Additional file 1 of Mutagenicity of carcinogenic heterocyclic amines in Salmonella typhimurium YG strains and transgenic rodents including gpt delta

Additional file 1

Practical Asymmetric Henry Reaction Catalyzed by a Chiral Diamine-Cu(OAc)₂ Complex

The chiral diamine ligand 3 was designed and synthesized from (R,R)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine, (S)-2,2‘-dibromomethyl-1,1‘-binaphthalene, and o-xylylene dibromide. The resulting 3-Cu(OAc)2 complex was a highly efficient catalyst for the Henry reaction, giving the various nitroaldols with over 90% ee (up to >99%). The reaction was performed in n-propyl alcohol at room temperature, and the Henry adducts were produced in high yield with excellent enantiomeric excess; these attributes are desirable in a catalyst for practical use

Additional file 3: of CCN family member 2/connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF) is regulated by Wnt–β-catenin signaling in nucleus pulposus cells

Figure S3. mRNA expression of CCN members (CCN1, CCN2, CCN3, CCN4, CCN5, and CCN6) after exposure of AF cells to 6-bromoindirubin-3′-oxime (BIO) (1.0 μM) for 24 h assessed using real-time PCR. Results are presented as mean and 95% CI (n = 12 for each group). GAPDH was used as an endogenous control. The unpaired Student’s t test was used. (PDF 14 kb

Additional file 1: of CCN family member 2/connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF) is regulated by Wnt–β-catenin signaling in nucleus pulposus cells

Figure S1. Rat NP cells were cotransfected with the Topflash reporter plasmid and pGL4.74 plasmid treated with 1.0 μM of 6-bromoindirubin-3′-oxime (BIO) for 24 h. (PDF 10 kb

Additional file 2: of CCN family member 2/connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF) is regulated by Wnt–β-catenin signaling in nucleus pulposus cells

Figure S2. Rat AF cells transfected with the CCN2 reporter plasmid together with the pGL4.74 plasmid were treated with different concentrations (0, 0.1, 1.0 μM) of 6-bromoindirubin-3′-oxime (BIO) for 24 h. (PDF 10 kb

A 2:1 Coupling Reaction of Arynes with Aldehydes via <i>o</i>-Quinone Methides: Straightforward Synthesis of 9-Arylxanthenes

A novel coupling reaction, where an aldehyde and two molar amounts of an aryne are assembled selectively, has been demonstrated to afford diverse 9-arylxanthene derivatives in one step. o-Quinone methide arising from the [2 + 2] cycloaddition of an aldehyde with an aryne was postulated as a transient intermediate

Asymmetric <i>Syn</i>-Selective Henry Reaction Catalyzed by the Sulfonyldiamine−CuCl−Pyridine System

A catalytic asymmetric Henry reaction has been developed with use of a sulfonyldiamine−CuCl complex as a catalyst. A series of new binaphthyl-containing sulfonyldiamine ligands (2a−h) were readily synthesized in two steps starting from commercially available chiral 1,2-diamines. The (R,R)-diamine-(R)-binaphthyl ligand (2d)−CuCl complex smoothly catalyzed the enantioselective Henry reaction with the assistance of pyridine to give the corresponding adduct with high enantiomeric excess (up to 93%). Moreover, the 2d−CuCl−pyridine system promotes the diastereoselective Henry reaction in syn-selective manner to give the adduct in up to 99% yield with 92:8 syn/anti selectivity. The enantiomeric excess of the syn-adduct was 84% ee

Expression of AMPA receptor subunits at synapses in laminae I–III of the rodent spinal dorsal horn-6

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Expression of AMPA receptor subunits at synapses in laminae I–III of the rodent spinal dorsal horn"</p><p>http://www.molecularpain.com/content/4/1/5</p><p>Molecular Pain 2008;4():5-5.</p><p>Published online 23 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2248168.</p><p></p> pepsin. Approximate positions of the laminae are shown. Punctate staining for PSD-95 is present throughout the dorsal horn, with the highest density in the superficial part (laminae I–II). -show immunostaining for GluR2 (green) and PSD-95 (red) in lamina II in a wild-type mouse (-) and in a PSD-95 mutant mouse (-). Note the lack of punctate staining for PSD-95 in the PSD-95 mutant. All images are from single optical sections. Scale bars = 50 μm (), 10 μm (-)

Expression of AMPA receptor subunits at synapses in laminae I–III of the rodent spinal dorsal horn-0

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Expression of AMPA receptor subunits at synapses in laminae I–III of the rodent spinal dorsal horn"</p><p>http://www.molecularpain.com/content/4/1/5</p><p>Molecular Pain 2008;4():5-5.</p><p>Published online 23 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2248168.</p><p></p>pan-AMPAr antibody (pAMPA) or with one of the subunit-specific antibodies. As we have reported previously [60], lamina I is relatively thick in this region. Images of pan-AMPAr, GluR1 and GluR2 are taken from one section, while those for GluR3 and GluR4 are taken from another. GluR1 puncta are most numerous in laminae I and II, while those that are GluR2- or GluR3-immunoreactive are present in large numbers throughout laminae I–III. The GluR4 staining was obtained with a rabbit antibody against the C-terminal part of the protein (GluR4-C antibody), and is present at relatively few puncta in laminae I and II. However some clusters of GluR4 puncta that are orientated either transversely (arrow) or dorsoventrally (arrowhead) are visible in the superficial dorsal horn. Each image was obtained from a projection of 5 optical sections at 0.3 μm z-spacing. Approximate locations of laminar boundaries are shown. Scale bar = 20 μm

Expression of AMPA receptor subunits at synapses in laminae I–III of the rodent spinal dorsal horn-1

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Expression of AMPA receptor subunits at synapses in laminae I–III of the rodent spinal dorsal horn"</p><p>http://www.molecularpain.com/content/4/1/5</p><p>Molecular Pain 2008;4():5-5.</p><p>Published online 23 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2248168.</p><p></p>e labelled with the GluR4-C antibody (two marked with arrows). The GluR4-N antibody stains these strongly, but also labels several other puncta more weakly (two shown with arrowheads). All of the puncta labelled by each GluR4 antibody are GluR2-immunoreactive. Images were obtained from 4 optical spacing at 0.3 μm. Scale bar = 10 μm