Riding under the influence: unravelling substance abuse patterns among motorcyclists in South-Eastern Nigeria

Background: Drug and substance abuse has been outlined as a worldwide problem that is wreaking havoc on both social and public health across many nations. It is a global problem that affects both developed and developing countries. The objective of this study was to assess substance abuse among Okada riders in Nnewi, Anambra State, Eastern Nigeria. Methods: Drug and substance abuse has been outlined as a worldwide problem that is wreaking havoc on both social and public health across many nations. It is a global problem that affects both developed and developing countries. The objective of this study was to assess substance abuse among Okada riders in Nnewi, Anambra State, Eastern Nigeria. Results: About 221 Okada riders were assessed. Majority of them were middle aged. The mean age of the respondents were 39.5±11.1 years, with a range of 19-65 years. About 100% of the respondents were aware of substance abuse. Overall 73.3% of the respondents abuse at least a substance, with alcohol recording the highest use with 93.8% prevalence. About 77.2% of the abusers have taken these drugs before driving, and 65.2% have been involved in an accident, however only 5.4% admitted it was as a result of substance used. Conclusions: The prevalence of substances use among Okada riders in Nnewi was high. There was however a high awareness of the negative consequences of use of substance. Non-governmental organizations should target Okada riders for interpersonal communication interventions to help mitigate the use of substances

Adult Educators’ Views on Effective Mentoring in Greece: A Qualitative Study

The aim of the present research is to record and investigate the views of the adult education educators on the effectiveness of the use mentoring in their pedagogy. The effectiveness is expressed in terms of the expected outcomes of the adult education process, as these are defined by the participants: occupational/professional, personal, and educational. A dynamic model of mentoring effectiveness is designed and applied in a qualitative research frame. More specifically a methodological tool for semi-structured interviews is used to 15 interviewees that formed a representative sample of adult educators. The transcribed texts collected were analyzed through content analysis. This analysis showed that the participants gave special importance to the need that the application of mentoring in adult education should be established and well organized. Even more, the effective characteristics of the mentoring variables were identified as well as the way they contribute to the effectiveness of adult education by using appropriate practices (cooperative and experiential) and adapting goals towards the improvement of the mentees. The complication of the mentoring process is pointed out in the research, as well as the importance of the participants’ roles, especially within the increased demands and difficulties of the contemporary society

A Teaching Note on Contracts

This article is the last of a series of teaching notes in the area of contract law and topics in the legal environment of business, designed to assist instructors- particularly “newly minted” professors- in preparing materials for use in their classrooms. This article summarizes the elements of a valid contract based on references to the classic cases decided in various jurisdictions in contract law, as well as citations to recently decided cases provided for further research and study and may serve as a template or overview of the important topics making up a business law or legal environment of business course