Probing physics beyond the standard model in diatomic molecules

De nos jours, l'incomplétude du modèle standard des particules est largement reconnue. L'une de ses failles les plus évidentes est le manque d'explication de l'énorme excédent de matière par rapport à l'antimatière dans l'univers, que l'on appelle l'asymétrie baryonique de l'univers. De nouvelles violations de CP (conjugaison de charge et parité spatiale) absentes dans le modèle standard sont supposées être responsables de cette asymétrie. Une telle violation pourrait être observée dans la matière ordinaire à travers un ensemble d'interactions violant les symétries de parité et de renversement du temps (impaires pour P,T) dont les prépondérantes sont les interactions du moment dipolaire électrique de l'électron (eEDM), électron-nucléon scalaire-pseudoscalaire (enSPS) et du moment quadripolaire magnétique nucléaire (nMQM). Ainsi, une preuve expérimentale d'une constante d'interaction impaire pour P,T serait une preuve de cette nouvelle physique au-delà du modèle standard. Le calcul des paramètres moléculaires correspondants est réalisé en utilisant une approche d'interaction de configurations relativiste à quatre composantes dans des molécules diatomiques polaires contenant un actinide, qui sont des systèmes particulièrement appropriés pour les expèriences eEDM, tels que ThO qui a permis d'assigner à l'eEDM la borne supérieure la plus contraignante et ThF+ qui sera utilisé dans une expérience à venir. Ces résultats sont d'une importance cruciale dans l'interprétation des mesures puisque les constantes fondamentales ne peuvent être évaluées que si l'on associe les mesures de décalages énergétiques et les paramètres moléculaires théoriques.Nowadays, the incompleteness of the Standard Model of particles is largely acknowledged. One of its most obvious shortcomings is the lack of explanation for the huge surplus of matter over antimatter in the universe, the so-called Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe. New CP (Charge conjugation and spatial Parity) violations absent in the SM are assumed to be responsible for this asymmetry. Such a violation could be observed in ordinary matter through a set of interactions violating both parity and time-reversal symmetries (P,T-odd), among which the preponderant ones are the electron Electric Dipole Moment (eEDM), the electron-nucleon scalar-pseudoscalar (enSPS) and the nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment (nMQM) interactions. Hence, an experimental evidence of a non-zero P,T-odd interaction constant would be a probe of this New Physics beyond the Standard Model. The calculation of the corresponding molecular parameters is performed by making use of an elaborate four-component relativistic configuration interaction approach in polar diatomic molecules containing an actinide, that are particularly adequate systems for eEDM experiments, such as ThO that allowed for assigning the most constraining upper bound on the eEDM and ThF+ that will be used in a forthcoming experiment. Those results will be of crucial importance in the interpretation of the measurements since the fundamental constants can only be evaluated if one combines both experimental energy shift measurements and theoretical molecular parameters

The PAC-associated transcripts identified with IPA in the Mitochondrial dysfunction canonical pathway.

<p>Table shows symbol, Entrez gene name and correlation coefficient, R.</p

Analysis of Gene Ontology in transcripts that were associated with paternal age at conception.

<p>The table shows GO term, GO term description, p-value and Benjamini-Hochberg corrected p-value.</p

The PAC-associated transcripts identified with IPA in the Oxidative phosphorylation canonical pathway.

<p>Table shows symbol, Entrez gene name and correlation coefficient, R.</p

Affected <i>Oxidative Phosphorylation</i> pathway.

<p>The down-regulation of the genes in <i>Oxidative Phosphorylation</i> pathway is associated with increased PAC. The identified transcripts were components of complexes I, II, III and IV of the respiratory chain in mitochondria. Transcript ATP5LΔ in complex V is not shown. The figure was produced using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis tool.</p

The associated transcripts inside the GO term <i>Mitochondrial translational termination</i>.

<p>All but one are exclusively down-regulated. Table shows gene name, gene description, correlation coefficient (Spearman’s Rho) and Benjamini-Hochberg-adjusted p-value.</p

Clinical laboratory indicators in study subjects with PUUV nephropathia epidemica.

a<p>AKI = acute kidney injury; severe AKI = >3-fold rise in serum creatinine during acute illness compared to a 6 month baseline value.</p>b<p>Values are median (95% confidence interval of median).</p

Maximum urine IL-6, plasma IL-6, and urine IL-8 concentrations are positively correlated with the degree of PUUV-induced AKI.

<p>a) maximum urine IL-6 levels b) maximum plasma IL-6 levels c) maximum urine IL-8 levels d) maximum plasma IL-8 levels.</p

Characteristics of study subjects with PUUV nephropathia epidemica.

a<p>AKI = acute kidney injury; severe AKI = >3-fold rise in serum creatinine during acute illness compared to a 6 month baseline value.</p>b<p>Values are median (95% confidence interval of median).</p

Multivariate statistical models for acute kidney injury in study subjects with PUUV nephropathia epidemica.

a<p>Odds ratio (OR) for developing severe PUUV-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) compared to non-severe AKI. Severe AKI = >3-fold rise in serum creatinine during acute illness compared to a 6 month baseline value.</p>b<p>95% confidence interval (CI) for the Odds Ratio.</p>c<p>log₁₀ transformed variable.</p>d<p>White blood cell (WBC).</p>e<p>Linear regression of log₁₀ transformed peak creatinine ratio vs. log₁₀ transformed variables.</p>f<p>95% confidence interval (CI) for the linear regression coefficient.</p