STATUS AND TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE IN BULGARIA

This study presents the results of an empirical research on the status and trends in the development of agricultural insurance in Bulgaria conducted in 2015. Data is systematized and analyzed; the dynamics of the development of agricultural insurance in Bulgaria for the period 2010-2014 is also studied. It was found out that agricultural producers express great interest in purchasing agricultural insurance. As a result, there is a significant increase in the scope of agricultural insurance in the Bulgarian insurance market

Impact of Public Expenditures on the Dynamics of Economic Development of the Republic of Bulgaria

Introduction. Regardless of the degree of government intervention in the economy, government spending is huge and often dominant in fiscal policy. Given the fact that costs are the main tool for fulfilling the economic and social functions of the state, adequate measures are needed to maximize their provision. The main goal of economic policy in Bulgaria is to ensure high economic growth in order to reach the average levels of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita in the EU, therefore it is requires to identify all instruments that can affect the level of aggregate production. Aim and tasks. The purpose of this study is to analyze the main factors influencing the effectiveness of government spending on the basis of in-depth analysis and guidance on the implementation of public spending in the Republic of Bulgaria. The following main tasks have been set for the realization of the stated goal: disclosure of the essence and content, through theoretical statements about gross domestic product and government spending; carrying out an analysis of gross domestic product for the period 2010-2020; carrying out an analysis of government expenditures for the period 2010-2020; establishing a link between development of gross domestic product and government spending for the period 2010-2020. Results. Public spending has the potential to play the role of a kind of public lever for reducing the risks of poverty and social exclusion only when it is focused on the real causes of the problem and reaches the ultimate beneficiaries of the system. In 2020, compared to 2010, the gross domestic product increased by a little over BGN 46 million or by 63.8%.  The effect of the crisis was reflected in the main macroeconomic aggregates, with a negative rate of -0.4 compared to 2019. In 2020, compared to 2010, government spending increased by just over BGN 20 million or 76.4%.  Conclusions. During the considered period 2010-2020, there is a continuous economic growth both compared to the base year and compared to each subsequent year. For the entire period of the study, the pace of development of government expenditures outpaces the pace of GDP development. For the period 2010-2020 consolidated expenditures form a real share of redistribution through public finances in the ratio of about 35-40 percent of gross domestic product

Trends in investments of insurance companies in Bulgaria for period 2010-2015

Publicat in: Culegerea de articole şi teze ale comunicărilor prezentate în cadrul Conferinței Ştiințifice Internaționale "Rolul investițiilor în dezvoltarea economiei digitale în contextul globalizării financiare" consacrate celei de-a 25 aniversări de la fondarea ASEM, Chişinău, 22-23 decembrie 2016 = Collection of articles and theses of the communications presented within the International Scientific Conference dedicated to the 25th anniversary since the founding of AESM "Role of investments in the development of digital economy in the context of financial globalization", December 22-23, 2016. - Chişinău : ASEM, 2017. - 261 p. ; tab., fig.. - Antetit.: Academia de Studii Economice a Moldovei, Catedra Investiții și Piețe de Capital. - Include bibliogr.. - ISBN 978-9975-75-866-6. (p.123-124)In recent years, it is particularly relevant topic related to investment activities of insurance companies. These companies are actively involved with performing investment activities, creating conditions for further acceleration of economic development. For obtaining a clearer idea of what is necessary to trace the dynamics of investment in insurance to total investments in the country, which will outline, to some extent, the effect of insurance companies on the economy. JEL: G2

Local population, tourism, hotel and restaurant enterprises as the main producers of municipal solid waste

The study analyzed the state of municipal solid waste management in Ukraine and found that the coverage of separate waste collection is low. There is an insufficient supply of different types of containers for separate waste collection. Less than 20% of the population is covered by separate collection and most settlements have containers for separate collection of PET bottles only. Only 31% of the population expressed their intention to participate in sorting. The reasons for the low level of sorting are not surprising, as in addition to the low level of environmental awareness among Ukrainians, municipalities, with the exception of large regional centres, have not yet created the right conditions for sorting. A sociological survey was carried out and the results analysed using Spearman's rank correlation in order to identify the most effective measures for influencing the population's environmental behaviour

Local population, tourism, hotel and restaurant enterprises as the main producers of municipal solid waste

The study analyzed the state of municipal solid waste management in Ukraine and found that the coverage of separate waste collection is low. There is an insufficient supply of different types of containers for separate waste collection. Less than 20% of the population is covered by separate collection and most settlements have containers for separate collection of PET bottles only. Only 31% of the population expressed their intention to participate in sorting. The reasons for the low level of sorting are not surprising, as in addition to the low level of environmental awareness among Ukrainians, municipalities, with the exception of large regional centres, have not yet created the right conditions for sorting. A sociological survey was carried out and the results analysed using Spearman's rank correlation in order to identify the most effective measures for influencing the population's environmental behaviour

Sustainable development of the agrosocial system on the basis of innovative competitiveness in the context of post-war reconstruction of Ukraine

The importance of sustainable development of the agrosocial system of Ukraine after the war period is considered. Focusing on innovative competitiveness, the forecasting methods necessary to achieve sustainable development in the agrosocial system are identified. It is established that the main goal of the strategy for the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine is to develop agriculture, which will ensure food security of the country, production of high-quality agricultural products in sufficient volumes to meet the needs of the population and processing industries, and will become a reliable economic base for the socio-economic development of Ukrainian rural areas. It is determined that the post-war recovery of Ukraine directly depends on the restoration and sustainable development of the agrosocial sector, which ensures food security and economic stability through innovative competitiveness. Thus, the sustainable development of the agro-social sector involves a balance between economic growth, social justice and environmental sustainability. It is proved that in the context of Ukraine, this approach requires: economic efficiency (increased productivity and profitability of production); environmental sustainability (conservation of natural resources, reduction of negative impact on the environment); social responsibility (improvement of working and living conditions of the rural population)

ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL NO. 8 (COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS FOR POLAND AND UKRAINE)

In recent years, many countries have focused on sustainable development issues in their economic policies. In turn, institutional quality is important for ensuring the sustainable development of the state. One of the key Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is Goal 8 - Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all (SDG8). Achieving this goal is particularly important both for Ukraine, which has faced serious demographic problems due to Russian military aggression, and for Poland, which has accepted a large number of refugees from Ukraine. The aim of the article is to determine the role of institutional quality in ensuring the implementation of SDG8 for Poland and Ukraine. To achieve this objective, the paper uses the following methods: visualisation, calculation of Spearman's rank correlation coefficients, logarithmic transformations, Augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF test), and Granger causality test. The study uses the World Bank's SDG 8 indicators as well as the Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) for Ukraine and Poland. The data cover the period from 1996 to 2020. The calculation results showed that the correlations between WGI and SDG8 indicators are country-specific. The Granger test demonstrated that causal relationships between WGI and SDG8 indicators in the first and second differences of logarithms vary for Ukraine and Poland. The identified patterns allow us to conclude that the impact of the institutional environment on economic performance has cross-country variations. In addition, the comparison of data for Ukraine and Poland shows that different institutions in the countries have dissimilar effects on employment and productivity by sector. All calculations were carried out by EViews 12 and Statistica programmes

Sustainable development of the agrosocial system on the basis of innovative competitiveness in the context of post-war reconstruction of Ukraine

The importance of sustainable development of the agrosocial system of Ukraine after the war period is considered. Focusing on innovative competitiveness, the forecasting methods necessary to achieve sustainable development in the agrosocial system are identified. It is established that the main goal of the strategy for the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine is to develop agriculture, which will ensure food security of the country, production of high-quality agricultural products in sufficient volumes to meet the needs of the population and processing industries, and will become a reliable economic base for the socio-economic development of Ukrainian rural areas. It is determined that the post-war recovery of Ukraine directly depends on the restoration and sustainable development of the agrosocial sector, which ensures food security and economic stability through innovative competitiveness. Thus, the sustainable development of the agro-social sector involves a balance between economic growth, social justice and environmental sustainability. It is proved that in the context of Ukraine, this approach requires: economic efficiency (increased productivity and profitability of production); environmental sustainability (conservation of natural resources, reduction of negative impact on the environment); social responsibility (improvement of working and living conditions of the rural population)

Mechanisms of Stimulation of Small and Medium-Sized Entrepreneurship : The Experience of Kazakhstan

This study aimed to investigate the prerequisites, factors, and mechanisms for stimulating economic growth in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), using the manufacturing industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a case study. Econometric tools, including statistical methods, regression analysis, time series analysis, scenario development methods, and the decision tree method, were employed to analyze the data. This research employed a range of scientific and applied methods, resulting in practical outcomes that can be utilized by SMEs to model various development scenarios. The key factors influencing SME development, such as the costs of technological innovations, average monthly wages, level of innovative activity, and investments in fixed capital, were identified. Based on these factors and the diagnosis of the state, a mechanism for state stimulation of entrepreneurship, encompassing financial incentives, tax breaks, infrastructure support, and targeted training programs, was developed. This mechanism includes a system of incentives, goal-setting, and tool formation. This study also developed a model to evaluate the potential impact of measures at the regional level on production volume growth in the manufacturing industry, presenting three scenarios—pessimistic, realistic, and optimistic—for consideration, which are significant for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders in the field. Stakeholders, including investors and industry practitioners, can apply the recommended strategies to foster innovation and drive economic growth. This study provided actionable recommendations and a robust framework for stimulating SME growth, offering valuable insights for enhancing the economic resilience and industrial development of Kazakhstan

Impact of Public Expenditures on the Dynamics of Economic Development of the Republic of Bulgaria

Introduction. Regardless of the degree of government intervention in the economy, government spending is huge and often dominant in fiscal policy. Given the fact that costs are the main tool for fulfilling the economic and social functions of the state, adequate measures are needed to maximize their provision. The main goal of economic policy in Bulgaria is to ensure high economic growth in order to reach the average levels of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita in the EU, therefore it is requires to identify all instruments that can affect the level of aggregate production.&#x0D; Aim and tasks. The purpose of this study is to analyze the main factors influencing the effectiveness of government spending on the basis of in-depth analysis and guidance on the implementation of public spending in the Republic of Bulgaria. The following main tasks have been set for the realization of the stated goal: disclosure of the essence and content, through theoretical statements about gross domestic product and government spending; carrying out an analysis of gross domestic product for the period 2010-2020; carrying out an analysis of government expenditures for the period 2010-2020; establishing a link between development of gross domestic product and government spending for the period 2010-2020.&#x0D; Results. Public spending has the potential to play the role of a kind of public lever for reducing the risks of poverty and social exclusion only when it is focused on the real causes of the problem and reaches the ultimate beneficiaries of the system. In 2020, compared to 2010, the gross domestic product increased by a little over BGN 46 million or by 63.8%.  The effect of the crisis was reflected in the main macroeconomic aggregates, with a negative rate of -0.4 compared to 2019. In 2020, compared to 2010, government spending increased by just over BGN 20 million or 76.4%. &#x0D; Conclusions. During the considered period 2010-2020, there is a continuous economic growth both compared to the base year and compared to each subsequent year. For the entire period of the study, the pace of development of government expenditures outpaces the pace of GDP development. For the period 2010-2020 consolidated expenditures form a real share of redistribution through public finances in the ratio of about 35-40 percent of gross domestic product.</jats:p