus Influencing Retinal Venular Tortuosity Is Also Associated With Risk of Coronary Artery Disease

Structural variation in retinal blood vessels is associated with global vascular health in humans and may provide a readily accessible indicator of several diseases of vascular origin. Increasing evidence suggests variation in retinal vasculature is highly heritable. This study aimed to identify genetic determinants of retinal vascular traits. We reported a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for quantitative retinal vascular traits derived using semi-automatic image analysis of digital retinal photographs from the Genetics of Diabetes Audit and Research in Tayside (GoDARTS) (n=1736) and the Orkney Complex Disease Study (ORCADES) (n=1358) cohorts. We identified a novel genome-wide significant locus at 19q13 (ACTN4/CAPN12) for retinal venular tortuosity (TortV), and one at 13q34 (COL4A2) for retinal arteriolar tortuosity (TortA); these two loci were subsequently confirmed in three independent cohorts (n=1413). In the combined analysis in ACTN4/CAPN12 the lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was rs1808382 (n=4507; Beta=−0.109; standard error (SE) =0.015; P=2.39×10−13) and in COL4A2 it was rs7991229 (n=4507; Beta=0.103; SE=0.015; P=4.66×10−12). Notably, the ACTN4/CAPN12 locus associated with retinal TortV is also associated with coronary artery disease and heart rate. Our findings demonstrate the contribution of genetics in retinal tortuosity traits, and provide new insights into cardiovascular diseases.<br/

INTERVENÇÕES NA PARENTALIDADE PARA A PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE MENTAL INFANTIL MEDIADAS PELA BIBLIOTERAPIA

Interventions in parenting for the promotion of children's mental health are effective in enabling parents to deal with their children's behavioral challenges. The objective of the study was to understand the meanings of parenting from the perspective of parents in mental health care in early childhood and to propose interventions mediated by Bibliotherapy. This is a research with a mixed approach carried out through semi-structured interviews and bibliotherapeutic focus groups. It was found that the ability to change the parents' mentality and behavior has implications for the child's development, based on the understanding of the meanings attributed by them to their children's behavior. The practice of metaparenting, a construct that means improving parental competence and reducing stress and adopting positive educational practices, is effective in the exercise of parenting that promotes mental health. And, it favors continuous relationships between parents and children and long-lasting social interactions, providing opportunities for the psychic, cognitive, behavioral and emotional development of their children. Parents who have access to interventions in parenting that encourage self-knowledge (thoughts with awareness) and learning (social cognition) can generate significant transformations caused by changing behavior and self-care, modifying the environment and social context in which the child is insert.Las intervenciones en la crianza de los hijos para promover la salud mental de los niños son eficaces para permitir que los padres se enfrenten a los problemas de comportamiento de sus hijos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender los significados de la crianza en la perspectiva de los padres en el cuidado de la salud mental en la primera infancia, proponiendo intervenciones mediadas por la Biblioterapia. Se trata de una investigación con enfoque mixto realizada a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales biblioterapéuticos. Se constató que la capacidad de cambiar la mentalidad y el comportamiento de los padres tiene implicaciones para el desarrollo del niño, a partir de la comprensión de los significados atribuidos por ellos al comportamiento de sus hijos. La práctica de la metaparentalidad, constructo que significa mejorar la competencia parental, reducir el estrés y adoptar prácticas educativas positivas, es eficaz en el ejercicio de la parentalidad promotora de la salud mental. Y, favorece las relaciones continuas entre padres e hijos y las interacciones sociales duraderas, brindando oportunidades para el desarrollo psíquico, cognitivo, conductual y emocional de sus hijos. Los padres que acceden a intervenciones en la crianza que fomenten el autoconocimiento (pensamientos con conciencia) y el aprendizaje (cognición social) pueden generar transformaciones significativas provocadas por el cambio de comportamiento y autocuidado, modificando el entorno y contexto social en el que se inserta el niño.As intervenções na parentalidade em prol da promoção da saúde mental infantil são eficazes para habilitar os pais a lidar com os desafios de comportamento dos filhos. Este estudo teve por objetivo compreender os sentidos da parentalidade sob o olhar de pais no cuidado à saúde mental na primeira infância, propondo intervenções mediadas pela Biblioterapia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem mista realizada por meio da entrevista semiestruturada e do grupo focal biblioterapêutico. Constatou-se que a capacidade de mudança na mentalidade e no comportamento dos pais tem implicações no desenvolvimento da criança, a partir da compreensão dos significados atribuídos por eles aos comportamentos dos filhos. A prática de metaparentagem, construto que significa o aprimoramento da competência parental, redução do estresse e adoção de práticas educativas positivas, é efetiva no exercício da parentalidade promotora de saúde mental. E, favorece relacionamentos contínuos entre pais e filhos e interações sociais duradouras oportunizando o desenvolvimento psíquico, cognitivo, comportamental e emocional de seus filhos. Os pais que tiverem acesso às intervenções na parentalidade que incentivem o autoconhecimento (pensamentos com consciência) e a aprendizagem (cognição social) podem gerar transformações significativas provocadas pela mudança de comportamento e cuidado de si modificando o ambiente e contexto social em que a criança estiver inserida