Forming Community Partnerships

In the event of a disaster, regardless of the type or scope, the first response is always local. For the institutions and organizations charged with safeguarding the nation’s cultural and historic resources – museums, historical societies, libraries, and municipal offices, to name just a few – building relationships with local first responders and emergency managers before disaster strikes is key to ensuring the safety of staff and collections. State emergency management agencies are also collaborating with their state cultural agencies to protect these valuable and vulnerable resources. The resulting emergency networks better position the local community and the state to be ready to respond to and recover from disasters affecting cultural and historic resources. And when a disaster rises to the level requiring federal engagement, local and state partnerships play a vital role supporting the Heritage Emergency National Task Force, a public-private partnership co-led by FEMA and the Smithsonian Institution, in bringing much-needed assistance to the impacted cultural community

Release and Establishment of Megamelus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) on Waterhyacinth in Florida

More than 73,000 Megamelus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) were released in Florida over a 2 to 3 yr period at 10 sites in an attempt to establish sustainable populations on waterhyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes Mart. Solms (Commelinales: Pontederiaceae). Insect populations persisted at most sites including those furthest north and consecutive overwintering was confirmed in as many as three times at some sites. Establishment appeared to be promoted at sites with some cover or shading compared to open areas. Insects readily dispersed over short distances which made detection and monitoring difficultFil: Tipping, Philip W.. Invasive Plant Research Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Sosa, Alejandro Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Fundación para el Estudio de Especies Invasivas; ArgentinaFil: Pokorny, Eileen N.. Invasive Plant Research Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Foley, Jeremiah. Invasive Plant Research Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Schmitz, Don C.. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission; Estados UnidosFil: Lane, Jon S.. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Estados UnidosFil: Rodgers, Leroy. South Florida Water Management District; Estados UnidosFil: Mccloud, Lori. St. Johns River Water Management District; Estados UnidosFil: Livingston-Way, Pam. St. Johns River Water Management District; Estados UnidosFil: Cole, Matthew S.. St. Johns River Water Management District; Estados UnidosFil: Nichols, Gary. St. Johns River Water Management District; Estados Unido

Modelling the distribution of ice at Lyot crater, Mars

A study is underway modelling the interaction between the atmosphere and the ice deposits found in and around Lyot crater, Mars, to examine their relationship over varying orbital parameters. A mesoscale climate model can be used to show how the orbital variations affect the distribution of ice in the atmosphere and on the surface. This modelled output can be compared to the observed distribution of landforms, to validate the data and to study how the climate processes control the long-term evolution of ice reservoirs

Report on the State of Available Data for the Study of International Trade and Foreign Direct Investment

This report, prepared for the Committee on Economic Statistics of the American Economic Association, examines the state of available data for the study of international trade and foreign direct investment. Data on values of imports and exports of goods are of high quality and coverage, but price data suffer from insufficient detail. It would be desirable to have more data measuring value-added in trade as well as prices of comparable domestic and imported inputs. Value data for imports and exports of services are too aggregated and valuations are questionable, while price data for service exports and imports are almost non-existent. Foreign direct investment data are of high quality but quality has suffered from budget cuts. Data on trade in intellectual property are fragmentary. The intangibility of the trade makes measurement difficult, but budget cuts have added to the difficulties. Modest funding increases would result in data more useful for research and policy analysis.

Atmosphere-surface interactions relating to ice-rich landforms in Lyot Crater, Mars

