Additional file 3: of Epidemiological association between multiple chemical sensitivity and birth by caesarean section: a nationwide case-control study

Questionnaire for the secondary survey (DOCX 22 kb

Ni-Catalyzed, ZnCl₂-Assisted Domino Coupling of Enones, Alkynes, and Alkenes

A Ni(0)/ZnCl2 system effectively promotes the coupling of enones and alkene-tethered alkynes. In the reaction with 1,6-enynes, the oxidative cyclization of Ni(0) species on enones across the alkyne part followed by ZnCl2-promoted cleavage generates alkenylnickel intermediates. Subsequent migratory insertion of the tethered alkene occurs with 5-exo-cyclization. When the resulting σ-alkylnickel intermediates have β-hydrogen atoms, the reaction terminates by β-hydrogen elimination to provide cyclopentane derivatives. On the other hand, a σ-alkylnickel intermediate that does not have β-hydrogen atoms undergoes the insertion of a second alkene unit to cause a domino effect via a three-fold C−C bond formation process with and without the cleavage of one C−C bond

Additional file 2: of Epidemiological association between multiple chemical sensitivity and birth by caesarean section: a nationwide case-control study

Screening questionnaire (DOCX 15 kb

Additional file 1: of Epidemiological association between multiple chemical sensitivity and birth by caesarean section: a nationwide case-control study

Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI) (DOCX 16 kb

Ni(0)/ZnCl₂-Promoted Coupling of Enones and Enynes. Domino Process via Formation of Three C−C Bonds and Cleavage of One C−C Bond

Domino coupling of enones and enynes, which proceeds via the formation of three carbon−carbon bonds and the cleavage of one carbon−carbon bond, was developed using a Ni(0) and ZnCl2 system

DataSheet_1_Increased Circulating Cell-Free DNA in Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: Implications for Eosinophil Extracellular Traps and Immunothrombosis.docx

BackgroundEndogenous DNA derived from nuclei or mitochondria is released into the blood circulation as cell-free DNA (cfDNA) following cell damage or death. cfDNA is associated with various pathological conditions; however, its clinical significance in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of cfDNA in AAV.MethodsWe enrolled 35 patients with AAV, including 10 with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), 13 with microscopic polyangiitis, and 12 with granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Serum cf-nuclear DNA (cf-nDNA) and cf-mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) levels were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction before and after the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. Tissue samples from EGPA patients were examined by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. The structure of eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and stability against DNase were assessed in vitro. Platelet adhesion of EETs were also assessed.ResultsSerum cf-nDNA and cf-mtDNA levels were significantly higher in AAV than in healthy controls, with the highest levels in EGPA; however, serum DNase activities were comparable among all groups. cf-nDNA and cf-mtDNA decreased after treatment and were associated with disease activity only in EGPA. Blood eosinophil count and plasma D-dimer levels were significantly correlated with cf-nDNA in EGPA and cf-mtDNA. EGPA tissue samples showed lytic eosinophils and EETs in small-vessel thrombi. The structure of EETs showed bolder net-like chromatin threads in vitro and EETs showed greater stability against DNase than NETs. EETs provided a scaffold for platelet adhesion.ConclusioncfDNA was increased in EGPA, associated with disease activity. The presence of DNase-resistant EETs in small-vessel thrombi might contribute to higher concentration of cfDNA and the occurrence of immunothrombosis in EGPA.</p

Comparison of prevalence of obesity and odds ratio for obesity in male smokers stratified by pack-years.

Comparison of prevalence of obesity and odds ratio for obesity in male smokers stratified by pack-years.</p

Video_1_Increased Circulating Cell-Free DNA in Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: Implications for Eosinophil Extracellular Traps and Immunothrombosis.mp4

BackgroundEndogenous DNA derived from nuclei or mitochondria is released into the blood circulation as cell-free DNA (cfDNA) following cell damage or death. cfDNA is associated with various pathological conditions; however, its clinical significance in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of cfDNA in AAV.MethodsWe enrolled 35 patients with AAV, including 10 with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), 13 with microscopic polyangiitis, and 12 with granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Serum cf-nuclear DNA (cf-nDNA) and cf-mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) levels were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction before and after the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. Tissue samples from EGPA patients were examined by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. The structure of eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and stability against DNase were assessed in vitro. Platelet adhesion of EETs were also assessed.ResultsSerum cf-nDNA and cf-mtDNA levels were significantly higher in AAV than in healthy controls, with the highest levels in EGPA; however, serum DNase activities were comparable among all groups. cf-nDNA and cf-mtDNA decreased after treatment and were associated with disease activity only in EGPA. Blood eosinophil count and plasma D-dimer levels were significantly correlated with cf-nDNA in EGPA and cf-mtDNA. EGPA tissue samples showed lytic eosinophils and EETs in small-vessel thrombi. The structure of EETs showed bolder net-like chromatin threads in vitro and EETs showed greater stability against DNase than NETs. EETs provided a scaffold for platelet adhesion.ConclusioncfDNA was increased in EGPA, associated with disease activity. The presence of DNase-resistant EETs in small-vessel thrombi might contribute to higher concentration of cfDNA and the occurrence of immunothrombosis in EGPA.</p

Additional file 1 of Metagenomic gut microbiome analysis of Japanese patients with multiple chemical sensitivity/idiopathic environmental intolerance

Additional file 1. Supplementary text and figures

Comparison of prevalence of obesity and odds ratio for obesity in male smokers stratified by duration of smoking.

<p>Comparison of prevalence of obesity and odds ratio for obesity in male smokers stratified by duration of smoking.</p