sj-docx-2-wmr-10.1177_0734242X231184446 – Supplemental material for Get the win–win: Sustainable circular model of ‘generation-value-technology’ of industrial solid waste management

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-wmr-10.1177_0734242X231184446 for Get the win–win: Sustainable circular model of ‘generation-value-technology’ of industrial solid waste management by Ming Gao and Yufan Chen in Waste Management & Research</p

sj-docx-1-wmr-10.1177_0734242X231184446 – Supplemental material for Get the win–win: Sustainable circular model of ‘generation-value-technology’ of industrial solid waste management

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-wmr-10.1177_0734242X231184446 for Get the win–win: Sustainable circular model of ‘generation-value-technology’ of industrial solid waste management by Ming Gao and Yufan Chen in Waste Management & Research</p

Data_Sheet_1_Effect of No Tillage System on Soil Fungal Community Structure of Cropland in Mollisol: A Case Study.docx

Conservation tillage is generally regarded as a sustainable farming system for the future. The fungal community structure has a strong response to conservation tillage. However, how the conservation tillage system affects the soil fungal community structure is little known. Using the high-throughput sequencing technology, the soil fungal community was explored under no tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) in Northeast China Mollisol. The copy number of fungal genes in NT20 was significantly lower than that in other treatments. NT changed the composition of soil fungal communities at the taxonomic level of phylum and genus. The diversity indices of the soil fungal community in no tillage at soil depths of 0–5 cm (NT5) were significantly higher than those in soil depths of 5–20 cm (NT20). The fungal community under NT and CT could form a good cluster distribution and NT5, conventional tillage at soil depths of 0–5 cm (CT5) and 5–20 cm (CT20) had specific indicator species. Most of the potential pathogens were significantly higher in NT5 than in NT20. Tillage and soil depth could explain 64% of the diversity and 95% of the composition of the fungal community, which indirectly changed the diversity and composition of fungi by using soil organic carbon, pH value, and soil bulk density. Furthermore, soil organic carbon (SOC) best explained the soil fungal community, followed by soil pH. The study indicated that the NT system had a comprehensive effect on the soil fungal community and SOC is the most crucial factor in determining this community.</p

sp²−sp³ Hybridized Mixed Diboron: Synthesis, Characterization, and Copper-Catalyzed β-Boration of α,β-Unsaturated Conjugated Compounds

A novel sp2−sp3 hybridized mixed diboron and its reactivity on the copper-catalyzed β-boration of α,β-unsaturated conjugated compounds to afford the corresponding β-borated compounds is reported. The presence of sp3-hybridized boron provides a mild β-boration condition in the absence of phosphine and base additives. Finally, our investigations demonstrate that the sp2-hybridized boron of the mixed diboron is selectively transferred to the β-carbon of conjugated substrates

DataSheet_2_Efficacy and Safety of Lenvatinib in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis.docx

BackgroundLenvatinib has shown promising efficacy in targeted therapies that have been tested to treat anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) in both preclinical and clinical studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib in the treatment of patients with ATC.MethodsPubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for potential eligible studies from inception to February 1, 2022. The outcomes included partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), disease control rate (DCR), median progression-free survival (mPFS), and median overall survival (mOS). Effect sizes for all pooled results were presented with 95% CIs with upper and lower limit.ResultsTen studies met the inclusion criteria. The aggregated results showed that the pooled PR, SD, and DCR were 15.0%, 42.0%, and 63.0%, respectively. The pooled mPFS and mOS were 3.16 (2.18–5.60) months and 3.16 (2.17–5.64) months, respectively. Furthermore, PFS rate at 3 months (PFSR-3m), PFSR-6m, PFSR-9m, PFSR-12m, and PFSR-15m were 52.0%, 22.5%, 13.9%, 8.4%, and 2.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, the 3-month OS rate (OSR-3m), OSR-6m, OSR-9m, OSR-12m, and OSR-15m were 64.0%, 39.3%, 29.7%, 18.9%, and 14.2%, respectively. The most common adverse events (AEs) of lenvatinib were hypertension (56.6%), proteinuria (32.6%), and fatigue (32%).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis showed that lenvatinib has meaningful antitumor activity, but limited clinical efficacy in ATC.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [CRD42022308624].</p

