2,074 research outputs found
SEARCH FOR THE STANDARD MODEL HIGGS BOSON PRODUCED IN ASSOCIATION WITH TOP QUARK PAIRS IN MULTI-LEPTONIC FINAL STATES WITH THE ATLAS DETECTOR AT THE LHC
The search for the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson produced in asso- ciation with top quarks - known as ttH production - plays a crucial role in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) physics programme, as it allows a direct measurement of the Higgs field Yukawa coupling to the heaviest fermion and can constrain effects of new physics beyond the Standard Model in the top coupling sector.
This thesis presents a search for the ttH production in an inclusive mul- tileptonic final state, with a proton-proton collision dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of Int( L dt ) = 36.1 fb 121, collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2015 and 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy 1as=13TeV.
The final state is characterised by high jet multiplicity, and the presence of several electrons and muons, as well as hadronically decaying tau leptons. The multiplicity of these physics objects allows the definition of several categories to enhance the sensitivity of the analysis.
The particular focus of my work lies on the final state where exactly two light leptons with the same electric charge and no hadronic taus are found - indicated as 2l SS 0\u3c4had - for which I developed a novel technique to estimate the reducible background of non-prompt (fake) electrons and muons.
Boosted decision tree algorithms are trained to discriminate the ttH signal events from the two major background processes in this channel: ttV (V=W,Z) and events with fake leptons. A fit of our model to the observed data is performed, and the results are interpreted using a frequentist approach. A best-fit value for the strength of the ttH production cross section with respect to the Standard Model expectation of \u3bc = 1.5+0.7 is observed.
The observed sensitivity of this search corresponds to a 2.7\u3c3 excess of events above the SM background-only hypothesis, with an expected median sensitivity of 1.9\u3c3 for a model where the SM ttH production is assumed.
Combination with the other categories of the ttH to multi-leptons analysis eventually leads to a signal strength of \u3bc = 1.6+0.5, with an observed (expected) sensitivity of 4.1\u3c3 (2.8\u3c3) above the SM background-only hypothesis.
This indicates the strongest evidence to date for the ttH production mode. Furthermore, I present a study on improvements to the ATLAS track re- construction algorithm to enhance its performance in environments with high density of tracks, such as the core of boosted hadronic jets and hadronically decaying tau leptons
Logistical gazes: Introduction to a special issue of Work Organisation, Labour and Globalisation
This article introduces this special issue of Work Organisation, Labour and Globalisation on logistics. First of all, it furnishes a brief genealogy of logistics in the modern era. Then, it frames some of the main issues in current critical debates on logistics. Finally, it presents the contents of the special issue in detail, connecting them with more general attempts to develop a 'logistical gaze' as a methodological perspective on the different and multiple transformations of contemporary capitalism
Estilos de desarrollo, ideología e Intervención antrópica en Misiones (Argentina): Un análisis multidimensional y comparativo. 16H201
Esta es una continuación del Programa ECIS (Estudio Comparativo de los
Impactos Sociales de los Grandes Proyectos de Desarrollo), constituído a
partir del 2005 en el Programa de Ecología Humana (PEH). Los ejes
convocantes para esta nueva etapa, son, en primer lugar, la compleción del
análisis del Proyecto Yacyretá, que en el período anterior concretó la
publicación de un volumen. Una segunda vertiente remite a la ideología de
los movimientos sociales opuestos a la construcción de represas y a la
concepción de desarrollo explícitas o implícitas en sus propuestos y su
comparación con otros movimientos ecologistas (Córdoba). Asimismo, nos
proponemos realizar estudios de campo de las prácticas agrícolas de los
colonos asentados en áreas de la provincia incluidas en el proyecto de
"corredor verde", con el objeto de analizar su compatibilidad o no con los
modelos de "explotación sustentable" que se vienen manejando, así como
analizar otros desarrollos recientes en el agro misionero. Finalmente, se
contemplan estudios comparativos sobre desarrollo socioeconómico de
minorías en la Patagonia argentina
Italia Ti Ascolto [Italy, i am listening]: An app-based group psychological intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic
Formative Assessment and Professional Training: Reflections from a Mathematics course in Bioengineering
Bioengineering is currently considered an interdisciplinary professional field which provides solutions to different problems arising in the area of health care. Its strategic importance is widely acknowledged since its developments and proposals could help diminish the level of technological dependence in the sector. The fast pace of innovation in the area of biomedical technology gives rise to permanent reflection on the learning goals and teaching strategies proposed by educators in the different training stages of a bioengineer. In this context, learning assessment appears as a controversial issue which needs to be debated and rethought. This paper describes the reflections of teachers of a Mathematics course within a Bioengineering program around the question, What approach to assessment favors the student's participation, autonomy and training as a future bioengineer? The investigation was carried out in the framework of a Participatory Research Action project and helped us to redesign assessment activities from a different perspective.Fil: Carrere, C.. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Milesi, S.. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Lapyckyj, I.. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Ravera, Emiliano Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Escher, L.. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Miyara, A.. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Pita, G.. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Añino, M.. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentin
Glyphosate and a glyphosate-based herbicide dysregulate the epigenetic landscape of Homeobox A10 (Hoxa10) gene during the endometrial receptivity in Wistar rats
