Meta-analysis of the four high-quality studies for the association of <i>H. pylori</i> infection with pancreatic cancer.

<p>OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p

Meta-analysis of studies for the association of infection with CagA+ <i>versus</i> CagA- <i>H. pylori</i> strains and pancreatic cancer.

<p>OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p

Funnel plot to detect publication bias.

<p>Funnel plot to detect publication bias.</p

Subgroup analysis stratified by geographic distribution for the association of <i>H. pylori</i> infection with pancreatic cancer.

<p>OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p

Overall meta-analysis of all the studies included for the association of <i>H. pylori</i> infection with pancreatic cancer.

<p>OR, odds ratio. CI, confidence interval.</p

Flow diagram of literature search and study selection.

<p>Flow diagram of literature search and study selection.</p

Need for rescue analgesics grouped by concomitant anti-emetics.

<p>Six studies described the need for rescue analgesics in thyroidectomy patients treated with dexamethasone versus placebo with or without concomitant anti-emetics (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.50–0.83, <i>P</i> = 0.0008). There was no evidence of significant heterogeneity between RCTs (<i>P</i> = 0.25, <i>I</i>² = 25%).</p

Flow chart for selecting the trials.

<p>On the basis of the search strategy, 195 articles were identified by the initial search, and 17 required further assessment. Finally, 13 articles were included in this review.</p

Details of anesthetic technique, and rescue analgesics and anti-emetics in the included trials.

<p>IV, intravenous; IM, intramuscular; ^ano difference.</p><p>Details of anesthetic technique, and rescue analgesics and anti-emetics in the included trials.</p

Incidence of PONV grouped by concomitant anti-emetics.

<p>Eleven studies described the incidence of PONV in thyroidectomy patients treated with dexamethasone versus placebo with or without concomitant anti-emetics (RR 0.52, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.63, <i>P</i><0.00001). There was evidence of significant heterogeneity between studies (<i>P</i> = 0.003, <i>I²</i> = 56%).</p