25(OH)D test results.

<p>The results of the only or the first 25(OH)D test were classified into 3 groups: deficiency (≤20 ng/ml), insufficiency (>20 but <30 ng/ml), or sufficiency (≥30 ng/ml). Upper left, results from all patients who underwent 25(OH)D testing. Upper right, results from the patients who had only been tested once. Lower left, results from the patients who had 2 or more 25(OH)D tests. Lower right, results from the patients who had another test at 300–400 days after the first one.</p

Comparison of patients who did only 1 25(OH)D test and those who did 2 or more 25(OH)D tests in the study period.

<p>Statistical analysis was performed to assess the significance of the differences between the two groups.</p><p>*<i>p</i><0.05,</p><p>**<i>p</i><0.01,</p><p>***<i>p</i><0.001.</p

Comparison of 4 groups of patients who did another 25(OH)D test at ∼1 year after the first one.

<p>Sufficient-to-sufficient, patients with sufficient VD results from both tests; sufficient-to-low, patients with sufficient results from the first test but abnormally low results (VD-insufficient or deficient) from the second; low-to-sufficient, patients with abnormally low results from the first test but sufficient results from the second one; low-to-low, patients with abnormally low results from both tests. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the significance of the differences between the sufficient-to-sufficient and sufficient-to-low groups, and between the low-to-sufficient and low-to-low groups.</p><p>*<i>p</i><0.05,</p><p>**<i>p</i><0.01,</p><p>***<i>p</i><0.001.</p

Demographics of the patients who had another 25(OH)D test at about 1 year after the first one.

<p>Upper left, the patients with sufficient 25(OH)D results from both tests (sufficient-to-sufficient). Upper right, the patients with sufficient 25(OH)D results from the first test but abnormally low results (VD-insufficient or deficient) from the second (sufficient-to-low). Lower left, the patients with abnormally low results from the first test but sufficient results from the second one (low-to-sufficient). Lower right, the patients with abnormally low results from both tests (low-to-low).</p

Demographics of the managed care population (Top) and the patients who underwent 25(OH)D testing (Middle) over a 3-year period.

<p>The numbers of patients who did multiple tests were also shown (Bottom).</p

Six-Decade Change in Water Chemistry of Large Freshwater Lake Taihu, China

Taihu lake has become a hot spot internationally due to its algae bloom. However, its natural water chemistry (major ions) received little attention though it is equally important for drinking water and aquatic ecology. Using historical data (1950s–2012) we explored the drastic change of Taihu water chemistry over the past six decades and the driving factors. Results show that major ions increased around 2–7-fold and TDS increased nearly 3-fold during the last 60 years. The dominant cation has shifted from Ca²⁺ to Na⁺, and the current Cl^– is dominant over HCO₃^–, the predominant anion before the 2000s. Analyses show that population increase and human activities were the major driving factors responsible for the drastic change. Whereas the mechanism of increase was different for ions, i.e., Na⁺ and Cl^– increase was directly related to the population increase and sewage discharge in the basin; SO₄^2‑ was related to atmospheric deposition derived from increasing coal consumption and SO₂ emissions; hardness (Ca and Mg) increase was closely linked to the acidic precipitation. No increase trend of HCO₃^– was attributable to frequent outbreaks of algae bloom which consumed HCO₃^–. Estimation indicated that sewage discharge in the basin contributed 23% to the lake in terms of Cl^–, exceeding the contribution from rock weathering. Current water chemistry of Taihu lake has become “anthropogenic dominance” from its original rock dominance

The role of PI3K/Akt signaling in the protection by fasudil was evaluated by using an Akt inhibitor, LY294002.

<p>Sham group, I/R group and I/R+fasudil group were either given LY294002 or placebo (n = 6 for each group rats treated with LY294002 for both time points, all the other rats are the same as shown in above). Western blotting was performed, targeting phosphorylation levels of Akt (representative protein bands shown in Panel A and quantified in bar graph in Panel B); JAK2 (Panel C & D), STAT3 (Panel E & F) and PLB (Panel G & H). SERCA protein expression levels (Panel I & J) were also analyzed. All data expressed as mean±SD. * denotes P<0.05 vs. Sham groups; †, P<0.05 vs. I/R group at the same time point and ‡, P<0.05 vs. I/R+fasudil group at the same time point.</p

Effect of Individualized Dietary Intervention on Oxidative Stress in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Complicated by Tuberculosis in Xinjiang, China

Provide enhanced digital features for this article If you are an author of this publication and would like to provide additional enhanced digital features for your article then please contact [email protected]. The journal offers a range of additional features designed to increase visibility and readership. All features will be thoroughly peer reviewed to ensure the content is of the highest scientific standard and all features are marked as ‘peer reviewed’ to ensure readers are aware that the content has been reviewed to the same level as the articles they are being presented alongside. Moreover, all sponsorship and disclosure information is included to provide complete transparency and adherence to good publication practices. This ensures that however the content is reached the reader has a full understanding of its origin. No fees are charged for hosting additional open access content. Other enhanced features include, but are not limited to: • Slide decks • Videos and animations • Audio abstracts • Audio slides</p

SERCA activity, PLB phosphorylation and SERCA protein expression levels were measured.

<p>Using the same tissue obtained from each group as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0048115#pone-0048115-g002" target="_blank">figure 2</a>, SERCA activity (Panel A), phosphorylation level of PLB (representative protein bands shown in Panel B and quantification in bar graph of Panel C) and SERCA protein expression level (Panel D & E) were quantified also shown. All data expressed as mean±SD. * denotes P<0.05 vs. Sham groups at the same time point and †, P<0.05 vs. I/R group at the same time point.</p