The role of community-based Hubs in reef restoration: Collaborative monitoring at Moore Reef

The Cairns-Port Douglas region is home to multiple coral rehabilitation and stewardship projects supported by scientists, Traditional Owners, and a range of local stakeholders. The Cairns-Port Douglas Reef Hub has been a platform for collaboration across Traditional Owners, tourism operators, not-for-profits and scientists from the Reef Restoration and Adaptation Program (AIMS and CSIRO) to design and deliver a project at Moore Reef that assesses how new techniques for assisted coral recovery can be applied in rubble habitats. The collaborative project evaluates the viability of newly engineered coral seeding devices developed by AIMS, for deploying coral recruits that were spawned in the National Sea Simulator in December 2022 to sites at Moore Reef close to tourist pontoons. This project provides important data to inform future scaling up of restoration activities and provides a model for active involvement of a range of partners. Through this work, the project builds understanding around key ingredients for best-practice, place-based engagement opportunities for Reef communities and the general public

Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology using mendelian randomisation (STROBE-MR): explanation and elaboration.

Mendelian randomisation (MR) studies allow a better understanding of the causal effects of modifiable exposures on health outcomes, but the published evidence is often hampered by inadequate reporting. Reporting guidelines help authors effectively communicate all critical information about what was done and what was found. STROBE-MR (strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology using mendelian randomisation) assists authors in reporting their MR research clearly and transparently. Adopting STROBE-MR should help readers, reviewers, and journal editors evaluate the quality of published MR studies. This article explains the 20 items of the STROBE-MR checklist, along with their meaning and rationale, using terms defined in a glossary. Examples of transparent reporting are used for each item to illustrate best practices

Rationale and recommendations on decolonising the pedagogy and curriculum of the Law School at the University of Exeter

This report outlines the rationale behind and recommendations on the steps that need to be taken towards decolonising the Law School's pedagogy and curriculum. The reason is that we see decolonisation as not something that can be achieved but as an ongoing process. It concludes a two-year process of research and discussions involving a joint effort between staff and students. A rationale for a change in approach to both pedagogy and curriculum is presented together with recommendations and practical examples of how this might be achieved in modular teaching in the Law School

Protective and risk factors in amateur equestrians and description of injury patterns: A retrospective data analysis and a case - control survey

Background In Switzerland there are about 150,000 equestrians. Horse related injuries, including head and spinal injuries, are frequently treated at our level I trauma centre. Objectives To analyse injury patterns, protective factors, and risk factors related to horse riding, and to define groups of safer riders and those at greater risk Methods We present a retrospective and a case-control survey at conducted a tertiary trauma centre in Bern, Switzerland. Injured equestrians from July 2000 - June 2006 were retrospectively classified by injury pattern and neurological symptoms. Injured equestrians from July-December 2008 were prospectively collected using a questionnaire with 17 variables. The same questionnaire was applied in non-injured controls. Multiple logistic regression was performed, and combined risk factors were calculated using inference trees. Results Retrospective survey A total of 528 injuries occured in 365 patients. The injury pattern revealed as follows: extremities (32%: upper 17%, lower 15%), head (24%), spine (14%), thorax (9%), face (9%), pelvis (7%) and abdomen (2%). Two injuries were fatal. One case resulted in quadriplegia, one in paraplegia. Case-control survey 61 patients and 102 controls (patients: 72% female, 28% male; controls: 63% female, 37% male) were included. Falls were most frequent (65%), followed by horse kicks (19%) and horse bites (2%). Variables statistically significant for the controls were: Older age (p = 0.015), male gender (p = 0.04) and holding a diploma in horse riding (p = 0.004). Inference trees revealed typical groups less and more likely to suffer injury. Conclusions Experience with riding and having passed a diploma in horse riding seem to be protective factors. Educational levels and injury risk should be graded within an educational level-injury risk index

The Arctic freshwater system : changes and impacts

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 112 (2007): G04S54, doi:10.1029/2006JG000353.Dramatic changes have been observed in the Arctic over the last century. Many of these involve the storage and cycling of fresh water. On land, precipitation and river discharge, lake abundance and size, glacier area and volume, soil moisture, and a variety of permafrost characteristics have changed. In the ocean, sea ice thickness and areal coverage have decreased and water mass circulation patterns have shifted, changing freshwater pathways and sea ice cover dynamics. Precipitation onto the ocean surface has also changed. Such changes are expected to continue, and perhaps accelerate, in the coming century, enhanced by complex feedbacks between the oceanic, atmospheric, and terrestrial freshwater systems. Change to the arctic freshwater system heralds changes for our global physical and ecological environment as well as human activities in the Arctic. In this paper we review observed changes in the arctic freshwater system over the last century in terrestrial, atmospheric, and oceanic systems.The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Science Foundation (NSF) for funding this synthesis work. This paper is principally the work of authors funded under the NSF-funded Freshwater Integration (FWI) study

