Avaliação de desempenho térmico nos Módulos Antárticos Emergenciais (Brasil)

The Emergency Antarctic Modules ”“ MAE have been serving to the continuity of the activities undertaken at the Keller Peninsula since 2013, after the fire that destroyed part of the Brazilian Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station. Taking into account the climatic conditions, the thermal comfort needs, the energy consumption and the impact on the environment, the performance of the built complex was assessed particularly in terms of maintaining a stable internal temperature within an acceptance range according to the standards, also considering the insulation provided by the envelopment. Through measurements of temperature, the processing of the collected data and the analysis of the results, it was found that there was no correlation between the internal and the external temperatures, so that it is possible to infer that the envelope ensures the required insulation, despite some identified problems concerning the air tightness of the building, and/or that the heating system is able to compensate the differences of temperature. It is possible that the observed temperature drifts have been caused by the behavior in use, with heat loss by opening doors, for example, especially in the summer period, when there is a greater amount of users in the MAE.Os Módulos Antárticos Emergenciais ”“ MAE, instalados na Península Keller, desde 2013 têm servido à continuidade das atividades desenvolvidas no local após o incêndio de parte da brasileira Estação Antártica Comandante Ferraz. Tendo-se em vista as condições climáticas extremas e a necessidade de se obter conforto térmico com o menor gasto energético e impacto ao meio-ambiente, avaliou-se o desempenho do conjunto edificado, particularmente quanto à sua capacidade de manter a temperatura interna estável e dentro de uma faixa de aceitação conforme as normas aplicáveis, considerando-se também o isolamento proporcionado pela envoltória. Através de medições de temperatura, com o tratamento dos dados coletados e a análise dos resultados, verificou-se que não houve correlação entre a temperatura externa e a interna, sendo possível inferir que a envoltória garante o isolamento do ambiente interno, apesar de identificados alguns problemas de estanqueidade, e/ou que o sistema de aquecimento é capaz de compensar as diferenças de temperatura. É possível que os resfriamentos observados e as diferenças de temperatura entre horas seguidas tenham sido provocados pelo comportamento em uso, com perda de calor pela abertura de portas, por exemplo, principalmente no período de verão, em que há uma maior quantidade e movimentação de usuários

Mineral Nutrition and Fertilization of Sugarcane

Sugarcane extracts large amounts of nutrients from the soil and accumulates them in the plant due to its large mass production. Thus, agricultural practices ensuring adequate supply of nutrients to the crop must be adopted to obtain high crop yields in the cane plant cycle and small decreases in the subsequent cycles. In this chapter, the following items will be addressed and discussed: soil sampling, soil fertility evaluation, liming, plastering, cane plant chemical fertilization, sprout chemical fertilization, sugarcane nutritional status evaluation, organic fertilization, use of cultural remains and residues from sugar and alcohol industry, use of humic substances, fertilization, and quality of the sugarcane broth