Data_Sheet_1_The influence of outdoor play spaces in urban parks on children's social anxiety.docx

Urban green spaces are critical to the healthy development of children's social interactions and activities. However, the relationship between urban green spaces for children's activities and the alleviation of children's social anxiety remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the link between spatial characteristics and social anxiety in children. To explore the coupling relationships among green space, play space, and social anxiety, an assessment of children's play spaces and levels of social anxiety was performed using self-reported data, OpenStreetMap captured the characteristic indicators of urban parks, and the ArcGIS and SPSS softwares were used for the mathematical analysis. The results showed that (1) both the NDVI and 10-min accessibility were significantly negatively related to children's social anxiety; (2) the diversity of service facilities, surfacing materials, and the attractiveness and challenge of the environment were negatively related to children's social anxiety; (3) there were significant differences between activity types and social anxiety. These results provide design references and a theoretical basis for improving the benefits of urban green space on children's health and wellbeing.</p

Effects of Different Soil Amendments Application on Soil Aggregate Stability and Soil Consistency under Wetting and Drying Altered Planting System

How to address improving degraded soil has become an increased concern for agricultural production. Biomass ash is used for remediation of degraded soil and improvement in soil structure. To investigate the responses of aggregate stability and soil consistency by biomass ash and other amendments, a pot experiment with a degraded soil and seven treatments including a control (CK), no fertilizer or amendment; only N-P-K fertilizer (F); N-P-K fertilizer with lime (FL), lime and zeolite (FLZ), biomass ash (FBA), biological fertilizer (FBF) and peat ash (FPA), respectively, were conducted. Stability of soil aggregate, water-holding capacity, and soil consistency was analyzed within a lettuce-water spinach-lettuce planting system. Results showed that amendment additions significantly raised the fractions of >0.25 mm soil aggregate. Applications of biomass ash reduced the percentage of aggregate destruction (PAD) by 45.07%-59.97% and reduced the value of fractal dimension (D) by 1.79–2.16 during whole cultivation period, indicating the stability of soil aggregates. Soil organic matter (SOM) plays a key role in soil consistency because of significant relationship between SOM and soil consistency indicators including plastic limit (PL), liquid limit (LL), plasticity index (PI) and liquidity index (LI). While, hydrodynamic characters and potential low clay content occurred in the soil treated with biomass ash during high moisture conditions. These findings suggest that the application of biomass ash improved the stability of soil aggregate, which improved the structural stability of degraded soil but may pose a risk to soil erosion by water force.</p

Stereochemical Inversion of a Cyano-Stabilized Grignard Reagent: Remarkable Effects of the Ethereal Solvent Structure and Concentration

Chiral organometallic reagents are useful in asymmetric synthesis, and configurational stability of these species is critical to success. In this study we followed the epimerization of a chiral Grignard reagent, prepared by Mg/Br exchange of bromonitrile <i>trans</i>-<b>2b</b>. This compound underwent highly retentive Mg/Br exchange in Et₂O; less retention was observed in 2-MeTHF and THF. Epimerization rate constants <i>k</i>_tc were determined at 195 K by measuring the diastereomer ratio of deuteration product <i>d</i>₁-<b>3b</b> as a function of the delay time before quench. Studies were also performed at varying concentrations of Et₂O in toluene. Remarkable dynamic range in <i>k</i>_tc was seen: relative to reaction at 0.12 M Et₂O in toluene, epimerization was 26-, 800-, and 1300-fold faster in Et₂O, 2-MeTHF, and THF, respectively. Thus, the identity and concentration of an ethereal solvent can dramatically affect configurational stability. Reaction stoichiometry experiments suggested that, in Et₂O, the Grignard reagent derived from <i>trans</i>-<b>2b</b> exists as an <i>i</i>-PrMgCl heterodimer; the invariance of <i>k</i>_tc over a 20-fold range in [Mg]_total ruled out mandatory deaggregation (or aggregation) on the epimerization path. Analysis of the dependency of <i>k</i>_tc on [Et₂O] and temperature in Et₂O/toluene solution at 195, 212, and 231 K indicated fast incremental solvation before rate-limiting ion-pair separation and provided an estimate of the entropic cost of capturing a solvent ligand (−13 ± 3 eu). Calculations at the MP2/6-31G*­(PCM)//B3LYP/6-31G* level provide support for these conclusions and map out a possible “ionogenic conducted tour” pathway for epimerization

