Factores de riesgo del abandono escolar desde la perspectiva del profesorado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria en Andalucía (España)

El abandono escolar temprano (AET), supone un importante problema social al que hay que hacer frente. La Unión Europea marca como meta para 2020 situar la proporción de abandonos prematuros de la educación y formación por debajo del 10 % (Consejo de la Unión Europea, 2009). España es uno de los países de la Unión con una de las tasas más altas (en 2013 era del 23,6%) agravándose en algunas comunidades, como en el caso de Andalucía -tasa en torno al 28%- (INE, 2015). El presente artículo recoge los resultados del proyecto “Alumnado en riesgo de abandono” desarrollado en dicha comunidad. Analizamos los factores de riesgo de abandono escolar que el profesorado de esta comunidad identifica respecto al rendimiento académico, grado de compromiso y actitudes del alumnado en relación al estudio y comportamiento en el aula. La metodología empleada ha sido de carácter mixto, aunque en este trabajo presentamos los resultados de los análisis cuantitativos de los datos obtenidos mediante un cuestionario aplicado a una muestra representativa de 283 profesores/as. El valor de este estudio reside en haber logrado una radiografía, desde la visión del profesorado, de los posibles factores de riesgo de abandono en la población de alumnos de secundaria andaluces. Conocer dichos riesgos, nos va a permitir plantear medidas de prevención e intervención. Los mayores riesgos identificados, respecto al alumnado que tiene más probabilidad de abandonar prematuramente, son: tener dificultades en las materias instrumentales (matemáticas, lengua,…), no gustarles lo que trabajan en el instituto, bajos niveles de compromiso con el estudio y mostrar comportamientos inadecuados en el aula.High school dropout represents an important social issue, which governments and social institutions should face up. European Union countries have committed to reducing the average share of early school leavers to less than 10% by 2020 (European Union Commission, 2009). Spain has one of the highest dropouts’ rates of EU, being worse in some of Spain’s regions. This is the case of Andalusia community, which has around a 28% of early school leavers (INE, 2015). In the present work we describe some results of the research project “Students at risk for school dropout” which has been developed in Andalusia Community Spain. We used mixed methods, although in this work we only present quantitative results obtained through questionnaires, administered to 283 teachers (which is a representative sample). The value of this study lies in the fact that we have mapped the reality of secondary students in Andalusia (Spain), identifying risk factors. This research has also provided us with a range of aspects that could help us tackle and prevent early dropout. We analyzed risk factors identified by Middle School Teachers in several areas: academic performance, degree of commitment, attitudes and interest in school, and classroom behavior. Our main goal has been to study in depth, which are the most important risk factors, to establish new lines of action to decrease these data and prevent new cases. We conclude that the main risk factors are: difficulties in critical subjects (mathematics, language,…), dislike studying, low engagement and inappropriate classroom behavior

Exploring genetic factors involved in huntington disease age of onset. E2F2 as a new potential modifier gene

Age of onset (AO) of Huntington disease (HD) is mainly determined by the length of the CAG repeat expansion (CAGexp) in exon 1 of the HTT gene. Additional genetic variation has been suggested to contribute to AO, although the mechanism by which it could affect AO is presently unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the contribution of candidate genetic factors to HD AO in order to gain insight into the pathogenic mechanisms underlying this disorder. For that purpose, two AO definitions were used: the earliest age with unequivocal signs of HD (earliest AO or eAO), and the first motor symptoms age (motor AO or mAO). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed between genetic variation within 20 candidate genes and eAO or mAO, using DNA and clinical information of 253 HD patients from REGISTRY project. Gene expression analyses were carried out by RT-qPCR with an independent sample of 35 HD patients from Basque Country Hospitals. We found suggestive association signals between HD eAO and/or mAO and genetic variation within the E2F2, ATF7IP, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, LINC01559, HIP1 and GRIK2 genes. Among them, the most significant was the association between eAO and rs2742976, mapping to the promoter region of E2F2 transcription factor. Furthermore, rs2742976 T allele patient carriers exhibited significantly lower lymphocyte E2F2 gene expression, suggesting a possible implication of E2F2-dependent transcriptional activity in HD pathogenesis. Thus, E2F2 emerges as a new potential HD AO modifier factor

Risk factors of early high school dropout: Andalusia middle school teachers’ perspective