Malignant tumor of the peripheral nerve sheath in a left Whippet canine kidney

Background: Malignant tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath (MTPNS`s) are considered rare tumors that can affect soft tissues. In dogs, the occurrence is more common in the nerves of the brachial plexus, but they can affect the lumbosacral plexus and cranial nerves. Rarely, they can affect spinal nerves and nerve roots and the urinary tract, especially in kidneys. The present report aims to describe a clinical case of a 10-year-old sterilized female whippet, who had a history of persistent hematuria for months, with subsequent diagnosis of MTPNS as the cause of hematuria.Case: The patient came for evaluation with a history of persistent hematuria. Evaluation of abnormal elements and sedimentation, showed the description of numerous red blood cells and the presence of proteinuria. The abdominal ultrasound revealed a left kidney with enlarged dimensions, irregular contour, loss of corticomedullary definition. The urinary vesicle showed an increase in cellularity. On physical examination, the patient had vital parameters within the normal range. A Snap 4DX® Plus exam was requested, which showed a reaction for Dirofilaria immitis. With this result, it was initially suspected that renal vasculitis. After starting the treatment, the patient started to present normal colored urine. However, after the end of this period, the patient returned to hematuria. After six months of treatment and without justification for the permanence of hematuria, urethrocystoscopy was indicated, which revealed a urinary vesicle with a hemorrhagic focus. A urinary bladder wall biopsy was performed, which showed no changes. Four months after the urethrocystoscopic exam, the patient had her first azotemic crisis. This time that the left renal neoformation observed on ultrasound examination. With the discovery of the origin of the problem, a therapeutic approach could be instituted, consisting of the left nephrectomy. The histopathological analysis showed malignant spindle cell neoplasia. Immunohistochemical analysis in peroxidase revealed positivity for the markers, concluding the diagnosis as a tumor of the peripheral nerve sheath. Seven months after surgery, a new ultrasound examination of the abdominal region, as well as tests for the assessment of renal function, all of which were within normal parameters.Discussion: Most of the MTPNS originate in the peripheral nerves and in the cranial nerve sheath, but it can rarely originate in the abdominal cavity, as in the case reported here, in which the origin was renal. Such neoplasms are not common in dogs, with an incidence of 0.5%. The age of the affected dogs is, on average, nine years for the appearance of the neoplasia, with females with the highest frequency of occurrence. Both data corroborate the patient's age at the time of diagnosis. This is a tumor that is considered to be highly malignant and progressive, which did not occur in the patient in question, since she had a history of persistent hematuria for a long period, with no manifestation of the presence of the tumor on imaging. Still regarding the clinical manifestation of the patient's persistent hematuria, the same occurrence can be observed in a human patient who also reported a history of persistent hematuria and, like the patient in the report, not associated with any other clinical signs. It is important to differentiate this type of neoplasia from the others, because in many cases, the histological patterns are similar, making the performance of immunohistochemistry essential for the diagnosis. Renal MTPNS is rare in humans, and in dogs it is no different. This fact makes it difficult to describe the prognosis. Thus, efforts should be considered for the early diagnosis of peripheral nerve neoplasms, in view of their low response to available halopathic treatments and taking into account the rare aspect and evolution of this disease

Déficits estructurales y físico-funcionales del miembro inferior con fractura tratado quirúrgicamente

