Highly Active Depleting Agent of Lithium Enabled High-Rate and Long-Life Lithium Metal Batteries

Lithium metal is a highly potential anode material for developing high specific energy density battery systems, but the uncontrollable generation and growth of lithium dendrites upon plating/stripping reduces the reversible capacity of batteries and Coulombic efficiency and possibly leads to short circuit or even fire, all of which retard the commercial application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). In this work, a modified separator with a thin layer of Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) inserted between two traditional polypropylene (PP) separators was presented to effectively eliminate the influence of lithium dendrites and improve the rate performance and lifetime of LMBs. Benefiting from the good wettability to the electrolyte, high conductivity of lithium ions, and quick depletion of lithium dendrites due to the insertion of lithium into the LTO lattice, LMBs with LTO-modified separator display excellent electrochemical performances, e.g., in the Li–Li cells, and an ultralong and stable operation over 1000 h at an areal current density of 0.5 mA/cm2 can be realized. More interestingly, in Li/LFP full cells, a high discharge capacity of 135 mAh/g at 1C with a lifetime over 600 cycles and 120 mAh/g at 5C with a lifetime over 300 cycles can be achieved. These inspiring results suggest a feasible route to achieve a safer, longer-life, and higher-rate LMB

Highly Active Depleting Agent of Lithium Enabled High-Rate and Long-Life Lithium Metal Batteries

Lithium metal is a highly potential anode material for developing high specific energy density battery systems, but the uncontrollable generation and growth of lithium dendrites upon plating/stripping reduces the reversible capacity of batteries and Coulombic efficiency and possibly leads to short circuit or even fire, all of which retard the commercial application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). In this work, a modified separator with a thin layer of Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) inserted between two traditional polypropylene (PP) separators was presented to effectively eliminate the influence of lithium dendrites and improve the rate performance and lifetime of LMBs. Benefiting from the good wettability to the electrolyte, high conductivity of lithium ions, and quick depletion of lithium dendrites due to the insertion of lithium into the LTO lattice, LMBs with LTO-modified separator display excellent electrochemical performances, e.g., in the Li–Li cells, and an ultralong and stable operation over 1000 h at an areal current density of 0.5 mA/cm2 can be realized. More interestingly, in Li/LFP full cells, a high discharge capacity of 135 mAh/g at 1C with a lifetime over 600 cycles and 120 mAh/g at 5C with a lifetime over 300 cycles can be achieved. These inspiring results suggest a feasible route to achieve a safer, longer-life, and higher-rate LMB

Additional file 7: of High expression of Ras-related protein 1A promotes an aggressive phenotype in colorectal cancer via PTEN/FOXO3/CCND1 pathway

Figure S5. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis depicts PTEN signaling pathways based on microarray data and available literatures (TIF 1204 kb

Additional file 6: of High expression of Ras-related protein 1A promotes an aggressive phenotype in colorectal cancer via PTEN/FOXO3/CCND1 pathway

Figure S4. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis depicts IL-8 signaling pathways based on microarray data and available literatures (TIF 515 kb

Additional file 3: of High expression of Ras-related protein 1A promotes an aggressive phenotype in colorectal cancer via PTEN/FOXO3/CCND1 pathway

Figure S2. RAP1A overexpression promotes the growth of DLD-1 CRC cells in vitro. a: RAP1A expression is higher in overexpression (OE) group than that in negative control (NC) group. b: the relative 490 nm absorbance of OE group increases more quickly than that of NC group within five days. c: RAP1A overexpression has no significant impact on the phase fraction in DLD-1 cells. d: the apoptosis rates of OE group are lower than that of NC group. e: the clone numbers of OE group are more than that of NC group. (TIF 4391 kb

Additional file 1: of High expression of Ras-related protein 1A promotes an aggressive phenotype in colorectal cancer via PTEN/FOXO3/CCND1 pathway

Table S1. Primer sequences for the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (DOC 76 kb

Additional file 5: of High expression of Ras-related protein 1A promotes an aggressive phenotype in colorectal cancer via PTEN/FOXO3/CCND1 pathway

Table S2. The top ten significantly changed Canonical Pathway based on microarray analysis. (DOC 41 kb

Additional file 2: of High expression of Ras-related protein 1A promotes an aggressive phenotype in colorectal cancer via PTEN/FOXO3/CCND1 pathway

Figure S1. Upper: The fluorescence microscopy detects the transfection efficiency of each shRNA (KD1, KD2 and KD3). Lower: qRT-PCR assay demonstrates the mRNA level of RAP1A gene is lowest in SW620 cells transfected with KD3 shRNA. (TIF 19639 kb

Additional file 4: of High expression of Ras-related protein 1A promotes an aggressive phenotype in colorectal cancer via PTEN/FOXO3/CCND1 pathway

Figure S3. Z-scores of top ten canonical pathways (TIF 322 kb

Additional file 8: of High expression of Ras-related protein 1A promotes an aggressive phenotype in colorectal cancer via PTEN/FOXO3/CCND1 pathway

Figure S6. Z-scores of top ten enriched diseases and functions (TIF 305 kb