Expression of the angular dependence of the quantum efficiency for a thin multi-alkali photocathode and its optical properties

The dependence of the quantum efficiency on the angle and polarization of the incident photon needs to be formulated for a precise description of the response of photomultiplier tubes. A simplified one-step model of photoelectron emission was derived from Spicer's three-step model, and it enabled the formulation of the dependence of the quantum efficiency in the visible range for thin multi-alkali (NaKSbCs) photocathodes. The expression of the quantum efficiency was proved by a measurement of the photocurrent for linearly polarized light at various incident angles. Meanwhile, the measurement revealed the complex refractive indices and thicknesses both of the stratified photocathode and antireflection coating. It is indicated that the angular dependence of the quantum efficiency is dictated by the optical properties of the photocathode, which are discussed in detail on the basis of the obtained parameters

A New Proof of P-time Completeness of Linear Lambda Calculus

We give a new proof of P-time completeness of Linear Lambda Calculus, which was originally given by H. Mairson in 2003. Our proof uses an essentially different Boolean type from the type Mairson used. Moreover the correctness of our proof can be machined-checked using an implementation of Standard ML

Koszul duality for locally constant factorization algebras

Generalising Jacob Lurie's idea on the relation between the Verdier duality and the iterated loop space theory, we study the Koszul duality for locally constant factorisation algebras. We formulate an analogue of Lurie's "nonabelian Poincare duality" theorem (which is closely related to earlier results of Graeme Segal, of Dusa McDuff, and of Paolo Salvatore) in a symmetric monoidal stable infinity category carefully, using John Francis' notion of excision. Its proof depends on our earlier study of the Koszul duality for E_n-algebras. As a consequence, we obtain a Verdier type equivalence for factorisation algebras by a Koszul duality construction.Comment: 32 pages. Section 2.0 slightly simplified, References updated. Comments welcome

Studies on reticuloendothelial system and hemaotpoiesis. I. Studies of extramedullary hematopoiesis

The author studied the hematopoietic disturbances of rabbit induced by saponin injection and drew the following conclusions: 1) By saponin injection, the structure of bone marrow is disintegrated and hematopoietic cells are released into the circulating blood forming extramedullary hematopietic foci mainly in liver and spleen. The main attacking point of saponin should be RES. Recovery of hematopoietic foci is associated with the recovery of RES. The most marked extramedullary hematopoiesis is found three days after the injection. Thereafter, bone-marrow hematopoiesis proceeds to recovery stage, during which hematopoietic foci in liver and spleen are preserved, especially those in spleen persist fairly for a long time. 2) Daily injections of India ink kept up over a long period of time after the treatment with saponin, prevent the recovery of anemia and bone-marrow hematopoiesis. The lymph nodes, whose RES escaped from the severe damage by India ink, keep the hematopoietic foci for a long time. 3) As far as hematopoiesis is concerned, there seems to be no functional differentiation among RE cells, though they seem to have a special function according to the organs to which they belong, e. g. antibody formation in lymph apparatus, hematopoiesis in bone marrow and red cell destruction in spleen.</p