To Share Or Not To Share: An Exploratory Review Of Knowledge Management Systems And Knowledge Sharing In Multinational Corporations

In the current fluid environment, the challenge for Multinational Corporations (MNCs) is how to accumulate knowledge that stems from various sources, facilitate the management of knowledge, and maximise value generated from all available assets. For this purpose, MNCs use Knowledge Management Systems (KMSs) to share, utilise, and integrate knowledge. This paper seeks to explore how knowledge sharing takes place through the use of KMSs in MNCs. Based on 42 semi-structured interviews, main themes underlying knowledge sharing were identified and summarised in a more holistic conceptual framework. First, Knowledge Management Systems includes three sub-themes: Technology Acceptance, Communication Tools, and KMS Usage. Second, Knowledge Sharing Practices includes the following sub-themes: Content, Willingness to Share and External Factors. The paper clarifies the existing literature on KMSs and KS by proposing a holistic conceptual framework which will help managers to identify ways of initiating knowledge sharing in MNCs

Upcycling Used Garments to Recreate Sustainable Fashion Designs Treated by Soil Release Finishing

Upcycled garments can have that independent appeal. No matter whom the designer is or what styling options designers choose, these upcycled fashion garments and accessories are by nature one-of-a kind. Finishing of textile fabric is carried out to increase attractiveness and/or serviceability of the fabric. Different finishing treatments are available to get various effects, which add value to the basic textile material, which can be better solutions for sustainable fashion. The sustainable fashion was achieved to a certain extent by using available materials to its ultimate USAge, using waste material, recycling of the products, planning second life for the fashion product, slowing down the fashion etc. The main idea to do so is to develop more sustainable and responsible designs. This paper is not just about recycled clothes but about fashion, recycling, upcycling, adding value and uniqueness by the resulting one-of-a-kind design available for women to purchase in any retail store. Create nine designs using waste garments treated by soil release finishing agent as a source of sustainable fashionable designs

Analytical and numerical investigation of the ultra-relativistic Euler equations

von Mahmoud Abdelaziz Elbiomy Abdelrahma

Deciphering the Immune Evolution Landscape of Multiple Myeloma Long-Term Survivors Using Single Cell Genomics

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant bone marrow (BM) disease characterized by somatic hypermutation and DNA damage in plasma cells; leading to the overproduction of dysfunctional malignant myeloma cells. Accumulation of myeloma cells has direct and indirect effects on the BM and other organs. Despite the development of new therapeutic options; MM remains incurable and only a small fraction of patients experiences long-term survival (LTS). The past has shown that ultimately all patients still relapse; leading to the hypothesis that a state of active immune-surveillance is required to control the residual disease. To understand the long-term survival phenomenon and its link to the immune-phenotypes in MM disease; we collected paired bone marrow samples from 24 patients who survived for about 7 to 17 years after Autologous Stem Cell Transplant (ASCT), with a high plasma cell infiltration in the BM (median 49.5%) at diagnosis time. Response assessment according to the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) revealed that 15 patients were in complete remission (CR), whereas 9 patients were in non-complete remission (non-CR) that had tumor cells which remained stable over recent years. We performed single-cell RNA-seq sequencing on more than 290,000 bone marrow cells from 11 patients before treatment (BT) and in LTS, as well as three healthy controls using 10x Genomics technology. I developed a computational approach using the state-of-the-art single cell methods, statistical inference and machine learning models to decipher the bone marrow immune cell types and states across all clinical groups. I performed in-depth analyses of the bone marrow immune microenvironment across all captured cell types, and provided the global landscape of cellular states across all clinical groups. In this work, I defined new cellular states, marker genes, and gene signatures associated with the patients’ clinical and survival states. Additionally, I defined a new myeloid population termed Myeloma-associated Neutrophils (MAN) cells and a T cell exhaustion population termed Aberrant Memory Cytotoxic (AMC) CD8+ T cells in newly diagnosed Multiple Myeloma patients. Moreover, I propose new therapeutic targets CXCR3 and NR4A2 in AMC CD8+ T cells, which could be further investigated to reverse the T cell exhaustion state in newly diagnosed MM patients. Furthermore, I defined new prognostic markers in the CD8+ T cell compartment which could be predictive for the global disease state. Finally, I propose that MM long-term survivors go through a complex and evolving immune landscape and acquire cellular states in a stepwise manner. Furthermore, I propose the Continuum Immune Landscape (CIL) Model which explains the immune landscape of MM patients before and after long-term survival. Additionally, I introduced the Disease-State Trajectories (DST) hypothesis regarding the disease-associated dysregulated cellular states in MM context, which could be generalized into other tumor entities and diseases

A Riccati-Bernoulli Sub-ODE Method for the Resonant Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with Both Spatio-Temporal Dispersions and Inter-Modal

This work uses the Riccati-Bernoulli sub-ODE method in constructing various new optical soliton solutionsto the resonant nonlinear Schrodinger equation with both Spatio-temporal dispersion and inter-modal dispersion. Actually, the proposed method is effective tool to solve many other nonlinear partial differential equations in mathematical physics. Moreover this method can give a new infinite sequence of solutions. These solutions are expressed by hyperbolic functions, trigonometric functions and rational functions. Finally, with the aid of Matlab release 15, some graphical simulations were designed to see the behavior of these solutions

Novel inhibitors of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17β-HSD1) and steroid sulfatase (STS) with unique dual mode of action : potential drugs for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and endometriosis

Estrogens, in particular estradiol‎ (E2)‎ play an important role in estrogen-dependent diseases (EDDs), such as non-small-cell lung cancer ‎‎(NSCLC) and endometriosis. 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17β-HSD1) is frequently expressed in NSCLC tissues, leading to cancer development and progression. Thus, the first objective of this study (chapter 3.1) is the development of a novel series of highly potent non-steroidal, selective ‎‎17β-HSD1 inhibitors in order to enhance the treatment of NSCLC. ‎ This section of the study showed that 17β-HSD1 is a promising therapeutic target for NSCLC, providing new avenues for the treatment of this lethal cancer. Steroid sulfatase (STS) and 17β-HSD1 are promising targets for the treatment of endometriosis because they ‎limit estrogen formation mainly in the target cells, leading to fewer ‎side effects. ‎Thus, the second part of the study ‎(chapter 3.2) ‎aims at developing dual inhibitors of STS and 17β-HSD1, which provide a novel treatment option. The synthesized sulfamates should be drugs for inhibition of STS, and prodrugs for 17β-HSD1 inhibition. The most active compounds of this part showed nanomolar IC50 values for STS in cellular assays ‎and their corresponding phenols displayed potent 17β-HSD1 inhibition in cell-free and cellular ‎assays as well as high selectivity over 17β-HSD2. These findings suggest that the “drug-prodrug concept” ‎has been applied successfully ‎(chapter 3.2).Estrogene, insbesondere Estradiol (E2), spielen eine zentrale Rolle bei Estrogen-abhängigen Erkrankungen (estrogen-dependent diseases, EDD) wie nicht-kleinzellige Bronchialkarzinome (non-small-cell lung cancer, NSCLC) und Endometriose. 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Typ 1 (17β-HSD1) ist in NSCLC-Gewebe häufig überexprimiert und trägt zu Tumorentstehung und -wachstum bei. Das erste Ziel dieser Arbeit war daher die Entwicklung von neuartigen und hochpotenten, nicht-steroidalen 17β-HSD1 Inhibitoren als potenzielle NSCLC-Therapeutika (Kapitel 3.1). Die Daten zeigen, dass 17β-HSD1 ein vielversprechendes Target darstellt, das neue Möglichkeiten in der NSCLC-Therapie eröffnen kann. Steroid Sulfatase (STS) und 17β-HSD1 sind vielversprechende Wirkstofftargets zur Behandlung der Endometriose, da sie die E2-Produktion lokal im erkrankten Gewebe reduzieren, was im Vergleich zu systemischen Therapien zu weniger Nebenwirkungen führen sollte. Gegenstand des zweiten Teils der Arbeit (Kapitel 3.2) war die Entwicklung von dualen Inhibitoren von STS und 17β-HSD1. Die so synthetisierten Sulfamate sollten Drugs für die Hemmung von STS und gleichzeitig Prodrugs für die Hemmung von 17β-HSD1 darstellen. Die aktivsten Verbindungen dieses Teils zeigten nanomolare IC50-Werte für STS in zellulären Assays und ihre entsprechenden Phenole zeigten eine starke 17β-HSD1-Hemmung in zellfreien und zellulären Assays sowie eine hohe Selektivität gegenüber 17β-HSD2. Die Daten belegen, dass das verfolgte “Drug-Prodrug-Konzept” der dualen Hemmstoffwirkung erfolgreich umgesetzt wurde (Kapitel 3.2)

Gendering migratory social spaces in Upper Egypt

Male out migration especially to Gulf countries is a well-established phenomenon in Upper Egypt. It is considered the easy way out of poverty and unemployment. Moreover, remittances represent the only monetary source for most migratory families. This thesis explores the impact of male out migration on their community of origin with a special focus on its impact on women. Fieldwork has been conducted in the village of Hekma, Qena, Upper Egypt where everything is influenced by the absence of men. A gendered approach is utilized to understand the everyday life of this community. This thesis consists of three main parts. The first part investigates how the social space is influenced by the absence of men. The second part explores remittances as a process and its role in the economic life with special attention to the role of women in this process. In addition, it discusses women’s empowerment from the understanding of Hekma women. The third part investigates the impact of remittances on consumption at the household level, as well as the difference between remittance receiving and non-receiving households. This thesis contributes to the gender and migration discourse as it offers a new understanding of social space, remittances and consumption in an Upper Egyptian context