DataSheet_1_Efficacy and Safety of Lenvatinib in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis.docx

BackgroundLenvatinib has shown promising efficacy in targeted therapies that have been tested to treat anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) in both preclinical and clinical studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib in the treatment of patients with ATC.MethodsPubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for potential eligible studies from inception to February 1, 2022. The outcomes included partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), disease control rate (DCR), median progression-free survival (mPFS), and median overall survival (mOS). Effect sizes for all pooled results were presented with 95% CIs with upper and lower limit.ResultsTen studies met the inclusion criteria. The aggregated results showed that the pooled PR, SD, and DCR were 15.0%, 42.0%, and 63.0%, respectively. The pooled mPFS and mOS were 3.16 (2.18–5.60) months and 3.16 (2.17–5.64) months, respectively. Furthermore, PFS rate at 3 months (PFSR-3m), PFSR-6m, PFSR-9m, PFSR-12m, and PFSR-15m were 52.0%, 22.5%, 13.9%, 8.4%, and 2.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, the 3-month OS rate (OSR-3m), OSR-6m, OSR-9m, OSR-12m, and OSR-15m were 64.0%, 39.3%, 29.7%, 18.9%, and 14.2%, respectively. The most common adverse events (AEs) of lenvatinib were hypertension (56.6%), proteinuria (32.6%), and fatigue (32%).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis showed that lenvatinib has meaningful antitumor activity, but limited clinical efficacy in ATC.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [CRD42022308624].</p

Table_1_Development of an Active Surveillance or Surgery Model to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis in cN0 Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma.docx

ObjectiveInvolvement of multiple lymph node (LN) metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) may indicate a progressive disease. To assist treatment decision, we conducted a clinical study to develop and validate a prediction model for the preoperative evaluation of LN metastasis involving more than five lymph nodes in patients with clinical N0 (cN0) PTMC.Material and MethodsUsing data from 6,337 patients with cN0 PTMCs at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from 2013 to 2017, we identified and integrated risk factors for the prediction of multiple LN metastasis to build a nomogram. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the nomogram were evaluated by the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve. The model was validated using bootstrap resampling of the training cohort and an independent temporal validation cohort at the same institution.ResultsIn the training cohort (n = 3,209 patients), six independent risk factors were identified and included the prediction model (PTMC Active Surveillance or Surgery (ASOS) Model), including age, gender, multifocality, tumor size, calcification, and aspect ratio. The PTMC ASOS model was validated both internally and through the temporal validation cohort (n = 3,128 patients) from the same institute. The C-indexes of the prediction model in the training cohort were 0.768 (95% CI, 0.698–0.838), 0.768 and 0.771 in the internal validation and external validation cohorts, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.7068 and 0.6799. The calibration curve for probability of large-LN metastasis showed good agreement between prediction by nomogram and actual observation. DCA curves were used for comparison with another model, and IDI and NRI were also calculated. The cutoff value of our model was obtained by the ROC curve. Based on this model and cut point, a web-based dynamic nomogram was developed (https://tjmuch-thyroid.shinyapps.io/PTMCASOSM/).ConclusionWe established a novel nomogram that can help to distinguish preoperatively cN0 PTMC patients with or without metastasis of multiple lymph nodes. This clinical prediction model may be used in decision making for both active surveillance and surgery.</p