We observed that gestational plus lactational exposure to glyphosate (Gly), as active ingredient, or a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) lead to preimplantation losses in F1 female Wistar rats. Here, we investigated whether GBH and/or Gly exposure could impair Hoxa10 gene transcription by inducing epigenetic changes during the receptive stage in rats, as a possible herbicide mechanism implicated in implantation failures. F0 dams were treated with Gly or a GBH through a food dose of 2 mg Gly/kg bw/day from gestational day (GD) 9 up to lactational day 21. F1 female rats were bred, and uterine tissues were analyzed on GD5 (preimplantation period). Transcripts levels of Hoxa10, DNA methyltransferases (Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b), histone deacetylases (Hdac-1 and Hdac-3) and histone methyltransferase (EZH2) were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Four CpG islands containing sites targeted by BstUI methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme and predicted transcription factors (TFs) were identified in Hoxa10 gene. qPCR-based methods were used to evaluate DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications (hPTMs) in four regulatory regions (RRs) along the gene by performing methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, respectively. GBH and Gly downregulated Hoxa10 mRNA. GBH and Gly increased DNA methylation levels and Gly also induced higher levels than GBH in all the RRs analyzed. Both GBH and Gly enriched histone H3 and H4 acetylation in most of the RRs. While GBH caused higher H3 acetylation, Gly caused higher H4 acetylation in all RRs. Finally, GBH and Gly enhanced histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) marker at 3 out of 4 RRs studied which was correlated with increased EZH2 levels. In conclusion, exposure to GBH and Gly during both gestational plus lactational phases induces epigenetic modifications in regulatory regions of uterine Hoxa10 gene. We show for the first time that Gly and a GBH cause comparable gene expression and epigenetic changes. Our results might contribute to delineate the mechanisms involved in the implantation failures previously reported. Finally, we propose that epigenetic information might be a valuable tool for risk assessment in the near future, although more research is needed to establish a cause-effect relationship
Genomic data provide new insights on the demographic history and the extent of recent material transfers in Norway spruce
Primeval forests are today exceedingly rare in Europe, and transfer of forest reproductive material for afforestation and improvement has been very common, especially over the last two centuries. This can be a serious impediment when inferring past population movements in response to past climate changes such as the last glacial maximum (LGM), some 18,000 years ago. In the present study, we genotyped 1,672 individuals from three Picea species (P. abies, P. obovata, and P. omorika) at 400K SNPs using exome capture to infer the past demographic history of Norway spruce (P. abies) and estimate the amount of recent introduction used to establish the Norway spruce breeding program in southern Sweden. Most of these trees belong to P. abies and originate from the base populations of the Swedish breeding program. Others originate from populations across the natural ranges of the three species. Of the 1,499 individuals stemming from the breeding program, a large proportion corresponds to recent introductions from mainland Europe. The split of P. omorika occurred 23 million years ago (mya), while the divergence between P. obovata and P. abies began 17.6 mya. Demographic inferences retrieved the same main clusters within P. abies than previous studies, that is, a vast northern domain ranging from Norway to central Russia, where the species is progressively replaced by Siberian spruce (P. obovata) and two smaller domains, an Alpine domain and a Carpathian one, but also revealed further subdivision and gene flow among clusters. The three main domains divergence was ancient (15 mya), and all three went through a bottleneck corresponding to the LGM. Approximately 17% of P. abies Nordic domain migrated from P. obovata ~103K years ago, when both species had much larger effective population sizes. Our analysis of genomewide polymorphism data thus revealed the complex demographic history of Picea genus in Western Europe and highlighted the importance of material transfer in Swedish breeding program
Activation of human smooth muscle BK channels by hydrochlorothiazide requires cell integrity and the presence of BK β1 subunit
Thiazide-like diuretics are the most commonly used drugs to treat arterial hypertension, with their efficacy being linked to their chronic vasodilatory effect. Previous studies suggest that activation of the large conductance voltage- and Ca2+-dependent K+ (BK) channel (Slo 1, MaxiK channel) is responsible for the thiazide-induced vasodilatory effect. But the direct electrophysiological evidence supporting this claim is lacking. BK channels can be associated with one small accessory β-subunit (β1–β4) that confers specific biophysical and pharmacological characteristics to the current phenotype. The β1-subunit is primarily expressed in smooth muscle cells (SMCs). In this study we investigated the effect of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) on BK channel activity in native SMCs from human umbilical artery (HUASMCs) and HEK293T cells expressing the BK channel (with and without the β1-subunit). Bath application of HCTZ (10 µmol/L) significantly augmented the BK current in HUASMCs when recorded using the whole-cell configurations, but it did not affect the unitary conductance and open probability of the BK channel in HUASMCs evaluated in the inside-out configuration, suggesting an indirect mechanism requiring cell integrity. In HEK293T cells expressing BK channels, HCTZ-augmented BK channel activity was only observed when the β1-subunit was co-expressed, being concentration-dependent with an EC50 of 28.4 µmol/L, whereas membrane potential did not influence the concentration relationship. Moreover, HCTZ did not affect the BK channel current in HEK293T cells evaluated in the inside-out configuration, but significantly increases the open probability in the cell-attached configuration. Our data demonstrate that a β1-subunit-dependent mechanism that requires SMC integrity leads to HCTZ-induced BK channel activation.Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológico
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