El abandono escolar temprano (AET), supone un importante problema social al que hay que hacer frente. La Unión Europea marca como meta para 2020 situar la proporción de abandonos prematuros de la educación y formación por debajo del 10 % (Consejo de la Unión Europea, 2009). España es uno de los países de la Unión con una de las tasas más altas (en 2013 era del 23,6%) agravándose en algunas comunidades, como en el caso de Andalucía -tasa en torno al 28%- (INE, 2015). El presente artículo recoge los resultados del proyecto “Alumnado en riesgo de abandono” desarrollado en dicha comunidad. Analizamos los factores de riesgo de abandono escolar que el profesorado de esta comunidad identifica respecto al rendimiento académico, grado de compromiso y actitudes del alumnado en relación al estudio y comportamiento en el aula. La metodología empleada ha sido de carácter mixto, aunque en este trabajo presentamos los resultados de los análisis cuantitativos de los datos obtenidos mediante un cuestionario aplicado a una muestra representativa de 283 profesores/as. El valor de este estudio reside en haber logrado una radiografía, desde la visión del profesorado, de los posibles factores de riesgo de abandono en la población de alumnos de secundaria andaluces. Conocer dichos riesgos, nos va a permitir plantear medidas de prevención e intervención.Los mayores riesgos identificados, respecto al alumnado que tiene más probabilidad de abandonar prematuramente, son: tener dificultades en las materias instrumentales (matemáticas, lengua,…), no gustarles lo que trabajan en el instituto, bajos niveles de compromiso con el estudio y mostrar comportamientos inadecuados en el aula.High school dropout represents an important social issue, which governments and social institutions should face up. European Union countries have committed to reducing the average share of early school leavers to less than 10% by 2020 (European Union Commission, 2009). Spain has one of the highest dropouts’ rates of EU, being worse in some of Spain’s regions. This is the case of Andalusia community, which has around a 28% of early school leavers (INE, 2015) In the present work we describe some results of the research project “Students at risk for school dropout” which has been developed in Andalusia Community Spain. We used mixed methods, although in this work we only present quantitative results obtained through questionnaires, administered to 283 teachers (which is a representative sample). The value of this study lies in the fact that we have mapped the reality of secondary students in Andalusia (Spain), identifying risk factors. This research has also provided us with a range of aspects that could help us tackle and prevent early dropout. We analyzed risk factors identified by Middle School Teachers in several areas: academic performance, degree of commitment, attitudes and interest in school, and classroom behavior. Our main goal has been to study in depth, which are the most important risk factors, to establish new lines of action to decrease these data and prevent new cases. We conclude that the main risk factors are: difficulties in critical subjects (mathematics, language,…), dislike studying, low engagement and inappropriate classroom behavior.Grupo FORCE (HUM-386). Departamento de Didáctica y Organización Escolar de la Universidad de Granad

Propuesta de mejora del Sistema Interno de Garantía de Calidad de la Facultad de Medicina

La garantía de calidad en el ámbito universitario puede considerarse como la atención sistemática, estructurada y continua a las titulaciones ofertadas. La garantía de calidad se compromete a poner en marcha los medios que aseguren y demuestren la calidad de los programas formativos que se desarrollan en cada una de las titulaciones ofrecidas por la Universidad y así cumplir con la obligación que tiene con la sociedad. El presente proyecto nace como fruto de la responsabilidad adquirida para el cumplimiento de las funciones encomendadas y, con el objetivo de seguir adoptando una estrategia de mejora continua de la calidad de la docencia y satisfacción de los colectivos implicados en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje (Profesorado, Estudiantes y PAS)

Evidencias y efectos potenciales del cambio climático en Asturias

Esta monografía expone las conclusiones del trabajo realizado por el Panel de Expertos CLIMAS. Recoge los cambios constatados en el clima, el medio natural, costero y marino de Asturias en las últimas décadas, a la vez que apunta los principales efectos detectados en los distintos sistemas naturales, sociales y económicos de nuestra comunidad autónoma. Además determina aquellos ámbitos de investigación y conocimiento que debemos reforzar en Asturias y establece nuevas líneas de investigación y de actuación que deben ser consideradas en una estrategia de adaptación a nuevas condiciones

Reconstruction of primary vertices at the ATLAS experiment in Run 1 proton–proton collisions at the LHC

This paper presents the method and performance of primary vertex reconstruction in proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment during Run 1 of the LHC. The studies presented focus on data taken during 2012 at a centre-of-mass energy of √s=8 TeV. The performance has been measured as a function of the number of interactions per bunch crossing over a wide range, from one to seventy. The measurement of the position and size of the luminous region and its use as a constraint to improve the primary vertex resolution are discussed. A longitudinal vertex position resolution of about 30μm is achieved for events with high multiplicity of reconstructed tracks. The transverse position resolution is better than 20μm and is dominated by the precision on the size of the luminous region. An analytical model is proposed to describe the primary vertex reconstruction efficiency as a function of the number of interactions per bunch crossing and of the longitudinal size of the luminous region. Agreement between the data and the predictions of this model is better than 3% up to seventy interactions per bunch crossing

Measurement of the W-boson mass in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A measurement of the mass of the W boson is presented based on proton–proton collision data recorded in 2011 at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, and corresponding to 4.6 fb−1 of integrated luminosity. The selected data sample consists of 7.8×106 candidates in the W→μν channel and 5.9×106 candidates in the W→eν channel. The W-boson mass is obtained from template fits to the reconstructed distributions of the charged lepton transverse momentum and of the W boson transverse mass in the electron and muon decay channels, yielding mW=80370±7 (stat.)±11(exp. syst.) ±14(mod. syst.) MeV =80370±19MeV, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second corresponds to the experimental systematic uncertainty, and the third to the physics-modelling systematic uncertainty. A measurement of the mass difference between the W+ and W−bosons yields mW+−mW−=−29±28 MeV

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements