Antibiotic angucycline derivatives from the deepsea-derived <i>Streptomyces lusitanus</i>

A new (1, grincamycin L) and two known (2 and 3) angucycline derivatives were obtained from the fermentation of deepsea-derived Streptomyces lusitanus OUCT16-27 strain. The structures of 1–3 were elucidated based on the LC-MS analysis together with 1D and 2D NMR data assignment. In the antibacterial assay, 1 and 2 exhibited moderate growth inhibitions against multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains of E. faecium, E. faecalis and S. aureus with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 3.12–6.25 µg/mL.</p

MOESM1 of Activation of a plasmid-situated type III PKS gene cluster by deletion of a wbl gene in deepsea-derived Streptomyces somaliensis SCSIO ZH66

Additional file 1: Table S1. Anti-MRSA activities of violapyrones (VLPs 1–5). Table S2. Bacteria and plasmids used in this study. Table S3. The primer pairs used for cosmid library screening. Table S4. The primer pairs used for PCR-targeted mutagenesis. Table S5. The primer pairs used for PCR confirmation of the mutants. Table S6. The primer pairs used for qPCR analysis. Figure S1. Inactivation of wblA so . Figure S2. Spectral data of VLP B, 1. Figure S3. Inactivation of pksIII-1. Figure S4. Inactivation of vioA. Figure S5. Inactivation of vioB. Figure S6. Inactivation of orf1. Figure S7. Inactivation of orf(-1-2). Figure S8. Spectral data of VLP J, 3. Figure S9. Spectral data of VLP A, 2. Figure S10. Spectral data of VLP C, 4. Figure S11. Spectral data of VLP H, 5. Figure S12. Phenotypes of the S. somaliensis SCSIO ZH66 strains

MOESM1 of Overexpression of a type III PKS gene affording novel violapyrones with enhanced anti-influenza A virus activity

Additional file 1: Table S1. Plasmids and strains used in this study. Table S2. Primer pairs used in this study. Table S3. Homologous locus of vioAB in different Streptomyces genomes. Figure S1. Relative yields for compounds 1–14 in different strains. Figure S2. Spectral data of 1. Figure S3. Spectral data of 2. Figure S4. Spectral data of 3. Figure S5. Spectral data of 4. Figure S6. Spectral data of 5. Figure S7. Spectral data of 6. Figure S8. Spectral data of 7. Figure S9. Spectral data of 8. Figure S10. Spectral data of 9. Figure S11. Spectral data of 10. Figure S12. Spectral data of 11. Figure S13. Spectral data of 12. Figure S14. Spectral data of 13. Figure S15. Spectral data of 14. Figure S16. Multiple-sequence alignments of VioA with selected type III PKSs. Figure S17. Site-directed mutagenesis study of VioA

Identification and Biosynthesis of Pro-Inflammatory Sulfonolipids from an Opportunistic Pathogen Chryseobacterium gleum

Sulfonolipids (SoLs) are a unique class of sphingolipids featuring a sulfonate group compared to other sphingolipids. However, the biological functions and biosynthesis of SoLs in human microbiota have been poorly understood. Here, we report the discovery and isolation of SoLs from a human opportunistic pathogen Chryseobacterium gleum DSM16776. We show for the first time the pro-inflammatory activity of SoLs with mice primary macrophages. Furthermore, we used both in vivo heterologous expression and in vitro biochemical reconstitution to characterize two enzymes, cysteate synthase and cysteate fatty acyltransferase, that are specifically involved in the biosynthesis of SoLs rather than other sphingolipids. Based on these two SoL-specific enzymes, our bioinformatics analysis showed a wider distribution of SoL biosynthetic genes in microbes that had not been reported as SoL producers. We selected four of these strains and verified their cysteate synthase and cysteate fatty acyltransferase activities in SoL biosynthesis. Considering this wider distribution of SoL-specific biosynthetic enzymes in the context of SoLs’ activity in mediating inflammation, a common and fundamental biological process, it may suggest a more comprehensive function of SoLs at play