TSR of yearlings in the population in any (<i>t</i>+1)-th study year in relation to adult survival between year <i>t</i> and year <i>t</i>+1.

<p>The analysis was restricted to the years when more than 180 yearlings were sampled (see <i>Statistical analyses</i>).</p

Reflectance spectra of belly or throat feathers with relative pale or dark color.

<p>Reflectance spectra of belly or throat feathers with relative pale or dark color.</p

Relationships between ϑ and φ tetrahedral hue color components and eu- (PTCA) or pheomelanin (4-AHP).

<p>Panel A): throat feathers; panel B): belly feathers. Lines are fitted by linear regression to statistically significant relationships for either sex separately.</p

Relationship between concentration of pheomelanin (4-AHP) and eumelanin (PTCA) in the belly feathers of male and female adult barn swallows.

<p>The relationship was significant for males but not females (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058024#s3" target="_blank">Results</a>). Linear regression lines are shown.</p

Evolution_data_17-0084.R2

Evolution_data_17-0084.R

Relationship between offspring and the midparent ϑ and φ hue coloration components.

<p>Phenotypic values were normalized to a within-year mean of 0 to control for among-years sources of variation (see also Methods).</p

Linear mixed models of the difference in tetrahedral color components between survivors and non-survivors in relation to sex and age, with year as a random factor.

<p>F-statistics for the main effects of sex and age are obtained from a mixed model excluding the interaction term (see also Results).</p

Mean (SE) tetrahedral color component values of males or females that did or did not survive.

<p>Surviving and non-surviving individuals were matched for year and age and, whenever possible (91% of the cases), for breeding site and capture date. Increasing values of θ indicate paler, relatively more eumelanic plumage. Significance of the deviation of mean differences between surviving and non-surviving individuals from zero was assessed by <i>t</i>-tests. Sample sizes are 108 pairs of males and 66 pairs of females.</p