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Effect of remote ischaemic conditioning on clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI): a single-blind randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Remote ischaemic conditioning with transient ischaemia and reperfusion applied to the arm has been shown to reduce myocardial infarct size in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). We investigated whether remote ischaemic conditioning could reduce the incidence of cardiac death and hospitalisation for heart failure at 12 months. METHODS: We did an international investigator-initiated, prospective, single-blind, randomised controlled trial (CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI) at 33 centres across the UK, Denmark, Spain, and Serbia. Patients (age >18 years) with suspected STEMI and who were eligible for PPCI were randomly allocated (1:1, stratified by centre with a permuted block method) to receive standard treatment (including a sham simulated remote ischaemic conditioning intervention at UK sites only) or remote ischaemic conditioning treatment (intermittent ischaemia and reperfusion applied to the arm through four cycles of 5-min inflation and 5-min deflation of an automated cuff device) before PPCI. Investigators responsible for data collection and outcome assessment were masked to treatment allocation. The primary combined endpoint was cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure at 12 months in the intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02342522) and is completed. FINDINGS: Between Nov 6, 2013, and March 31, 2018, 5401 patients were randomly allocated to either the control group (n=2701) or the remote ischaemic conditioning group (n=2700). After exclusion of patients upon hospital arrival or loss to follow-up, 2569 patients in the control group and 2546 in the intervention group were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. At 12 months post-PPCI, the Kaplan-Meier-estimated frequencies of cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure (the primary endpoint) were 220 (8·6%) patients in the control group and 239 (9·4%) in the remote ischaemic conditioning group (hazard ratio 1·10 [95% CI 0·91-1·32], p=0·32 for intervention versus control). No important unexpected adverse events or side effects of remote ischaemic conditioning were observed. INTERPRETATION: Remote ischaemic conditioning does not improve clinical outcomes (cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure) at 12 months in patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI. FUNDING: British Heart Foundation, University College London Hospitals/University College London Biomedical Research Centre, Danish Innovation Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, TrygFonden

The first Generation of female Jewish students at Austria’s Universities (until 1939). An Analysis on the basis of autobiographical texts

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit den Erfahrungen der österreichischen jüdischen Studentinnen, die bis zum so genannten ?Anschluss? am 12. März 1938 an einer Universität studierten. Am Beginn wird auf das Verhältnis zwischen der Kategorie Gender (weiblich) und dem Thema der universitären Bildung/Wissenschaft eingegangen. Die Situation rund um die Öffnung der österreichischen Universitäten (klassische Universitäten in Wien, Graz und Innsbruck, Technischen Universitäten in Wien u. Graz, Montanistische Universität, Veterinärmedizinische Universität, Wirtschaftsuniversität, Universität für Bodenkultur, Akademie der bildenden Künste, Universität für angewandte Kunst) für Frauen wird dargestellt. Anschließend wird die Kategorie Gender (weiblich) mit der Kategorie Religion (jüdisch) zusammengeführt und unter dem Aspekt der Bildung ein Blick auf die Situation der bürgerlichen jüdischen Frau vom Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts bis 1938/39 geworfen. Zentral ist die Verquickung von Antisemitismus, Antifeminismus und Misogynie. Danach wird auf die Lage von jüdischen Studentinnen an den oben genannten österreichischen Universitäten eingegangen. Nun wird anhand von Primärquellen (Autobiografien) die persönlich wahrgenommene Situation von jüdischen Studentinnen an der Universität vor 1938 untersucht. Zentral ist bei der Auswahl der Autobiografien die Selbstdefinition der Studentinnen als Jüdinnen, wofür auf die Konfessionsangabe in den selbst ausgefüllten Nationalen (Stammdatenblätter) zurückgegriffen wird. Allen Kriterien entsprechen die folgenden Frauen: Lise Meitner, Helene Deutsch, Hilde Zaloscer, Stella Klein-Löw, Elisabeth Freundlich, Minna Lachs, Sonia Wachstein und Fanny Stang. Im Zentrum der Analyse ihrer autobiografischen Texte ? neben dem Umgang mit der Kategorie Religion (jüdisch) und Gender (weiblich) ? steht ihre Schilderung von Universität und Studium. Abschließend findet eine Zusammenschau statt, um Tendenzen herauszuarbeiten.The thesis deals with the experiences of the first female Jewish students, who studied at Austria´s universities until the so called ?Anschluss? on the 12th of March 1938. At the beginning it concentrates on the relation between the category of gender (female) and the topic of university education/sciences and deals with the opening of Austria?s universities for women students (universities in Vienna, Graz and Innsbruck, universities of technology in Vienna and Graz, Montanistic University, University of Veterinary Medicine, University of Economic and Business, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Academy of Fine Arts, University of Applied Arts). Afterwards the category of gender (female) is linked with the category of religion (Jewish) and with the aspect of education, the situation of bourgeois Jewish women from the end of the 19th century until 1938/39 is described. The link between anti-Semitism, antifeminism and misogyny is crucial for this chapter. The situation of Jewish women students at the already named Austrian university is shown. From this point onwards, the personally experienced situation of Jewish women at the universities until 1938 is analysed on the basis of autobiographies as primary sources. The most important criteria for the selection of the autobiographies and their writers is the self-definition as Jews, which is taken from their identification on the so called ?National?, an university form. Lise Meitner, Helene Deutsch, Hilde Zaloscer, Stella Klein-Löw, Elisabeth Freundlich, Minna Lachs, Sonia Wachstein und Fanny Stang fulfill all criteria: identified as Jewish in the ?National?, attended an Austrian university before 1938/39, wrote an autobiography after 1945. The analysis of the autobiographies is focused on their descriptions of their experiences at the university. Besides, also the categories of gender (female) and religion (Jewish) is relevant. A synopsis tries to work out tendencies in the narrations.vorgelegt von Rebecca Cäcilia LoderAbweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des VerfassersZsfassung in engl. SpracheGraz, Univ., Dipl.-Arb., 201

The "Missions-ethnographische Museum" of St Gabriel as an Example for European Mission Museums

Using the example of the "Missions-ethnographische Museum" in St Gabriel (Modling, today Maria Enzersdorf, near Vienna) as a case study, this article looks at the phenomenon of European mission museums and argues that the museum in St Gabriel was seen dominantly from a scholarly perspective. This was itself a part of the scholarly orientation of the SVD (Societas Verbi Divini) congregation (Frs. Schmidt, Koppers, Schebesta, etc.). The article thus places its main focus on the network that included the mission museum, the Museum of Ethnology Vienna, and the University of Vienna.</p