Introdução: Fratura é uma lesão traumática sofrida pelo osso que pode ocorrer por causas diversas. Embora as repercussões das fraturas sobre o sistema musculoesquelético sejam documentadas, estudos com medidas desfecho mais abrangentes e em fases mais tardias da lesão ainda são escassos. Objetivo: Avaliar as adaptações estruturais e físico-funcionais em indivíduos que sofreram fratura unilateral de membro inferior tratadas cirurgicamente. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 32 pacientes de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 18 e 59 anos, com diagnóstico de fratura unilateral de membro inferior e alta hospitalar de no mínimo 1 ano. O membro inferior acometido foi comparado ao membro inferior saudável de todos os participantes utilizando as medidas de desfecho: espessura muscular do vasto lateral (ultrassonografia), força de extensão e flexão do joelho (dinamômetro isocinético), amplitude de movimento de dorsiflexão do tornozelo (teste da distância do pé à parede) e aptidão funcional do membro inferior (teste de salto horizontal simples e triplo). Resultados: Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os membros acometidos e não acometidos nas medidas de espessura muscular (p = 0,0001), força de extensão do joelho (p = 0,0094), amplitude de dorsiflexão (p = 0,0004) e desempenho funcional (p = 0,0094, salto simples e p = 0,0114, salto triplo). Em todos os desfechos significativos os valores do membro acometido foram menores que o do membro não acometido. O pico de torque dos músculos flexores do joelho não demonstrou diferença estatisticamente significante entre membros (p = 0,0624). Conclusão: Indivíduos que sofreram fratura unilateral de membro inferior tratado cirurgicamente apresentam alterações estruturais e físico-funcionais tardias importantes em relação ao membro não acometido.Introduction: A fracture is a traumatic bone injury that can occur from a variety of causes. Although the repercussions of fractures on the musculoskeletal system are documented, studies with more comprehensive outcomes and later stages of injury are still scarce. Objective: To evaluate the structural and physical-functional adaptations in individuals who suffered unilateral lower limb fractures treated surgically. Methods: Thirty-two patients of both genders, aged between 18 and 59 years, with a diagnosis of unilateral fracture of the lower limb and hospital discharge of at least one year, participated in the study. The affected lower limb was compared to the healthy lower limb of all participants using the outcome measures: vastus lateral muscle thickness (ultrasonography), knee extension and flexion strength (isokinetic dynamometer), ankle dorsiflexion range of motion of the distance from the foot to the wall) and functional fitness of the lower limb (single and triple horizontal jump test). Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the limbs affected and not affected in the measurements of muscle thickness (p = 0.0001), knee extension force (p = 0.0094), dorsiflexion amplitude (p = 0.0004) and functional performance (p = 0.0094, single jump and = 0.0114, triple jump). In all significant outcomes, the values of the affected limb were smaller than that of the non-affected limb. The peak torque of the knee flexor muscles did not show a statistically significant difference between limbs (p = 0.0624). Conclusion: Individuals who have undergone a surgically treated unilateral fracture of the lower limb present important structural and physical-functional late changes in relation to the non-affected limb.Introducción: La fractura es una lesión traumática sufrida en el hueso que puede ocurrir por diversas causas. Aunque las repercusiones de las fracturas en el sistema músculoesquelético estén documentadas, aún son escasos los estudios con un desenlace más amplio y en fases tardias de la lesión. Objetivo: Evaluar las adaptaciones estructurales y físico-funcionales en individuos que sufrieron fractura unilateral del miembro inferior tratados quirúrgicamente. Métodos: Participaron del estudio 32 pacientes de ambos sexos, con edad entre 18 y 59 años, diagnosticados con fractura unilateral del miembro inferior y alta hospitalar de por lo menos un año. El miembro inferior dañado fue comparado al miembro inferior saludable de todos los participantes utilizando las siguientes medidas: espesura muscular del vasto lateral (ultrassonografia), fuerza de extensión y flexión de la rodilla (dinamómetro isocinético), amplitud de movimiento de dorsiflexión del tobillo (test de la distancia del pie a la pared) y aptitud funcional del miembro inferior (test de salto horizontal simple y triple). Resultados: Fueron encontradas diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los miembros dañados y los sanos en las medidas de espesura muscular (p = 0,0001), fuerza de extensión de la rodilla (p = 0,0094), amplitud de dorsiflexión (p = 0,0004) y desempeño funcional (p = 0,0094, salto simple y p = 0,0114, salto triple). En todas las conclusiones significativas los valores del miembro dañado fueron menores que en las del miembro sano. El pico de torsión de los músculos flexores de la rodilla no demostró diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre ambos miembros (p = 0,0624). Conclusión: los individuos que sufrieron fractura unilateral del miembro inferior tratado quirúrgicamente presentan alteraciones estructurales y físico-funcionales importantes en relación con el miembro sano

DNA-based identification reveals illegal trade of threatened shark species in a global elasmobranch conservation hotspot

Here, we report trading of endangered shark species in a world hotspot for elasmobranch conservation in Brazil. Data on shark fisheries are scarce in Brazil, although the northern and northeastern regions have the highest indices of shark bycatch. Harvest is made primarily with processed carcasses lacking head and fins, which hampers reliable species identification and law enforcement on illegal catches. We used partial sequences of two mitochondrial genes (COI and/or NADH2) to identify 17 shark species from 427 samples being harvested and marketed on the northern coast of Brazil. Nine species (53%) are listed under some extinction threat category according to Brazilian law and international authorities (IUCN - International Union for Conservation of Nature; CITES - Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). The number increases to 13 (76%) if we also consider the Near Threatened category. Hammerhead sharks are under threat worldwide, and composed 18.7% of samples, with Sphyrna mokarran being the fourth most common species among samples. As illegal trade of threatened shark species is a worldwide conservation problem, molecular identification of processed meat or specimens lacking diagnostic body parts is a highly effective tool for species identification and law enforcement

Extending the ecological distribution of Desmonostoc genus: proposal of Desmonostoc salinum sp. nov., a novel Cyanobacteria from a saline–alkaline lake

Cyanobacteria is an ancient phylum of oxygenic photosynthetic microorganisms found in almost all environments of Earth. In recent years, the taxonomic placement of some cyanobacterial strains, including those belonging to the genus Nostoc sensu lato, have been reevaluated by means of a polyphasic approach. Thus, 16S rRNA gene phylogeny and 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS) secondary structures coupled with morphological, ecological and physiological data are considered powerful tools for a better taxonomic and systematics resolution, leading to the description of novel genera and species. Additionally, underexplored and harsh environments, such as saline–alkaline lakes, have received special attention given they can be a source of novel cyanobacterial taxa. Here, a filamentous heterocytous strain, Nostocaceae CCM-UFV059, isolated from Laguna Amarga, Chile, was characterized applying the polyphasic approach; its fatty acid profile and physiological responses to salt (NaCl) were also determined. Morphologically, this strain was related to morphotypes of the Nostoc sensu lato group, being phylogenetically placed into the typical cluster of the genus Desmonostoc. CCM-UFV059 showed identity of the 16S rRNA gene as well as 16S–23S secondary structures that did not match those from known described species of the genus Desmonostoc, as well as distinct ecological and physiological traits. Taken together, these data allowed the description of the first strain of a member of the genus Desmonostoc from a saline–alkaline lake, named Desmonostoc salinum sp. nov., under the provisions of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants. This finding extends the ecological coverage of the genus Desmonostoc, contributing to a better understanding of cyanobacterial diversity and systematics

Deep neural network-estimated electrocardiographic age as a mortality predictor

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most commonly used exam for the evaluation of cardiovascular diseases. Here we propose that the age predicted by artificial intelligence (AI) from the raw ECG (ECG-age) can be a measure of cardiovascular health. A deep neural network is trained to predict a patient’s age from the 12-lead ECG in the CODE study cohort (n = 1,558,415 patients). On a 15% hold-out split, patients with ECG-age more than 8 years greater than the chronological age have a higher mortality rate (hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, p < 0.001), whereas those with ECG-age more than 8 years smaller, have a lower mortality rate (HR 0.78, p < 0.001). Similar results are obtained in the external cohorts ELSA-Brasil (n = 14,236) and SaMi-Trop (n = 1,631). Moreover, even for apparent normal ECGs, the predicted ECG-age gap from the chronological age remains a statistically significant risk predictor. These results show that the AI-enabled analysis of the ECG can add prognostic information

Histoplasmose disseminada no paciente com síndrome da imunodeficiência humana adquirida / Disseminated histoplasmose in patients with human immunodeficiency syndrome acquired

Os pacientes com síndrome da imunodeficiência humana adquirida (aids)estão susceptíveis a infecções por vários microrganismos, incluindo os fungos. Dentre esses fungos destacamos o Histoplasmacapsulatum, frequente em pacientes com deficiência na imunidade celular. Nesse trabalho os autores descrevem o caso de um jovem, procedente do interior de Pernambuco, com diagnóstico de infecção pelo HIV há 4 meses, em uso de terapia antirretroviral.O paciente vinha em uso de corticoide e sulfametoxazol/trimetoprim após episódio recente de pneumocistose e procurou o Hospital com quadro de lesões cutâneas pápulo-eritematosas,não pruriginosas, que iniciaram em face e progrediram para tronco e membros superiores, alémde ulcerações em palato, anemia e esplenomegalia. O tratamento foi iniciado de forma empírica com anfotericina B desoxicolato pela suspeita de histoplasmose disseminada. Para a comprovação diagnóstica, foi submetido a biópsia de lesão de pele que evidenciou o Histoplasma.O paciente evoluiu com rápida melhora clínica após introdução do antifúngico,completando 20mg/kg de dose cumulativa de anfotericina B. Como a morfologia das lesões cutâneas desenvolvidas na histoplasmoseé bastante semelhante a de outras doenças infecciosas e não infecciosas, o diagnóstico clínico pode ser difícil, sendo necessário a realização de biópsia cutânea.

Burnout syndrome in nursing professionals in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Objective: to investigate the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in nursing workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: cross-sectional study using instruments to collect sociodemographic and professional data and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The population was formed by 52 nursing workers from three institutions that attend patients with COVID-19. The sampling was by convenience, and workers were contacted via email or WhatsApp®. We compared the means of each domain using Student's t-test, considering the variables from the Maslach Burnout Inventory, namely, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and effectiveness at work. Results: the overall mean Burnout was 3.21. The differences between the means of emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment domains were significant for the variables "would change jobs” (p<0.04) and “job satisfaction” (p<0.001). Conclusion: Workers had a high level of Burnout, being thus susceptible to mental suffering and psychic disease: Contributions to practice: the knowledge produced here can provoke reflections that will help develop and apply strategies to reduce the negative impact of the Burnout Syndrome in the health of the nursing professional