The amount of shadow cast on a landscape varies with, inter alia, latitude and topography, and when shadow is included in a climate model it can influence atmospheric variables such as surface temperature, wind speed and wind direction. This can in turn influence how the deposition and evolution over time of water, ice or snow are represented in models of martian surface-atmosphere interaction. Surface features that appear to be heavily influenced by the atmospheric conditions and the location’s topography include viscous flow features (VFFs). Interpreted as debris-covered glaciers, they undergo a slow, plastic deformation due to gravity, resulting in the movement of ice and debris down the steep slopes on which they are preferentially found. Their evolution is distinct from other near-by ice-rich landforms that exist in different topographic settings. Characteristics of VFFs include evidence of flow around or over obstacles, surface lineations, compressional ridges, extensional troughs, and a lobate plan-view morphology. The causes of their distinctive morphology and location are linked to the atmospheric conditions they experience. This study focuses on Lyot crater, Mars, a ∼215‐km diameter impact crater centered at 50.5°N, 29.3°E. The crater floor is ∼3000 m below the surrounding landscape and ∼7000 m below Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) datum, making it the lowest point in the northern hemisphere. It has a relatively young age, and is thought to have formed between the early Amazonian (1.6 Gyr) and the late Hesperian (3.4 Gyr ago). Lyot crater contains many geomorphological indicators of surface ice and ice melt, both past and present. Lobate features with convex-outward ridges and convex-upward profiles, identified as VFFs, can be seen predominantly in the south of the crater along the steep slopes of the crater rim and inner peak ring. VFF formation is believed to be temperature dependent and such slopes are largely shadowed, protecting the ice-rich landforms found there from sublimation due to solar insolation. Ridges found on the main body of the VFFs are interpreted as compressional ridges, indicating the ductile flow of material. The aim of this study is to use a high resolution climate model to determine when and how VFFs formed, and why they form in these specific locations, as opposed to elsewhere in the crater

Modelling the interaction between the atmosphere and surface ice at Lyot crater, Mars

To understand the interaction between the atmosphere and ice deposits found in and around Lyot crater, Mars, we are using a climate model and exploring variations in Mars’ orbital parameters, such as obliquity, eccentricity and date of perihelion. Our climate model focuses on small scales (down to kilometres) to study how orbital variations affect the distribution of ice in the atmosphere and on the surface. Lyot crater is a site of particular interest due to its large size, its relatively young age, and that its geomorphology gives rise to a microenvironment that could control the landforms’ distribution in and around the crater. It is the site of a number of ice-based features and contains fluvial valley systems that are both the youngest systems of their size and are linked to near-surface ice-rich units. The output from the climate model allows us to make a detailed analysis of the impact of the crater’s geomorphology on ice deposition and sublimation, and on the formation of ice-rich landforms over time. We are assessing the effect that high and low points within the crater, and their attendant slopes and shadows, have on the formation of ice-rich features. We compare the modelled output to the observed distribution of landforms to study how climate processes control the long-term evolution of ice reservoirs and present initial results from that study here. When the full set of experiments are complete, we aim to build a timeline for when various units were deposited and altered based on the modelled output

The impact of a shadows scheme on a Mars mesoscale climate model

Latitude and topography affect the amount of shadow cast on a landscape, which in turn can influence where water, ice or snow are stable. For martian climate models, whose output sometimes disagrees with observational data, we show that adding the ability to represent shadows generated by topography and understanding how they interact with relevant modelled variables can be important. We included a shadows scheme in a Mars mesoscale climate model and report on the impact that shadows had on surface temperature, and the resultant impact on one variable – surface water ice, and its accumulation or ablation in the study area of Lyot crater. Incorporating a scheme simulating shadows cast by topographical features had a measurable effect, increasing by up to 83% the amount of surface ice that the model predicted would be found in shadowed areas. The largest differences in ice content between simulations with and without shadows were found in those areas with the greatest amount of shadow

The Lantern Vol. 46, No. 1, December 1979

• Visions in Chains • The Bean • Who Can We Watch Tonite? • Night Glider • The Hurricane • Crisp New Paper • Compassion • Loneliness • 301 • Ode to Man • Unsteady Hands • The Beachcomber • The Pounce • Graveyard Shift • Houston Refineries • Haiku • The End of the Game • A Rose • Ode to a Ziffle • To Carson McCullers • In the May Month • Ghostly Chanting • Travel Excerpts • Face in the Crowd • Waiting in an Airport • A Taste of Winter\u27s Embracehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1115/thumbnail.jp