Intraoral Foregut Cystic Developmental Malformations: Three cases with a brief review of literature

Foregut cystic developmental malformations (FCDM) are a type of rare cystic lesion. The occurrence of FCDM is exceedingly uncommon in the intraoral location. We report three cases of FCDM with intraoral location who presented at Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, New Delhi, India, in 2016, 2017 and 2018 with symptoms of respiratory distress and feeding difficulties. Two patients were male and one was female with an age range of 29 days to eight years. The clinical differential diagnosis included mucocele, ranula, dermoid, lymphangioma, teratoma, thyroglossal duct cyst, etc. All patients were treated with simple surgical excision and diagnosed, based on histopathology, with FCDM. These should be considered as differential diagnosis of head and neck midline cystic mass lesions. This case report aimed to discuss differential diagnosis and appropriate terminology for these cystic masses as there is varied and ambiguous nomenclature.Keywords: Bronchogenic Cyst; Cyst; Congenital Abnormalities; Oral Cavity; Case Report; India

Biliary atresia with hyaline cartilage at the porta hepatis: a novel finding of undetermined significance: a case report

Biliary atresia is an important cause of liver disease and morbidity in infants with unknown etiology. To date, only five cases of biliary atresia with hyaline cartilage at the porta hepatis have been described. We present the case of a 65-day-old male child, with further insight and detailed discussion of this heterotopia of undetermined significance.Keywords: biliary atresia, hyaline cartilage, liver diseas

Perineal lipoma associated with penoscrotal transposition in a neonate

A neonate with perineal lipoma associated with penoscrotal transposition and bifid scrotum is reported

Is antenatal detection of Wilms’ tumor a bad prognostic marker?

Antenatal detection of Wilms’ tumor is rare and only nine cases have been reported till now in the English literature. We report a case of a 7-month-old child with prenatally detected renal mass managed by nephroureterectomy associated with intraoperative spill. The child developed recurrence while on DD4A chemotherapy. Salvage chemotherapy was initiated but there was no response after two cycles and the child expired due to tumor rupture

Gastrointestinal mucormycosis: A success story and appraisal of concepts

Summary: Mucormycosis is an opportunistic, life-threatening fungal infection caused by fungi of the class Zygomycetes. The disease has traditionally been reported in immunocompromised patients, premature infants, diabetics, transplant recipients, prolonged use of corticosteroids or in condition associated with increased availability of serum iron such as acidosis or deferoxamine administration. The infection is progressive and associated with a high mortality unless treatment is initiated promptly. The number of cases of gastrointestinal mucormycosis indexed on PubMed over the past 2 decades has shown an alarming rise. Moreover, the infection is being increasingly reported in patients without the traditional risk factors.We report successful management of an immunocompetent child with gastrointestinal mucormycosis who responded to aggressive treatment with surgical debridement and antifungal agents. The fungicidal activity of colistin (polymyxin E) has also been highlighted. Keywords: Mucormycosis, Gastrointestinal mucormycosis, Intestinal perforation, Colistin, Polymyxi

Comparison of clinical outcome and anal manometry following laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty and posterior sagittal anorectoplasty in patients with high and intermediate anorectal malformation: A randomised controlled trial

Introduction: High and intermediate types of anorectal malformations (ARMs) may be managed by either open posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) or by laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty (LAARP). Most of the literature favours one approach over the other based on retrospective analysis. We performed this study with the aim to compare the short-term outcomes of both procedures. Materials and Methods: All paediatric patients with high and intermediate ARM were enrolled and randomised into two groups: open PSARP group and LAARP group. Outcome parameters such as faecal continence using Kelly's scoring system, anal manometric parameters and post-operative complications were compared between the groups. Results: A total of 16 patients were included with equal distribution in the open PSARP and LAARP group. Patient's variables were comparable in both the groups. Five patients developed immediate post-operative complications, three in the LAARP and two in the open group. The mean Kelly's score was 3.63 ± 1.6 versus 2.57 ± 1.9 (P = 0.132) for LAARP and PSARP group, respectively. The mean resting pressure was 34.71 ± 6.26 cm of H2O and 35 ± 6.16 cm of H2O (P = 0.384) in LAARP and open group, respectively. Rectoanal inhibitory reflex was demonstrated in 6/7 patients in LAARP group and 5/7 patients in open group. Conclusion: Faecal continence in patients undergoing either of the procedure is comparable. However, wound-related complications are lesser in LAARP procedure