Nanofibers Loaded with Nonthermal Nitrogen Plasma-Treated g‑C₃N₄ for Efficient Visible Light-Driven Photodegradation of Omethoate

Photocatalytic degradation is an effective strategy to reduce food safety risks caused by the residual organophosphorus pesticide omethoate in fruits and vegetables. In order to avoid secondary pollution of photocatalysts and reduce costs, in this paper, visible light-driven photocatalytic active composite nanofibers were successfully synthesized by loading nonthermal nitrogen plasma-treated graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4) onto poly­(ethylene oxide) nanofibers. When the carbon nitride loading amount was 0.5%, the photodegradation rate of omethoate by nanofibers was the highest. Although the treatment of high-power nonthermal nitrogen plasma does not significantly affect the chemical structure of g-C3N4, it can change the abundance of its surface reactive sites. This modification significantly improved the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4, increasing the photocurrent intensity by more than 90% and increasing the photodegradation rate of omethoate by more than 100%. Possible photocatalytic mechanisms have also been discussed. This work can further enhance the application potential of g-C3N4 in the field of pesticide photocatalytic degradation

Real time-RT-PCR primer sequence.

<p>Real time-RT-PCR primer sequence.</p

Multipathway Antibacterial Mechanism of a Nanoparticle-Supported Artemisinin Promoted by Nitrogen Plasma Treatment

Artemisinin has excellent antimalarial, antiparasitic, and antibacterial activities; however, the poor water solubility of artemisinin crystal limits their application in antibiosis. Herein, artemisinin crystal was first composited with silica nanoparticles (SNPs) to form an artemisinin@silica nanoparticle (A@SNP). After treating with nitrogen plasma, the aqueous solubility of plasma-treated A@SNP (A@SNP-p) approaches 42.26%, which is possibly attributed to the exposure of hydrophilic groups such as −OH groups on the SNPs during the plasma process. Compared with the pristine A@SNP, the antibacterial activity of A@SNP-p against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains is further enhanced, and its bactericidal rate against both strains exceeded 6 log CFU/mL (>99.9999%), which is contributed by the increased water solubility of the A@SNP-p. A possible multipathway antibacterial mechanism of A@SNP was proposed and preliminarily proved by the changes of intracellular materials of bacteria and the inhibition of bacterial metabolism processes, including the HMP pathway in Gram-negative strain and EMP pathway in Gram-positive strain, after treating with A@SNP-p. These findings from the present work will provide a new view for fabricating artemisinin-based materials as antibiotics

MOESM1 of Cytological evidence of BSD2 functioning in both chloroplast division and dimorphic chloroplast formation in maize leaves

Additional file 1: Table S1. The sequences of the gene specific primers

Correlation between miR-504 expression, DRD1 gene expression and depression-like behaviors.

<p>A) Correlation between miR-504 expression and DRD1 mRNA expression. B) Correlation between DRD1 mRNA expression and DRD1 protein expression. C) Correlation between miR-504 expression and the sucrose preference rate. D) Correlation between miR-504 expression and the immobility time.</p

Correlation between DRD1 gene expression and depression-like behaviors.

<p>A) Correlation between DRD1 mRNA expression and the sucrose preference rate. B) Correlation between DRD1 mRNA expression and the immobility time. C) Correlation between DRD1 protein expression and the sucrose preference rate. D) Correlation between DRD1 protein expression and the immobility time.</p

The comparison of behavioral indexes in sucrose preference test, forced swim test and the body weight among groups (M±SD).

<p>Notes: * compared with non-MD/Control group, <i>p</i><0.05;</p>Δ<p>compared with non-MD/CUS group, <i>p</i><0.05;</p>#<p>compared with MD/Control group, <i>p</i><0.05.</p

The comparison of miR-504, DRD1 mRNA, DRD1 protein expression among groups in NAc (M±SD).

<p>Notes: * compared with non-MD/Control group, <i>p</i><0.05;</p>Δ<p>compared with non-MD/CUS group, <i>p</i><0.05;</p>#<p>compared with MD/Control group, <i>p</i><0.05.</p

Western blot of DRD1, DRD2 and β-actin among groups.

<p>A) Western blot of DRD1 and β-actin among groups. B) Western blot of DRD2 and β-actin among groups.</p

Correlation between DRD2 gene expression and depression-like behaviors.

<p>A) Correlation between DRD2 mRNA expression and miR-504 expression. B) Correlation between DRD2 mRNA expression and DRD2 protein expression. C) Correlation between DRD2 mRNA expression and the sucrose preference rate. D) Correlation between DRD2 mRNA expression and the immobility time. E) Correlation between DRD2 protein expression and the sucrose preference rate. F) Correlation between DRD2 protein expression and the immobility time.</p